TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS
-- GRADE EIGHT --
MODEL TEST SEVEN
TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN ]
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now listen to the mini-lecture.
SECTION B INTERVIEW
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
Questions I to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.
1. What is essential for a good interviewer?
A. Professional knowledge.
B. Experience in the area.
C. Curiosity about the interviewees.
D. Enthusiasm about the job.
2. Why Michael has to watch the interview back to tell whether it’s been a good one?
A, Because he isn’t confident enough in himself.
B. Because he usually is too indulged in the interview to be aware of his own performance.
C. Because television interview is often more interesting than it actually is.
D. Because television interview depends much on the way the director shoots it.
3. How does Michael manage to bring out the best in people?
A. By communicating with them in advance.
B. By exuding a great sense of humor during the interview.
C. By doing thorough researches into them in advance.
D. By asking thought-provoking questions.
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Michael when he is doing interviews?
A. He always sticks to his list of questions.
B. Sometimes interviewees would talk about something that he’s not really thought about.
C. He sometimes lets the interviewee direct the flow of conversation.
D. He doesn’t have a list of questions at all.
5. What does Michael think of a career as an interviewer?
A. It’s a good job for young people with talent, ambition and energy.
B. Talent plays the most important role in the career.
C. One has to pass several examinations to pursue a career as an interviewer.
D. It sometimes can be very boring.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds toanswer the questions. Now listen to the news.
6. Where was the report about rebel forces from?
A. Chad’s government.
C. French embassy.
B. Capital N’Djamena.
D. City of Abeche.
7. France’s ambassador has left Rwanda because Rwanda has decided to____
A. stay away from possible danger
B. show France its power
C. cut the connection between the two countries
D. arrest some of the top Rwandan officials
Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.
8. The investigation was dangerous because______
A. the mine was badly damaged
B. the ventilation system was broken
C. the mine was too deep
D. the safety facility was destroyed
Questions 9 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.
9. The development of__ inside the mosquito has been blocked.
A. molecule in the gut
B. genetic gene
C. malaria parasite
D. disease-spreading tissue
10. Which of the following description is INCORRECT?
A. The new strain of mosquito has been released into the wild
B. Scientists have done similar researches before.
C. The new strain of mosquito cannot spread the disease.
D. This kind of mosquito is genetically modified
PART H READING COMPREHENSION [30 MIN]
In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
TEXT A
High in a smooth ocean of sky floated a dazzling, majestic sun. Fragments of powdery cloud, like spray flung from a wave crest, sprinkled the radiant, lake-blue heaven.
Relaxed on a bundle of hay in a corner of a meadow bathed in sunlight, Paul lay dreaming. A gentle breeze was stirring the surrounding hedges; bees moved, humming thoughtfully, from scarlet poppy to purple thistle; a distant lark, invisible in blue light, was flooding the vast realm of the sky with glorious song, as the sun was flooding the earth with brilliance. Beyond the hedge a brook tinkled over softly-glowing pebbles. Butterflies hovered above nodding clover. An ant was busily exploring the uncharted territory of Paul’s suntanned wrist. A grasshopper skidded briskly over his ankle. And the blazing sun was steadily scorching his fair freckled face to bright lobster red. Neither sun, nor grasshopper, nor ant, however, was able to arouse him.
Not even when a fly started crawling over his face did he open his eyes. For Paul was a thousand miles away,in a world of eternal snow and ice. Across the towering mountain range, a bitter gale was screaming furiously as with one hand he gripped a projecting knob of rock while with his axe he hacked out the next narrow foothold in the rock. As their infallible guide, he was leading his gallant party of climbers up a treacherous, vertical wall of rock towards the lofty peak above, hitherto unconquered by man. A single slip, however trivial, would probably
result in death for all of them. To his right he could glimpse the furrowed glacier sweeping towards the valley, but he was far too absorbed in his task to appreciate fully the scene around or even to be aware of a view of almost unearthly beauty. A sudden gust of wind nearly tore him from the ledge where he was perched. Gradually he raised his foot, tested the new foothold on the sheer rock wall, transferred his weight, and signaled to the climbers below.
Not until a tractor started working in the next field did he become conscious of his far from icy surroundings. He sat up, wiped his forehead with his handkerchief, glanced at his watch and sighed in resignation. He had a headache through sleeping in the hot sun, a pain in his shoulder from carrying his rucksack; his legs felt stiff and his feet ached. With no enthusiasm whatever he pulled the bulging rucksack over his shoulders and drew a large-scale map from his pocket. At the far end of the meadow two slates in the wall, which at this point replaced the hedge, indicated a stile, and beyond he could faintly see a thin thread of path which dwindled and finally disappeared as it climbed the steep slope of the down, quivering in the glare of the sun. The whole of Nature seemed to be luxttriating in warmth, sunshine and peace. Wherever he looked, leaves on twigs, grass blades, flower petals, all were sparkling in sunlight.
Fifteen miles off, over the ridge, across a broad valley and then over a higher, even steeper range of hills lay the youth hostel: supper, company, a cool dip in the river. With a momentary intense longing for ice-axe, blizzard, glacier and heroic exploit (none of which was at all familiar to him), Paul strode off unwillingly to less dramatic but equally heroic achievement in the tropical heat of an English sun.
11. All of the following failed to wake Paul up EXCEPT the __
A. sun
B. grasshopper
C. fly
D. tractor
12. What did the ant on Paul’s wrist feel about it?
A. It was a new area for discovery.
B. It was very large.
C. It was very dangerous.
D. It was unattractive.
13. All of the following are similarities between Paul’s dream and the journey ahead of him EXCEPT that __
A. they both demanded skill and courage
B. the weather conditions in both were extreme
C. they both could offer worthwhile views
D. they both involved hardship
14. What can be inferred about the mountain-climbing in Paul’s dream?
A. It was not a great challenge.
B. Though difficult, it was not so dangerous.
C. If successful, they would be the first to reach the summit.
D. Paul was shocked by the beauty of the mountain.
15. Which category of writing does the passage belong to?
A. Narration.
B. Description.
C. Persuasion.
D. Exposition.
TEXT B
Isn’t it amazing how one person, sharing one idea, at the right time and place can change the course of your life’s history? This is certainly what happened in my life. When I was 14, I was hitchhiking from Houston, Texas, through E1 Paso on my way to California. I was following my dream, journeying with the sun. I was a high school dropout with learning disabilities and was set on surfing the biggest waves in the world, first in California and then in Hawaii, where I would later live.
Upon reaching downtown E1 Paso, I met an old man, a bum, on the street comer. He saw me walking,stopped me and questioned me as I passed by. He asked me if I was running away from home, I suppose because I looked so young. I told him, "Not exactly, sir," since my father had given me a ride to the freeway in Houston and given me his blessings while saying, "It is important to follow your dream and what is in your heart, son."
The bum then asked me if he could buy me a cup of coffee. I told him, "No, sir, but a soda would be great."We walked to a comer malt shop and sat down on a couple of swiveling stools while we enjoyed our drinks.
After conversing for a few minutes, the friendly bum told me to follow him. He told me that he had something grand to show me and share with me. We walked a couple of blocks until we came upon the downtown E1 Paso Public Library.
We walked up its front steps and stopped at a small information stand. Here the bum spoke to a smiling old lady, and asked her if she would bc kind enough to watch my things for a moment while he and I entered the library. I left my bclungings with this grandmotherly figure and entered into this magnificent hall of
learning.
The bum first led me to a table and asked me to sit down and wait for a moment while he looked for something special amongst the shelves. A few moments later, he returned with a couple of old books under his arms and set them on the table. He then sat down beside me and spoke. He started with a few statements that were
very special and that changed my life. He said, "There are two things that I want to teach you, young man, and they are these:
"Number one is to never judge a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you." He followed with, "I bet you think I’m a bum, don’t you, young man?"
I said, "Well, uh, yes, I guess so, sir."
"Well, young man, I’ve got a little surprise for you. I am one of the wealthiest men in the world. I have probably everything any man could ever want. I originally come from the Northeast and have all the things that money can buy. But a year ago, my wife passed away, bless her soul, and since then I have been deeply reflecting
upon life. I realized there were certain things I had not yet experienced in life, one of which was what it would be like to live like a bum on the streets. I made a commitment to myself to do exactly that for one year. For the past year, I have been going from city to city doing just that. So, you see, don’t ever judge a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you. "
"Number two is to lcam how to read, my boy, for there is only one thing that people can’t take away from you, and that is your wisdom. "At that moment, he reached forward, grabbed my right hand in his and put them upon the books he’d pulled from the shelves. They were the writings of Plato and Aristotle--immortal classics from
ancient times.
The bum then led me back past the smiling old woman near the entrance, down the steps and back on the streets near where we first met. His parting request was for me to never forget what he taught me.
16. We can infer from the passage that at 14, the author __
A. did not do well in his study
B. did not like his mother
C. planned to live in California all his life
D. did not like his life in Huston
17. The author recognized the old man as a bum probably because __
A. the old man asked for money from him
B. the old man was sleeping on the street comer
C. the old man was poorly dressed
D. the old man told him so
18. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the old man?
A. He was a bum.
B. His wife died when he was young.
C. He knew the author.
D. He had thought the author a truant.
19. The old man implied that __
A. truths couldn’t be disguised by covers
B. wisdom could come from reading
C. his wife’s death made him depressed for years
D. he liked the life of a bum
20. The author probably feels __ the old man.
A. grateful to
B. sympathetic for
C. uneasy about
D. indifferent to
TEXT C
It takes a while, as you wall around the streets of Nantes, a city of half a million people on the banks of the Loire River, to realize just what it is that is odd. Then you get it: There are empty parking lots, which~ is highly
unusual in big French towns.
Two decades of effort to make life more livable by dissuading people from driving into town has made Nantes a beacon for other European cities seeking to shake dependence on the automobile.
The effects were clear recently during Mobility Week, a campaign sponsored by the European Union that prompted more than 1,000 towns across the Continent to test ways of making their streets, if not car-free, at least manageable. "That is an awfully difficult problem," acknowledges Joel Crawford, an author and leader of the "car free" movement picking up adherents all over Europe. "You can’t take cars out of cities until there is some sort of alternative in place. But there are a lot of forces pointing in the direction of a major reduction in car use, like the rise in fuel prices, and concerns about global warming."
Last week, proclaiming the slogan "In Town, Without my Car!" hundreds of cities closed off whole chunks of their centers to all but essential traffic. Nantes closed just a few streets, preferring to focus on alternatives to driving so as to promote "Clever Commuting," the theme of this year’s EU campaign. Volunteers pedaled
rickshaws along the cobbled streets, charging passengers $1.20 an hour; bikes were available for free; and city workers encouraged children to walk to school along routes supervised by adults acting as Pied Pipers and picking up kids at arranged stops.
The centerpiece is a state-of-therart tramway providing service to much of the town, and a network of free,multistory parking lots to encourage commuters to "park and ride." Rene Vincendo, a retired hospital worker waiting at one such parking lot for his wife to return from the city center, is sold. "To go into town, this is brilliant," he says. "I never take my car in now."
It is not cheap, though. Beyond the construction costs, City Hall subsidizes fares to the tune of 60 million euros ($72 million) a year, making passengers pay only 40 percent of operating costs.
That is the only way to draw people onto trams and buses, says de Rugy, since Nantes, like many European cities, is expanding, and commuters find themselves with ever-longer distances to travel. The danger, he warns, is that "the further you go down the route of car dependence, the harder it is to return, because so many shops,
schools and other services are built beyond the reach of any financially feasible public-transport network." This,adds de Rugy, means that "transport policy is only half the answer. Urban planners and transport authorities have to work hand in hand to ensure that services are provided close to transport links."
The carrot-and-stick approach that Nantes has taken--cutting back on parking in the town center and making it expensive, while improving public transport--has not reduced the number of cars on the road. But it has "put a brake on the increase we would have seen otherwise" and that other European cities have seen, says Dominique Godineau, head of the city’s "mobility department."
21. What can be inferred about the city of Nantes?
A. Nantes is with the best traffic condition in France.
B. Nantes has almost shaken its independence on the automobile.
C. The government of Nantes is the first to dissuade people from driving into town.
D. The government of Nantes succeeds in raising people’s living standard.
22. Car use can be reduced because of all of the followings EXCEPT __
A. rise in fuel price
B. alternatives for car
C. people’s environmental awareness
D. heavy traffic jam
23. What’s the difference between Nantes and other cities which want reduction in car use?
A. Nantes gets more serious traffic problems.
B. Nantes doesn’t close off any streets.
C. Nantes has better public transport system.
D. Nantes pays more attention to alternatives to driving.
24. According to the passage, the tramway and multistory parking lots are __
A. low in cost
B. cheap to use
C. dismissed by critics
D. ineffective
25. The passage implies that public transport network can replace private cars if____
A. the city is not so big
B. there are more roads and streets
C. there are more public transport tools
D. there are more services near transport links
26. "The carrot-and-stick approach" in the last paragraph means _____
A. an approach with pros and cons B. an approach with threat and award
C. an efficient approach
D. a practical approach
TEXT D
The need for a satisfactory education is more important than ever before. Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the odds of landing that plum job advertised in the paper are considerably shortened. Moreover, one’s present level of education could fall well short of future career requirements.
It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtain increasingly higher qualifications. In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is no longer the result of an insatiable thirst for knowledge. The pressure is coming from within the workplace to compete with ever more qualified job applicants,
and in many occupations one must now battle with colleagues in the reshuffle for the position one already holds.
Striving to become better educated is hardly a new concept. Wealthy parents have always been willing to spend the vast amounts of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge. Working adults have long attended night schools and refresher courses. Competition for employment has
been around since the curse of working for a living began. Is the present situation so very different to that of the past?
The difference now is that the push is universal and from without as well as within. A student at secondary school receiving low grades is no longer as easily accepted by his or her peers as was once the case. Similarly, in the workplace, unless employees are engaged in part-time study, they may be frowned upon by their employers and peers and have difficulty even standing still. In fact, in these cases, the expectation is for careers to go backwards and earning capacity to take an appreciable nosedive.
At first glance, the situation would seem to be laudable--a positive response to the exhortation by a former Prime Minister, Bob Hawke, for Australia to become the "clever country". Yet there are serious ramifications according to at least one educational psychologist. Dr Brendan Gatsby has caused some controversy in academic circles by suggesting that a bias towards what he terms paper excellence might cause
more problems than it is supposed to solve. Gatsby raises a number of issues that affect the individual as well as society in general.
Firstly, he believes the extra workload involved is resulting in abnormally high stress levels in both students at secondary school and adults studying after working hours. Secondly, skills which might be more relevant to the undertaking of a sought-after job are being overlooked by employers interviewing candidates without
qualifications on paper. These two areas of concern for the individual are causing physical and emotional stress respectively.
Gatsby also argues that there are attitudinal changes within society to the exalted role education now plays in determining how the spoils of working life are distributed. Individuals of all ages are being driven by social pressures to achieve academic success solely for monetary considerations instead of for the joy of enlightenment. There is the danger that some universities are becoming degree factories with an attendant drop in standards. Furthermore, our education system may be rewarding doggedne~s above creativity--the very thing Australians have
been encouraged to avoid. But the most undesirable effect of this academic paper chase, Gatsby says, is the disadvantage "user pays" higher education confers on the poor, who invariably lose out to the more financially favored.
Naturally, although there is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby’s comments regarding university standards have been roundly criticized as alarmist by most educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Australia’s education system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to that of any in the world.
27. What makes higher qualifications important?
A. Pressure of competition.
B. Thirst for knowledge.
C. Development oftecimology.
D. Employers’ bias.
28. What can be inferred about today’s employees in the workplace according to the passage?
A. They seldom do part-time study.
B. They may have trouble with work without further study.
C. They usually do not get along well with one another.
D. They often frown due to the pressure from work.
29. Gatsby considers enthusiastic pursuit of higher qualifications as ______
A. beneficial
B. necessary
C. harmful
D. reasonable
30. Undesirable consequences of ever-going pursuit of higher qualifications include all the following EXCEPT______
A. lower education quality
B. less creativity of students
C. higher stress levels
D. higher pays for education
PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE [ 10 MIN ]
There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
31. The Amendment to the Constitution which banned slavery is __
A. the 1 lth Amendment
B. the 12th Amendment
C. the 13th Amendment
D. the 14th Amendment
32. Which region in the U.S. contains 90% of the American textile industry?
A. New England
B. The Midwest
C. The American West
D. The South
33. Which of the following is not one of the leading agricultural exports of Australia?
A. Wool
B. Meat
C. Wheat
D. Grain
34. The largest lake in Britain is __
A. the Lake Neagh
B. Windermere Water
C. Coniston Water
D. the Lake District
35. which of the following is Thomas Hardy’s best-known novel?
A. Far From the Madding Crowd
B. The Mayor of Castorbridge
C. Tess of the D’Urbervilles
D. The Return of the Native
36. which of the following is NOT true for Ralph Waldo Emerson?
A. A great thinker
B. A famous novelist
C. A well-know essayist
D. A poet
37. __ is a representative writer of Aestheticism and Decadence.
A. Stevenson
B. Ralph Fox
C. George Gissing
D. Oscar Wilde
38. An allophone refers to any of the different forms of a __
A. phoneme
B. morpheme
C. word
D. root
39. Firth insisted that the object of linguistics is______
A. language itself
B. language in actual use
C. language variation
D. language skills
40. The noun "tear" and the verb "tear" are______
A. homophones
B. allophones
C. complete homonyms
D. homographs
PART IV PROOFREADING& ERROR CORRECTION [ 15 MIN ]
The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:
For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.
For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.
For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.
Example
When ∧art museum wants a new exhibit, ( 1 ) an
It 0av~ buys things in finished form and hangs ( 2 ) never
them on the wall. When a natural history museum
wants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibit
A summary of the physical and chemical nature of life must begin,
not on the Earth, but in the Sun; in fact, at the Sun’s very center. It is here
which is to be found the source of the energy that the Sun constantly pours 41.______
out into space light and heat. This energy is librated at the center of 42.______
the Sun as billions upon billions of nuclei of hydrogen atoms collide
with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium, and doing 43.______
so, release out some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. 44._____
The output of light and heat of the Sun requires that some 600 million
tons of hydrogen are converted into helium in the Sun every second. 45.______
This the Sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years.
The nuclear energy is released at the Sun’s center as high-energy
gamma radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation like light and
radio waves, only of very much short wavelength. This gamma radiation 46._____
is absorbed by atoms inside the Sun to be reemitted at slight longer 47._____
wavelengths. This radiation, in its turn is absorbed and reemitted. As the
energy filters through the layers of the solar interior, it passes through
the X-ray part of the spectrum eventually becoming light. At this stage,
it has reached that we call the solar surface, and can escape into space 48.____
without being absorbed further by solar atoms. A very small fraction of
the Sun’s light and heat are emitted in such directions that after 49._____
passing unhindering through interplanetary space, it hits the Earth. 50._____
PART V TRANSLATION [ 60 MIN ]
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET
THREE.
然而我虽然自有无端的悲哀，却也并不愤懑。因为这经验使我反省，看见自己了：是我决不是一个振臂一呼应者云集的英雄。
只是我自己的寂寞是不可不驱除的，因为这于我太痛苦。我于是用了种种法，来麻醉自己的灵魂，使我沉人于国民中，使我回到古代去，后来也亲历或旁观过几样更寂寞更悲哀的事，都为我所不愿追怀，甘心使他们和我的脑一同消灭在泥土里的，但我的麻醉法却也似乎已经奏了功，再没有青年时候的慷慨激昂的意思了。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the underlined part of the following text into Chinese.
Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees. It is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep spring of life.
Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60, more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows merely by the number of years;we grow old by deserting our ideas. Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.
Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childfike appetite f what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart, and my heart there is a wireless station;so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope cheer, courage and power from men and from infinite, so long as you are young.
PART VI WRITING [ 45 MIN ]
Undoubtedly, our world has changed a lot with the development of science andtechnology. Some peoplethink that technology has made the world a better place to live. Do you agree or disagree with this? Write an essayof about 400 words to state your view on the following topic:
Has Technology Made the World a Better Place to Live?
In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your mare argument, andin the second part you shouldsupport your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bringwhat you have written to anatural conclusion or make a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.Failure to follow the aboveinstructions may result in a loss of marks.
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.
ANSWER SHEET ONE
PART 1 LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
Complete the gap-filling task Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREEwords. Make sure theword(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.
Introduction to English Synonyms
L.The reason for the ( 1 )_of English language
By constantly incorporating words from other languages through centuries
Ⅱ. The gradual incorporation of English words
1) Before. 1066: Anglo-Saxon words
2)Alter 1066: words were borrowed from French, connected with food, clothing,law,(2)_and organization, etc.
3) In the Renaissance: a great influx of words of (3)_ origin
4) In modem times: the vocabulary were expanded by people’s (4)__
5) (5)-vastly added to English vocabulary, e.g. jeep, railroad, fall, gasoline etc.
Ⅲ. Different kinds of synonyms
1) synonyms from (6)-but referring to the same thing, e.g. foreword, preface, introduction
2) synonyms referring to (7) _ of the same kind of thing, e.g. plain, prairie, tundra
3) synonyms having different degree of (8)__,e.g. teach, educate, instruct, school, tutor
4) synonyms implying different (9)_among the participants, e.g. accompany, escort, attend
5) synonyms having different degree of formality, e.g. luncheon vs lunch, go to bed vs hit the sack
IV. Conclusion
Correct choice of words is very important to the (10)_expression.
【试题解析】
1．Richness。本题的出题点在因果关系处(dueto)。题干意为“几个世纪以来，不断吸收其他语言的词汇是英语_____的原因。”讲座中提到This richness is due to the fact that the English language has grown over the centuries by constantly incorporating words from other languages，故得答案richness。
2．social rank。本题的出题点在排比举例处。题干句意为“l066年以后，英语开始吸收法语词汇，涉及食物、 衣服、法律、______和体制等。”讲座中提至1]After the Norman Conquest，the English vocabulary WaS doubled by the addition of French words．．．words connected with food．．．clothin9．．．1aw．．．and words connected with social rank and organization such as prince，duke，mayor,etc．，故得答案social rank。
3．Latin and Greek。本题的出题点在专有名词处(Renaissance)。题干问文艺复兴时期，什么词汇又被纳入了英语中。讲座中提到With the enormous expansion ofclassical learning in the Renaissance．there WaSa great influx ofwords ofLatin and Greek origin into the English language，由此可知在文艺复兴时期，源于拉丁语和希腊语的单词也融入了英语中，故得答案Latin and Greek。
4．adventures。本题的出题点在关键词处(modemtimes)。题干问现代英语的词汇量是通过什么来扩大的。讲座中提到As some English—speaking people traded and traveled around the world in modem times in Europe，North America，India,Australia,Africa,their adventures also expanded the vocabulary，由此可知，现在一些说英语的人到其他国家经商和旅游，他们的冒险活动扩大了英语的词汇量，故得答案adventures。
5．American English。本题的出题点在递进处(Furthermore)。题干问最后一种有助于扩充英语词汇量的方式是什么。讲座中提到Furthermore，the United States，as a separate nation with its own life and character and institutions，has added vasay tO the English Vocabulary…American words and phrases have gained recognition andprestige everywhere，由此可知，作为一个独立的国家，美国拥有自己独特的生活方式、特色和制度，
随着美国对世界zz、科学、产业、艺术等领域的影响力越来越大，美国英语也得到了世界的认可，大大地扩充了英语的词汇量，故得答案American English。
6．different origins。本题考查重要细节。讲座中提到Some groups of synonyms are just words ofdifferent origins but refer t0 the same thing，故得答案different origins。
7．geographical variants。本题的出题点在举例处(1ike)。讲座中提到Some groups，like plain，prairie，tundra，refer to geographical variants ofthe same kind ofthing，故得答案geographical variants。
8．abstraction。本题的出题点在举例处(1ike)。讲座中提至Other groups of synonyms，like teach，educate，instruct，school，tutor，differ from one another principally in degrees of abstraction，故得答案abstraction。题干是用形容词different替换了原文的动词differ。
9．relationships。本题的出题点在转折处(but)。讲座中提到Some groups ofwords describe the same actions．but imply different relationships among the parties concemed。题干中的among the participants等同于原文中的among the parties concerned，故得答案relationships。
10．clear and accurate。本题考查对细节的理解。讲座中提到Nothing is so important to clear and accurate expression as the ability to distinguish between words ofsimilar，but not identical meanin9，由此可知，词汇的选择对清楚准确的表达很重要，故得答案clear and accurate。
【试题解析】
1．C。本题的出题点在人物观点处(Ithink)。本题是问要做一个好的访谈者什么最重要，听音重点在a good interviewer处。对话中主持人问Michael女l何辨别一个人能否成为好的访谈者，Michael说他认为一位好的访谈者必备的条件是他要对受访者有好奇心，题干中的essential对应原文中的prerequisite，故得答案C。
2．D。本题的出题点在因果关系处(because)。本题是问Michael为什么要等重新看一遍访谈才能知道它的好坏，听音重点在watch…back处。对话中主持人问Michael当他做访谈的时候，如何能知道这个访谈是好还是不好，Michael说他在直播的时候是不知道好坏的，必须得回头重看一遍才能知道，因为节目的效果在很大程度上取决于导演在拍摄时捕捉的镜头，故选D。
3．C。本题的出题点在对话问答处。本题是问Michael女l何能挖掘出受访者最精彩的方面，听音重点在’bfing out the best处。对话中主持人问Michael如何能挖掘出受访者最精彩的方面，因为他似乎不仅能帮助他们放松，而且还能触及他们的内心深处，Michael回答说，“通过调查研究(byresearch)”，故选C。
4．B。本题的出题点在因果关系处(because)。题干问以下四项关于Michael在做访谈时的说法，哪项是对的，根据选项可判断听音重点在list ofquestions处。对话中主持人问Michael是否会按照一个已经写好的问题列表来进行访谈，Michaet说不是，他自己的list ofquestions并不是这样一个个写好的问题，而是大致的话题领域，因为受访者往往会谈到主持人之前并未想到的内容，故选80 Michael只是说做访谈节目就像指挥交通一样(交警指挥着交通，而主持人引导着谈话内容)，并不是C项所说的将谈话的主动权交给受访者，故可排除该项。对话中Michael提到My list ofquestions area’t questions as such．They’re
areas that I block out…，可见他并不是没有问题列表，只是问题比较概括而已。
5．A。本题的出题点在人物观点处(I think)0题干问Michael如何看待访谈者这份职业，听音重点在career处。对话中主持人问Michael!cl何鼓励打算从事访谈工作的年轻人，Michael说如果让他再选择一次的话他还是会选择这一职业，对于那些有天赋、有抱负、有活力的年轻人来说，这是一份相当好的职业，故选A。
【试题解析】
11．D。本题的出题点在连接词处(notuntil)。第四段第一句提到，直到附近地里的拖拉机开始工作，保罗才意识到自己其实离冰雪覆盖的环境很远，由此推断，是拖拉机的声音把保罗吵醒了，故选D。第二段最后一句提到，阳光、蚱蜢和蚂蚁都没有唤醒保罗，由此可排除A、B；第三段首句提到，甚至当一只苍蝇开始在他脸上爬时他也没有睁开眼睛，由此可排除C。
12．A。本题的出题点在细节描写处0第二段第五句提到，一只蚂蚁正忙着探索保罗被晒黑的手腕这一未知的领域，由此可见，在蚂蚁的视角中，保罗的手腕是一片有待探索的新领域，故选A。
13．C。本题的出题点在对比处。由第三、四段可知，保罗的梦境和他所处的真实环境一个极冷一个极热，但是都潜藏着很多困难，需要勇气才能度过，两者的不同之处在于梦境是aviewofunearthlybeauty(不同寻常的美)，而现实只是luxuriating in warmth(沉浸在炎热之中)，故选C，“提供了有价值的观点”在文中并未体现。
14．C。本题考查重要细节。第三段第四句提到，保罗带领一队登山者朝山顶攀登，那座山迄今从未被人类征服过，由此推断，他们如果成功登上山顶，将是第一批到达那里的人，故C正确。如此一来，登上此山自然是一个巨大的挑战，故排除A；第四句前半句提到，该山非常陡峭，可见攀登会很危险，第五句也提到一不小心就会掉下去，所以排除8；第六句提到了保罗在山上看到的美景，但也提到他专注于登山，根本无暇顾及美景，故排除D。
15．B。本题考查写作手法。文章前两段描述了保罗周围的环境；第三段描述了保罗在梦境中攀登雪山的情形；最后两段描述了保罗醒来后看到的现实场景。综合可知，文章的体裁应为描写文，故选B。
