2014年GRE考试精选练习题(第一套)-外语试题-考试试题大全

SECTION 1

Time –30 minutes

38 Questions

1.While scientists dismiss as fanciful the idea of sudden changes in a genetic code (spontaneous mutation), it　is possible that nature, like some master musician,---- on occasion, departing from the expected or　predictable.

(A) repeats

(B) improvises

(D) corrects

(E) harmonizes

2. Despite the ---- of time, space, and history, human　societies the world over have confronted the same　existential problems and have come to remarkably---- solutions, differing only in superficial details.

(A) continuity.. identical

(B) uniformity.. diverse

(D) contingencies.. similar

(E) exigencies.. unique

3. Although he was known to be extremely ---- in his　public behavior, scholars have discovered that his　diaries were written with uncommon ----.

(A) reserved.. frankness

(B) polite.. tenderness

(D) reticent.. vagueness

(E) withdrawn.. subtlety

4. With the ---- of scientific knowledge, work onthe new edition of a textbook begins soon aftercompletion of the original.

(A) limitation (B) culmination (C) veneration (D) certainty (E) burgeoning

5. She is most frugal in matters of business, but in her　private life she reveals a streak of ----.

(A) antipathy

(B) misanthropy

(D) equanimity

(E) prodigality

6. If the state government’s latest budget problems　were ----, it would not be useful to employ them as　----examples in the effort to avoid the inevitable　effects of shortsighted fiscal planning in the future.

(A) typical.. representative

(B) exceptional.. aberrant

(D) predictable.. helpful

(E) solvable.. insignificant

7. Just as some writers have ---- the capacity of　language to express meaning, Giacometti ---- the　failure of art to convey reality.

(A) scoffed at .. abjured

(B) demonstrated.. exemplified

(D) proclaimed.. affirmed

(E) despaired of .. bewailed

8. WALLET: MONEY::

(A) bank: vault

(B) suitcase: clothing

(D) wealth: prestige

(E) envelope: stamp

9. INSTRUMENTALIST: SYMPHONY::

(A) author: drama

(B) photographer: cinema

(D) artist: painting

(E) dancer: ballet

10. PLATEAU: CHANGE:

(A) respite: activity

(B) asylum: security

(D) interval: time

(E) lull: rest

11. ISTHMUS: LAND::

(A) peninsula: island

(B) canal: river

(D) strait: water

(E) tunnel: mountain

12. EMBARGO: COMMERCE::

(A) abstention: election

(B) strike: lockout

(D) quarantine: contact

(E) blockade: port

13. DILATORY: PROCRASTINATE::

(A) recalcitrant: comply

(B) malcontent: complain

(D) inept: modify

(E) credulous: learn

14. NOMINAL: SIGNIFICANCE::

(A) titular: honor

(B) ephemeral: brevity

(D) anomalous: distinction

(E) disjunctive: unity

15. PLAGIARISM: IDEAS::

(A) libel: words

(B) forgery: documents

(D) kidnapping: ransom

(E) rustling: cattle

16. POLITIC: OFFEND::

(A) distressing: terrify

(B) aloof: associate

(D) vacuous: deplete

(E) trivial: bore

For many years, Benjamin Quarles’ seminal

account of the participation of African Americans in the

American Revolution has remained the standard work

in the field. According to Quarles, the outcome of this

conflict was mixed for African American slaves who

enlisted in Britain’s fight against its rebellious

American colonies in return for the promise of freedom:

the British treacherously resold many into slavery in the

West Indies, while others obtained freedom in Canada

and Africa. Building on Quarles’ analysis of the latter

group, Sylvia Frey studied the former slaves who

emigrated to British colonies in Canada. According to

Frey, these refugees-the most successful of the African

American Revolutionary War participants-viewed

themselves as the ideological heirs of the American

Revolution. Frey sees this inheritances reflected in their

demands for the same rights that the American

revolutionaries had demanded from the British: land

ownership, limits to arbitrary authority and burdensome

taxes, and freedom of religion.

17.According to the passage, which of the following

is true about the African American Revolutionary

War participants who settled in Canada after the

American Revolution? (A) Although they were politically unaligned with

either side, they identified more with British

ideology than with American ideology.

(B) While they were not immediately betrayed by

the British, they ultimately suffered the same

fate as did African American Revolutionary.

War participants who were resold into slavery

in the West Indies.

because of the greater religious freedom

available in Canada.

(D) They were more politically active than were

African American Revolutionary War participants

who settled in Africa.

(E) They were more successful than were African

American Revolutionary War participants who

settled Africa.

18.Which of the following is most analogous to the

relationship between the African American

Revolutionary War participants who settled in

Canada after the American Revolution and the

American revolutionaries, as that relationship is

described in the passage? (A) A brilliant pupil of a great musician rebels

against the teacher, but adopts the teacher’s

musical style after the teacher’s unexpected

death.

(B) Two warring rulers finally make peace after a

lifetime of strife when they realize that they

have been duped by a common enemy.

parent against a defiant sibling later makes

demands of the parent similar to those once

made by the sibling.

(D) A writer spends much of her life popularizing

the work of her mentor, only to discover late in

life that much of the older writer’s work is

plagiarized from the writings of a foreign

contemporary.

(E) Two research scientists spend much of their

careers working together toward a common

goal, but later quarrel over which of them should

receive credit for the training of a promising

student.

19. The author of the passage suggests that which of the

following is true of Benjamin Quarles’ work?

(A) It introduced a new and untried research method-

ology.

(B) It contained theories so controversial that they

gave rise to an entire generation of scholarship

displaced by subsequent scholarship. (D) It launched the career of a scholar who later wrote

even more important works.

(E) At the time it appeared, its author already enjoyed

a well-established reputation in the field.

20.Which of the following can be inferred from the　passage concerning Britain’s rule in its Canadian

colonies after the American Revolution?

(A) Humiliated by their defeat by the Americans, the British sharply curtailed civil rights in their Canadian　colonies.

(B) The British largely ignored their Canadian　colonies.

(C) The British encouraged the colonization of Canada　by those African Americans who had served on　the American side as well as by those who hadserved on the British side.

(D) Some of Britain’s policies in its Canadian colonies　were similar to its policies in its American colo-　nies before the American Revolution.

(E) To reduce the debt incurred during the war, the　British imposed even higher taxes on the Cana-　dian colonists than they had on the American　colonists.

Over the years, biologists have suggested two main

pathways by which sexual selection may have shaped the

evolution of male birdsong. In the first, male competition

and intrasexual selection produce relatively short, simple

songs used mainly in territorial behavior. In the second,

female choice and intersexual selection produce longer,

more complicated songs used mainly in mate attraction;

like such visual ornamentation as the peacock’s tail, elabo-

rate vocal characteristics increase the male’s chances of

being chosen as a mate, and he thus enjoys more repro-

ductive success than his less ostentatious rivals. The two

pathways are not mutually exclusive, and we can expect to

find examples that reflect their interaction. Teasing them

apart has been an important challenge to evolutionary biol-

ogists.

Early research confirmed the role of intrasexual selection.

In a variety of experiments in the field, males responded

aggressively to recorded songs by exhibiting territorial

behavior near the speakers. The breakthrough for research

into intersexual selection came in the development of a new

technique for investigating female response in the labor-

atory. When female cowbirds raised in isolation in sound-

proof chambers were exposed to recordings of male song,

they responded by exhibiting mating behavior. By quanti-

fying the responses, researchers were able to determine

what particular features of the song were most important.

In further experiments on song sparrows, researchers found

that when exposed to a single song type repeated several

times or to a repertoire of different song types, females

responded more to the latter. The beauty of the experi-

mental design is that it effectively rules out confounding

variables; acoustic isolation assures that the female can

respond only to the song structure itself.

If intersexual selection operates as theorized, males with

more complicated songs should not only attract females

more readily but should also enjoy greater reproductive

success. At first, however, researchers doing fieldwork with

song sparrows found no correlation between larger reper-

toires and early mating, which has been shown to be one

indicator of reproductive success; further, common measures

of male quality used to predict reproductive success, such

as weight, size, age, and territory, also failed to correlate

with song complexity.

The confirmation researchers had been seeking was

finally achieved in studies involving two varieties of war-

blers. Unlike the song sparrow, which repeats one of its

several song types in bouts before switching to another, the

warbler continuously composes much longer and more vari-

able songs without repetition. For the first time, researchers

found a significant correlation between repertoire size and

early mating, and they discovered further that repertoire

size had a more significant effect than any other measure

of male quality on the number of young produced. The evi-

dence suggests that warblers use their extremely elaborate

songs primarily to attract females, clearly confirming the

effect of intersexual selection on the evolution of birdsong.

21. The passage is primarily concerned with (A) showing that intrasexual selection has a greater

effect on birdsong than does intersexual selection

(B) contrasting the role of song complexity in several

species of birds

tionship between intersexual selection and the

complexity of birdsong

(D) demonstrating the superiority of laboratory work

over field studies in evolutionary biology

(E) illustrating the effectiveness of a particular

approach to experimental design in evolutionary

biology 22.The author mentions the peacock’s tail in line 8 most

probably in order to (A) cite an exception to the theory of the relationship

between intrasexual selection and male compe-

tition (B) illustrate the importance of both of the pathways

that shaped the evolution of birdsong

intersexual selection (D) give an example of a feature that may have

evolved through intersexual selection by female

choice (E) refute a commonly held assumption about the role

of song in mate attraction 23.According to the passage, which of the following is

specifically related to intrasexual selection? (A) Female choice (B) Territorial behavior (C) Complex song types (D) Large song repertoires (E) Visual ornamentation

24.Which of the following, if true, would most clearly

demonstrate the interaction mentioned in lines 11-13? (A) Female larks respond similarly both to short,

simple songs and to longer, more complicated

songs.

(B) Male canaries use visual ornamentation as well as

elaborate song repertoires for mate attraction.

rate visual and vocal characteristics.

(D) Male jays use songs to compete among themselves

and to attract females.

(E) Male robins with elaborate visual ornamentation

have as much reproductive success as rivals with

elaborate vocal characteristics. 25. The passage indicates that researchers raised female

cowbirds in acoustic isolation in order to (A) eliminate confounding variables

(B) approximate field conditions

(D) quantify repertoire complexity

(E) prevent early mating

26. According to the passage, the song sparrow is unlike

the warbler in that the song sparrow

(A) uses songs mainly in territorial behavior

(B) continuously composes long and complex songs

(D) repeats one song type before switching to another

(E) responds aggressively to recorded songs

27.The passage suggests that the song sparrow experiments

mentioned in lines 37-43 failed to confirm the role

of intersexnal selection because

(A) females were allowed to respond only to the

song structure (B) song sparrows are unlike other species of birds (C) the experiments provided no evidence that

elaborate songs increased male reproductive

success (D) the experiments included the songs of only a small

number of different song sparrows (E) the experiments duplicated some of the limitations

of previous field studies

28. STRINGENT:

(A) lax

(B) elusive

(D) evident

(E) vast

29. INTERIM:

(A) obscure

(B) permanent

(D) resolute

(E) secure

30. SCATHING:

(A) easily understood

(B) politely cooperative

(D) calmly complimentary

(E) strongly partisan

31. CAPITULATE:

(A) enjoin

(B) resist

(D) consider carefully

(E) appraise critically

32. RECONSTITUTE:

(A) detail

(B) invent

(D) conform

(E) dehydrate

33. REPUTE:

(A) lack of caution

(B) lack of knowledge

(D) lack of generosity

(E) lack of distinction

34. TAME:

(A) resolute

(B) ruinous

(D) erratic

(E) experienced

35. INDURATE:

(A) soften

(B) puncture

(D) immure

(E) exchange

36. PROLIXITY:

(A) succinctness

(B) profundity

(D) complacency

(E) cleverness

37. CALLOW:

(A) displaying keen intelligence

(B) behaving with adult sophistication

(D) showing foresight

(E) deciding quickly

38. FRIABLE:

(A) not easily crumbled

(B) not easily torn

(D) not easily eroded

(E) not easily punctured

SECTION 2

Time –30 inutes

25 Questions

1.The ancient Greek playwright Euripides followed the　established conventions of verse composition less rig-　orously at the end of his career than at the beginning.

Since the lines from a recently discovered Euripideanplay adhere to those conventions as rigorously as do　lines from Euripides’ early plays, the recently discovered play must have been composed early in Euripides’　career.

Which of the following is an assumption made in the　argument?

(A) All of Euripides’ plays were written in verse.

(B) Euripides did not write any plays late in his　career in which he imitated the style of his　early plays.

(D) Late in his career, Euripides was the only　playwright of his day who consciously broke with the established conventions of verse composition.

(E) Ancient playwrights tended to be less willing to　violate certain conventions early in their　careers than they were later in their careers?

2.In the United States, average fuel efficiency of　newly manufactured domestic cars, although　remaining worse than that of newly manufactured　imported cars, substantially improved between 1983　and 1988. Average fuel efficiency of new domestic　cars has not improved since, but the difference in　average fuel efficiencies of new domestic cars and　new imported cars has steadily decreased.　If the statements above are true, which of the　following must also be true on the basis of them?

(A) Average fuel efficiency of domestic cars manufactured after 1988 was better than that of imported cars manufactured before 1988.

(B) Average fuel efficiency of newly manufactured　domestic cars has steadily worsened since 1988.

(D) Average fuel efficiency of newly manufactured　imported cars has steadily improved since 1983.

(E) Average fuel efficiency of imported cars manu-　factured in 1983 was better than that of　imported cars manufactured in 1988.

Questions 3-8

In order to remodel a kitchen, exactly six major tasks—　installing appliances, plumbing, refinishing, sanding,　tiling, and wallpapering―are to be done over six con-　secutive days―numbered 1 through 6. The order of the　tasks is governed by the following conditions：　Exactly one task must be done each day.　Refinishing must be done on the day after sanding is done.　Installing appliances and tiling must each be done on　some day after the day on which plumbing is done.　Wallpapering must be done on some day after the day　on which refinishing is done.

3.Which of the following is an acceptable order in　which the tasks can be done on days 1 through 6?

(A) Installing appliances, sanding, refinishing,　wallpapering, plumbing, tiling

(B) Plumbing, installing appliances, wallpapering,　sanding, refinishing, tiling

(D) Sanding, plumbing, installing appliances,　refinishing, tiling, wallpapering

(E) Sanding, refinishing, tiling, wallpapering,　plumbing, installing appliances

4.The latest day on which plumbing can be done is day

(A) 1

(B) 2

(D) 4

(E) 5

5.If sanding is done on day 1, then wallpapering

CANNOT be done on day

(A) 2

(B) 3

(D) 5

(E) 6

6.If tiling is done on day 2 and installing appliances is

done on day 5, which of the following are the tasks

that must be done on days 1 and 6, respectively?

(A) Plumbing, refinishing

(B) Plumbing, wallpapering

(D) Sanding, wallpapering

(E) Wallpapering, sanding

7.If plumbing is done on day 1 and wallpapering is

done on day 5, which of the following can be the

tasks that are done on days 2 and 6, respectively?

(A) Refinishing, tiling

(B) Sanding, installing appliances

(D) Tiling, refinishing

(E) Tiling, sanding

8.If tiling is done on day 3, which of the following

must be done on day 2?

(A) Installing appliances

(B) Plumbing

(D) Sanding

(D) Wallpapering

　　Questions 9-10 are based on the following graph.

9. It can be properly concluded from the graph that

(A) the drought beginning after 1981 affected crops　to a similar degree in the four countries

(B) a country can withstand a severe famine without　a substantial increase in mortality

(C) a substantial decline in production of food per　person in a country does not necessarily result　in famine and increased deaths

(D) the drought was more severe in the four countries　by 1984 than it had been in 1982

(E) there is no way to differentiate between countries that will and countries that will not suffer severe famine when food production drops sharply

10.Which of the following, if true, contributes most to　an explanation of differences in the presence of　famine that are shown on the graph?

(A) The drought that began in 1981 was more severe　in the countries of Botswana and Zimbabwe　than in Sudan and Ethiopia.

(B) Before the drought, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Botswana were exporters of their major food crops,　including grain, but Zimbabwe was not an　exporter of its major food crops.

(C) During 1979-1984, the population of Botswana　and Zimbabwe combined was less than the　population of either Sudan or Ethiopia.

(D) At the beginning of the drought, surplus foodstocks in Sudan and Botswana were larger,　relative to population, than in Ethiopia and　Zimbabwe.

(E) Popular demand for relief elicited a prompt response from the governments of Botswana　and Zimbabwe, because they were democracies,　but not from the nondemocratic governments　of Sudan and Ethiopia.

11. Between 1970 and 1980, energy consumption by　United States industry peaked and then declined, so　that by 1980 total industrial use of energy was belothe 1970 level even though total industrial output　had grown substantially in the same period. Industry　must have instituted highly effective energy conser-　vation measures in those years to have achieved such　impressive results.　Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion of the argument?

(A) Many industries switched to the greatest extent　possible from high-priced oil to lower-priced　alternatives throughout the 1970’s.

(B) Total residential energy consumption was higher　in the United States in 1980 than it had been　in 1970

(D) Industrial output grew less rapidly from 1970 to　1980 than it had from 1960 to 1970.

(E) The industries whose production dropped sharply　during the 1970’s included a disproportionately　large number of energy-intensive industries.

12.Many people acquire software programs for their

home computers by illegally copying those programs

rather than purchasing them. People who own home

computers must be making, on average, fewer illegal

copies of software programs than before, however,

since the average number of software programs that

people purchase to use on their home computers has

increased substantially over the past five years.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the

argument?

(A) The number of home computers in use has

increased substantially over the past five years.(B) Five years ago, about half of the software pro-

grams used on home computers had been

illegally copied rather than purchased.(C) Most people who have home computers use

their computers more frequently the longer

they have them.(D) Few people who prefer to copy computer

software programs illegally cannot copy the

software programs they want because they

have no acquaintances who have those

software programs.(E) On average, people with home computers have

the same number of software programs today as

people with home computers did five years ago.

Questions 13-17

Exactly seven detectives―G, H, J, K, M, O, and P—

will investigate two cases—case 1 and case 2. Each of

the seven detectives will investigate exactly one of the

two cases. Four of the detectives will investigate case 1,

and three of the detectives will investigate case 2. Detec-

tives will be assigned to cases in accordance with the

following conditions：

G cannot investigate the same case that J investigates.Whichever case K investigates must also be the case

that M investigates.H must investigate case 1.

13. Which of the following is an acceptable assignment

of the detectives to the two cases? Case 1 Case 2(A) G, H, J, P K, M, O (B) G, K, M, O H, J, P (C) H, J, O G, K, M, P (D) H, J, K, M G, O, P (E) H, J, K, P G, M, O

14.If J investigates the same case that P investigates,

which of the following detectives must investigate

the same case that K investigates? (A) G (B) H (C) J (D) O (E) P

15.If O investigates case 2, which of the following must

also investigate case 2?

(A) G

(B) J

(D) M

(E) P

16.If J investigates case 2, which of the following is a

pair of detectives who must investigate the same

case as each other? (A) G and H (B) G and P (C) H and O (D) J and K (E) J and M

17.Any of the following can be true EXCEPT：

(A) G investigates the same case that H investigates.

(B) H investigates the same case that M investigates.

(D) J investigates case 1.

(E) P investigates case 2.

Questions 18-22

Each year, a gardener will plant five kinds of vegetables—　F, G, J, K, and M, not necessarily in that order—in a　garden consisting of five parallel, adjacent rows, numbered　consecutively 1 through 5. One kind of vegetable will be　planted per row each year according to the following rules：　K cannot be planted in the same row in any two　successive years.If J is planted in a given row in one year, M must be　planted in that row the next year.Because of nutrient requirements, F and M cannot in　any year be planted in rows that are adjacent to each　other.In any year, J must be planted in a row that is adjacent　to the row in which G is planted.

18.Which of the following is an acceptable plan for　planting in the first year the garden is planted, with　the kinds of vegetables in order from row 1 throughrow 5?

(A) F, G, J, M, K (B) G, M, J, K, F (C) J, K, M, G, F (D) K, J, G, M, F (E) M, G, K, J, F

19.If in a given year the order of the vegetables planted,　from row 1 through row 5, is K, F, G, J, M, then in　the next year. F must be planted in row

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

20.Which of the following must be true in a year in　which G is planted in row 5?

(A) F is planted in row 1.(B) J is planted in row 3.(C) K is planted in row 2.

(D) M is planted in row 1.

(E) M is planted in row 3.

21.If M is to be planted in row 5 in the second year the　garden is planted, then which of the following must　be planted in row 4 in the first year?

(A) F (B) G (C) J (D) K(E) M

22.If in a given year J is planted in row 1, then in the　next year K can be planted in row

(A) 1 or 5 but cannot be planted in any other row

(B) 2 or 4 but cannot be planted in any other row

(D) 3 or 5 but cannot be planted in any other row

(E) 4 or 5 but cannot be planted in any other row

23.From a newspaper editorial：　Many people who are addicted to heroin will even-　tually attempt to overcome their addiction, prin-　cipally for two reasons：the expense of maintaining　a heroin addiction and the fear of arrest. If heroin were legalized and made available cheaply, as some　people advocate, neither of these reasons would　apply The considerations above can best serve as part of an　argument that

(A) legalizing the sale of heroin would cause the　price of this drug to go down

(B) making it easier for heroin addicts to obtain　treatment for their addiction would encourage　many heroin addicts to attempt to overcome　their addiction

(C) legalizing the sale of heroin would increase the　number of crimes committed by heroin addicts　to support their addiction

(D) making heroin available legally and cheaplywould make it less likely that heroin addicts will attempt to overcome their addiction

(E) decreasing the severity of penalties for individuals　who use heroin would not increase the number　of new heroin addicts

24.Stem borers are insect pests that often ruin NorthAmerican corn crops. On some other continents, crop

damage by stem borers is controlled by a certain

species of wasp. Since these wasps eat nothing but

stem borers, importing them into North America will

keep crop damage from stem borers under control

without endangering other North American insect

species. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? (A) Corn is the principal food of stem borers that

live on continents other than North America.(B) The wasps are capable of surviving in North

America long enough to eat significant

numbers of stem borers.(C) No wasp in North America is closely related to

the species of wasp that eats stem borers.

(D) On continent other than North America, the

wasps control stem borers more effectively

than does any other pest control measure.(E) Corn crops on continents other than North

America are not damaged by any insect pests

other than stem borers.

25.In the country of Laurelia, legal restrictions on the sale　of lock-picking equipment were relaxed ten years ago,　and since then Laurelia’s burglary rate has risen dramat-　ically. Hence, since legally purchased lock-picking　equipment was used in most burglaries, reintroducing　strict limits on the sale of this equipment would help to　reduce Laurelia’s burglary rate. Which of the following, if true, gives the strongest support to the argument?

(A) Laurelia’s overall crime rate has risen dramaticall　over the last ten years.

(B) There is wide popular support in Laurelia for the　reintroduction of strict limits on the sale of lock-　picking equipment.

(C) The reintroduction of strict limits on the sale of　lock-picking equipment in Laurelia would not　prevent legitimate use of this equipment by　police and other public safety officials.

(D) Most lock-picking equipment used in Laurelia is　fragile and usually breaks irreparably within a　few years of purchase.

(E) The introduction five years ago of harsher punishments for people convicted of burglary had little effect on Laurelia’s burglary rate.

SECTION 3

Time –30 minutes

30 Questions

2. The number of miles 10,000

the rocket travels in

2 hours

3. x y

0 < n <1

7. r v s t

A grocer buys apples at the regular price of 38 cents per pound.

8. The amount saved by The additional amount

the grocer on a pur- paid by the grocer on a

chase of 100 pounds purchase of 100 pounds

of apples if the price of apples if the price

per pound is x cents per pound is x cents

less than the regular more han the regular

price price

10. The area of square

region TUVW

11. The median of the positive integers l, m, n, r, and s is 10, where l < m < n < r < s.

O is the center of both circles.

12. The area of the The area of the

circular region shaded sector ROQ

with radius OP

13. The greatest possible 200

value of 25x – 12.5y

p, q, r, and s are the coordinates of

the points indicated on the number line.

14.

15.

16. If 3x 9y = 7x y. then 8y=

(A) 4x

(B) 6x

(D) 10x

(E) 12x

17. If the number of microbes in a test tube increases by 25 percent per day, how many microbes are there in the test tube at the end of a given day if the number of microbes at the end of the next day is 240,000 ?

(A) 180,000

(B) 192,000

(D) 288,000

(E) 300,000

18. The average (arithmetic mean) of five numbers is 88. Four of the numbers are 92, 89, 91.....84. What is the fifth number?

(A) 82

(B) 84

(D) 89

(E) 92

19. The scores reported for a certain multiple-choice test were derived by subtracting 1/3 of the number of wrong answers from the number of right answers. On a 40-question test, if none of the questions was omitted and the score reported was 20, how many wrong answers were there?

(A) 5

(B) 10

(D) 25

(E) 30

20. In the figure above, a – 2b =

(A)-10

(B)-8

(D) 8

(E) 10

21. Which program resulted in an increase in energy use instead of a decrease as projected?

(A) Program G

(B) Program J

(D) Program M

(E) Program R

22. For which Program were actual energy savings a closest to 3/4 of the projected savings?

(A) Program G

(B) Program H

(D) Program Q

(E) Program T

23. How many of the programs resulted in greater energy savings than were projected?

(A) One

(B) Three

(D) Five

(E) Eight

24. For which program was the ratio of actual energy savings to projected energy savings closest to 1?

(A) Program G

(B) Program K

(D) Program P

(E) It cannot be determined from the information given.

25. Actual energy savings for Program G were approximately what fraction of actual energy savings for Program T ?

(A) 1/5

(B) 1/4

(D) 5/3

(E) It cannot be determined from the information given

26. If x is the sum of seven consecutive odd integers beginning with 3 and y is the sum of seven consecutive odd integers beginning with 5, then y-x equals

(A) 2

(B) 7

(D) 12

(E) 14

27. If

, what is the value of y?

(A) 0

(B) 1

(D) 3

(E) 4

28. In a rectangular coordinate system, the set of all points (x, y) such that -2< x < 2 and -2 < y < 2 comprises

(A) two perpendicular line segments

(B) two parallel line segments

(D) a triangular region

(E) a square region

29. The figure above shows a rectangular play area in which one child stands at B while another child runs back and forth along the entire side AD. If the running child is in a position randomly located along side AD at a given time, what is the probability that the two children are at most 50 feet apart at that time?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E) 1

30. On a highway there is an electric pole every 96 feel. If the poles am numbered consecutively, what is the number of the pole 2 miles past pole number 56 ? (1 mile = 5,280 feet)

(A) 109

(B) 110

(D) 165

(E) 166

SECTION 4

Time –30 minutes

30 Questions

2. x – 10 y – 10

3. 10 percent of 25 percent 35 percent of

of $69.97 $69.97

5. x 50

7. The area of rectangular 84

region ABCD

M(r, s, t) denotes the average (arithmetic mean) of r, s, and t, and M(x, y) denotes the average of x and y.

8. M(70, 80, 90) M(x, 90) where

x =M(70,80)

9. The area of triangular The area of triangular

region ABC region ABC

10. |x| 4

11. xc y

Cylindrical tank X has radius 4 meters and height 3 meters. Cylindrical tank Y has radius 3 meters and height 4 meters.

12. The volume of tank X The volume of tank Y

13. y-x 1

O is the center of the circle.

PQ < OP

14. x 60

15.The mean of the The median of

45 scores the 45 scores

16. If the temperature of a compound increases at a constant rate of 15 degrees per minute, how many minutes does it take for the temperature of the compound to increase from 60 degrees to 300 degrees?

(A) 12

(B) 16

(D) 24

(E) 30

17. If

which of the following must be true?

(A) r = 0

(B) r = 6

(D) r = 2s

(E) r = 3s

18. If the edges of a 3-inch by 4-inch rectangular photograph were each lengthened by 50 percent, what would be the area. in square inches, of the enlarged rectangular photograph?

(A)18

(B)20

(D)27

(E)30

19. If

and

then y=

(A)1/6

(B)2/3

(D)3/2

(E)6

20. Three pumps, X, Y, and Z. removed water from a tank. Pump X removed 550 gallons, pump Y removed 1,250 gallons, and pump Z removed 1/3 of the total number of gallons removed by the three pumps combined. How many gallons of water did pump Z remove from the tank?

(A) 450

(B) 600

(D) 1,800

(E) 2,700

21. For the year after 1940 in which box office receipts were less than they were ten years before, what was the average admission charge?

(A)$0.53

(B)$0.69

(C)$1.55

(D)$2.69

(E)$4.75

22. Which of the following is closest to the ratio of the average admission charge in 1950 to that in 1990?

(A) 3:35:57 PM (B) (C) (D) (E)

23. Approximately how many admissions were paid in 1940 ?

(A)300,000

(B)1,800,000

(D)177,000,000

(E)3,000,000,000

24. What was the percent decrease in the number of farms from 1970 to 1990 ?

(A) 9%

(B) 21%

(D) 70%

(E) 90%

25. The average acreage per farm was approximately 140 in 1910 and 220 in 1950. The ratio of the total farmland acreage in 1910 to the total in 1950 was most nearly

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

26. A research scientist wants to study a certain attribute of dogs. It is estimated that approximately 5 percent of all dogs have this attribute. If the scientist wants to study a sample of N dogs having the attribute, approximately how many dogs should be screened in order to obtain the desired sample size?

(A) N/5

(B) 5N

(D) 105N.

(E) 120N

27. A square is inscribed in a circle. If the circle has radius 4. what is the perimeter of the square ?

(A) 8

(B)

(D) (E)

28. How many 3-digit integers, greater than 100. are there in which the sum of the digits equals 3?

(A) Three

(B) Four

(D) Nine

(E) Twelve

29. An equilateral triangle with perimeter p, a square and a semicircle were joined to form the figure shown above. What is the perimeter of this figure?

(A) 3p

(B) (C) (D) (E) 30. If x is percent more than y, then y is what percent less than x?

(A) 9%

(B) 10%

(E) 15%

SECTION 5Time –30 minutes

38 Questions

1. In spite of the fact that it is convenient to divide the

life span of animals into separate stages such as pre-

natal, adolescent, and senescent, these periods are not

really----. (A) advanced (B) variable (C) repeatable (D) connected (E) distinct

2. Although the number of reported volcanic eruptions

has risen exponentially since 1850, this indicates not

---- volcanic activity but rather more widespread

and ---- record keeping. (A) abating..detailed(B) increasing..systematic(C) substantial..erratic(D) stable..superficial(E) consistent..meticulous

3. The challenge of interpreting fictional works written

under politically repressive regimes lies in distin-

guishing what is ---- to an author’s beliefs, as

opposed to what is ---- by political coercion. (A) innate.. understood (B) organic.. imposed (C) contradictory.. conveyed (D) oblique.. captured

(E) peripheral.. demanded

4. I am often impressed by my own ---- other

people’s idiocies: what is harder to ---- is that they,

in their folly, are equally engaged in putting up with

mine. (A) analysis of.. justify (B) forbearance toward.. underestimate

(D) involvement in .. allow

(E) tolerance of .. appreciate

5. Despite vigorous protestations, the grin on the teen-

ager’s face ----her denial that she had known

about the practical joke before it was played on her

parents. (A) belied (B) illustrated (C) reinforced (D) exacerbated (E) trivialized

6. Far from undermining the impression of permanent

decline, the ---- statue seemed emblematic of its

---- surroundings. (A) indecorous.. opulent

(B) grandiose.. ramshackle

(D) ungainly.. elegant

(E) tawdry.. blighted

7. Despite the fact that it is almost universally ----,

the practice of indentured servitude still ---- in

many parts of the world.

(A) condemned… abates

(B) tolerated.. survives

(D) mandated.. lingers

(E) disdained.. intervenes

8. CANDY: SUGAR::

(A) chick: egg

(B) tire: rubber

(D) mushroom: spore

(E) rag: scrap

9. SCRIPT: DRAMA::

(A) theater: play

(B) movement: symphony

(D) map: town

(E) score: music

10. AMBIGUOUS: UNDERSTAND::

(A) veracious: defend

(B) blatant: ignore

(D) arcane: conceal

(E) plausible: believe

11. MERCURIAL: MOOD::

(A) callous: emotion

(B) doleful: energy

(D) whimsical: behavior

(E) unversed: experience

12. PRISTINE: DECAY::

(A) adequate: imprecision

(B) stable: fluctuation

(D) symmetric: flaw

(E) valid: exception

13. DIGRESS: EXCURSIVE::

(A) improvise: studied

(B) reiterate: redundant

(D) refute: plausible

(E) accede: contentious

14. PONTIFICATE: SPEAK::

(A) indoctrinate: preach

(B) impersonate: imitate

(D) soar: fly

(E) strut: walk

15. OFFICIOUS: MEDDLE::

(A) disaffected: rebel

(B) bustling: excel

(D) subservient: esteem

(E) acrimonious: soothe

16. ATTENUATE: THICKNESS::

(A) separate: substance

(B) ventilate: circulation

(D) transfer: location

(E) cool: temperature

An experiment conducted aboard Space Lab in 1983 was

the first attempt to grow protein crystals in the low-gravity

environment of space. That experiment is still cited as evi-

dence that growing crystals in microgravity can increase

crystal size: the authors reported that they grew lysozyme

protein crystals 1,000 times larger than crystals grown in

the same device on Earth. Unfortunately, the authors did

not point out that their crystals were no larger than the

average crystal grown using other, more standard tech-

niques in an Earth laboratory.

No research has yet produced results that could justify

the enormous costs of producing crystals on a large scale in

space. To get an unbiased view of the usefulness of micro-

gravity crystal growth, crystals grown in space must be

compared with the best crystals that have been grown with

standard techniques on Earth. Given the great expense of

conducting such experiments with proper controls, and the

limited promise of experiments performed thus far, it is

questionable whether further experiments in this area

should even be conducted.

17.According to the passage, which of the following

is true about the Space Lab experiment conducted in 1983?

(A) It was the first experiment to take place in the

microgravity environment of space.

(B) It was the first experiment in which researchers

in space were able to grow lysozyme protein

crystals greater in size than those grown on

Earth.

research in the field of microgravity protein

crystal growth.

(D) Its results are still considered by some to be

evidence for the advantages of microgravity

protein crystal growth.

(E) Its results are considered by many to be invalid

because nonstandard techniques were employed.

18.It can be inferred from the passage that the author

would find the Space Lab experiment more impressive

if which of the following were true?

(A) The results of the Space Lab experiment could be

replicated in producing other kinds of crystals in

addition to lysozyme protein.

(B) The device used in the experiment produced larger

crystals on Earth than it did in space.

ment exceeded the size of crystals grown in

Earth laboratories using standard techniques.

D)The cost of producing the crystals in space

exceeded that of producing them using standard

laboratory techniques.

(E) The standard techniques used in Earth laboratories

were modified in the Space Lab experiment due

to the effects of microgravity.

19.Which of the following can be inferred from the pas-

sage about the device used to grow crystals in the

Space Lab experiment?

(A) The device is more expensive to manufacture than

are the devices used in standard techniques in an

Earth laboratory.

(B) The device has not been used to grow crystals in

space since the Space Lab experiment of 1983.

much smaller than crystals grown in it in space.

(D) Crystals grown in the device in space have been

exceeded in size by crystals grown in subsequent

experiments in space using other devices.

(E) The experiments in which the device was used

were conducted with proper controls.

20.The passage suggests that the author would most prob-

ably agree with which of the following assessments of

the results of the Space Lab experiment?

(A) Although the results of the experiment are

impressive, the experiment was too limited in

scope to allow for definitive conclusions.

(B) The results of the experiment are impressive on

the surface, but the report is misleading.

confirm what researchers have long suspected.

(D) Because of design flaws, the experiment did not

yield any results relevant to the issue under

investigation.

(E) The results of the experiment are too contradictory

to allow for easy interpretation.

In 1923 the innovative Russian filmmaker Dziga Vertov

described filmmaking as a process that leads viewers toward

a "fresh perception of the world." Vertov’s description of

filmmaking should apply to films on the subject of art. Yet

films on art have not had a powerful and pervasive effect

on the way we see.

Publications on art flourish, but these books and articles

do not necessarily succeed in teaching us to see more deeply

or more clearly. Much writing in art history advances the

discourse in the field but is unlikely to inform the eye of

one unfamiliar with its polemics. Films, however, with their

capacity to present material visually and to reach a broader

audience, have the potential to enhance visual literacy (the

ability to identify the details that characterize a particular

style) more effectively than publications can. Unfortunately,

few of the hundred or so films on art that are made each

year in the United States are broadcast nationally on prime-

time television.

The fact that films on art are rarely seen on prime-time

television may be due not only to limitations on distribution

but also to the shortcomings of many such films. Some of

these shortcomings can be attributed to the failure of art

historians and filmmakers to collaborate closely enough

when making films on art. These professionals are able,

within their respective disciplines, to increase our aware-

ness of visual forms. For close collaboration to occur,

professionals in each discipline need to recognize that films

on art can be both educational and entertaining, but this

will require compromise on both sides.

A filmmaker who is creating a film about the work of

an artist should not follow the standards set by rock videos

and advertising. Filmmakers need to resist the impulse to

move the camera quickly from detail to detail for fear of

boring the viewer, to frame the image for the sake of drama

alone, to add music for fear of silence. Filmmakers are

aware that an art object demands concentration and, at the

same time, are concerned that it may not be compelling

enough―and so they hope to provide relief by interposing

"real" scenes that bear only a tangential relationship to the

subject. But a work of art needs to be explored on its own

terms. On the other hand, art historians need to trust that

one can indicate and analyze, not solely with words, but

also by directing the viewer’s gaze. The specialized written

language of art history needs to be relinquished or at least

tempered for the screen. Only an effective collaboration

between filmmakers and art historians can create films that

will enhance viewers’ perceptions of art.

21.The passage suggests that a filmmaker desiring to

enhance viewers’ perceptions of art should do which of

the following?

(A) Rely on the precise language of art history when

developing scripts for films on art.

(B) Rely on dramatic narrative and music to set a

film’s tone and style.

compelling enough to hold a viewer’s attention

(D) Depend more strongly on narration instead of

camera movements to guide the viewer’s gaze.

(E) Emphasize the social and the historical contexts

within which works of art have been created.

22.The author of the passage refers to Vertov in the first

paragraph most probably in order to

(A) provide an example of how films can be used to

influence perceptions

(B) present evidence to support the argument that

films have been used successfully to influence

viewers’ perceptions

viewers see

(D) contrast a traditional view of the uses of film

with a more modern view

(E) describe how film can change a viewer’s

perception of a work of art

23.Which of the following best describes the organization

of the passage?

(A) An observation about an unsatisfactory situation

is offered, the reasons for the situation are dis-

cussed, and then ways to change it are suggested.

(B) Two opinions regarding a controversial phenom-

enon are contrasted, supporting evidence for

each is presented, and then the two opinions are

reconciled.

criticism is answered, and then the criticism is

applied to another point of view.

(D) A point of view is described, evidence supporting

the view is provided, and then a summary is

presented.

(E) A strategy is presented, reasons for its past failure

are discussed, and then a recommendation that

will be abandoned is offered.

24.The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) discussing why film’s potential as a medium for

presenting art to the general public has not been

fully realized and how film might be made more

effective in this regard

(B) discussing the shortcomings of films on art and

the technological innovations required to increase

the impact of film on visual literacy

using films rather than publications to present

works of art to the general public

(D) presenting information to support the view that

films on art must focus more on education and

less on entertainment in order to increase visual

literacy

(E) presenting information to support the view that

films on art, because they reach a broader audi-

ence than many other kinds of media, have had

greater success in promoting visual literacy

25.The author would most likely agree with which of the

following statements about film and visual literacy?

(A) Reading a publication about a work of art and

then seeing a film about the same work is the

most effective way to develop visual literacy.

(B) An increase in a viewer’s awareness of visual

forms will also lead to an increased attention

span.

ity to increase viewers’ awareness of visual

forms.

(D) A film that focuses on the details of a work of art

will hinder the development of visual literacy.

(E) Films on art would more effectively enhance the

visual literacy of teenagers if filmmakers

followed the standards set by rock videos.

26.According to the passage, art historians desiring to

work with filmmakers to enhance the public’s appreci-

ation of art need to acknowledge which of the fol-

lowing?

(A) The art historian’s role in the creation of a film on

art is likely to be a relatively minor one.

(B) Film provides an ideal opportunity to acquaint

viewers with a wide range of issues that relate

incidentally to a work of art.

appropriate topic for a film on art.

(D) Although silence may be an appropriate back-

ground when viewing a work of art in a

museum, it is inappropriate in a film.

(E) Film can use nonverbal means to achieve some of

the same results that a spoken or written dis-

course can achieve.

　27.Which of the following would describe the author’s

most likely reaction to a claim that films on art would

more successfully promote visual literacy if they

followed the standards set for rock videos?

(A) Ambivalence

(B) Indifference

(D) Interest

(E) Disdain

28. ACCESSORY:

(A) insubordinate

(B) invisible

(D) of massive proportions

(E) of primary importance

29. CHAMPION:

(A) emulate

(B) disparage

(D) anticipate

(E) disappoint

30. DECADENCE:

(A) cheerfulness

(B) promptness

(D) wholesomeness

(E) carefulness

31. OPACITY:

(A) transparency

(B) smoothness

(D) elongation and thinness

(E) hardness and durability

32. MISGIVING:

(A) consistency

(B) certainty

(D) loyalty

(E) affection

33. HARANGUE:

(A) overtly envy

(B) intermittently forget

(D) speak temperately

(E) sacrifice unnecessarily

34. GERMANE:

(A) unproductive

(B) irregular

(D) irrelevant

(E) unsubstantiated

35. IMPUGN:

(A) rectify

(B) classify

(D) mollify

(E) chastise

36. INEXORABLE:

(A) discernible

(B) quantifiable

(D) inspiring

(E) revealing

37. RESTIVE:

(A) necessary

(B) interesting

(D) healthy

(E) deft

38. BAIT:

(A) perplex

(B) disarm

(D) release

(E) fortify

　　SECTION 6

Time –30 minutes

25 Questions

Questions 1-7

A professor of economics is writing a textbook that will

consist of eight chapters, numbered consecutively from 1

through 8, each of which will explain exactly one of eight

subjects：N, O, R, S, T, X, Y, and Z. No subject will be

explained in more than one chapter. Considerations of

background knowledge and relatedness between subjects

require that the order in which the eight subjects are

explained be subject to the following conditions：

N and O must be explained in two successive chapters,

not necessarily in that order.

R, S, and T must be explained in three successive

chapters, with S explained in an earlier chapter than

T is explained.

X, Y, and Z must be explained in three successive

chapters,with Z explained in an earlier chapter than

X is explained and in an earlier chapter than Y is

explained.

R must be explained in chapter 6.

1.Which of the following is an acceptably ordered list

of the subjects to be explained, in order from chapter 1

through chapter 8?

(A) N, O, Y, Z, X, R, S, T

(B) O, N, S, T, X, R, Y, Z

(D) Z, X, Y, S, T, R, N, O

(E) Z, X, Y, T, S, R, N, O

2.If O is explained in chapter 5, which of the following

could be true?

(A) S is explained in chapter 4.

(B) T is explained in chapter 7.

(D) Y is explained in chapter 1.

(E) Z is explained in chapter 3.

3.If S is explained in an earlier chapter than N is

explained, which of the following must be true?

(A) N is explained in chapter 7.

(B) O is explained in chapter 8.

(D) Y is explained in chapter 2.

(E) Z is explained in chapter 1.

4.If N is explained in the chapter immediately pre-

ceding the chapter in which Z is explained, which of

the following could be explained in chapter 5?

(A) N

(B) O

(D) T

(E) X

5.If T is not explained in chapter 5, which of the

following must be true?

(A) N is explained in chapter 3.

(B) O is explained in chapter 8.

(D) X is explained in chapter 2.

(E) Y is explained in chapter 4.

6.O can be explained in any of the following chapters

EXCEPT

(A) 2

(B) 3

(D) 5

(E) 7

7.If Y is explained in the chapter immediately pre-

ceding the chapter in which O is explained, which of

the following must be explained in chapter 5?

(A) N

(B) T

(D) Y

(E) Z

8.Salesperson：The picture tube is the central com-

ponent of any television, and Picturesque tele-

visions use the same high-quality picture tubes

as those used in TruVue televisions. Since you

pay a much lower price for a Picturesque, you

pay a lower price for a television with the same

picture quality when you buy a Picturesque

instead of a TruVue.

Which of the following is an assumption that, if

justified, would allow the conclusion of the sales-

person’s argument to be properly drawn?

(A) TruVue televisions are much more widely

advertised than are Picturesque televisions.

(B) The picture quality of a television is determined

solely by the quality of its picture tube.

each Picturesque television than on the sale of

each TruVue television.

(D) Many more Picturesque televisions are sold

each year than TruVue television.

(E) Picturesque televisions are assembled in the

same factory that assembles TruVue tele-

visions.

9. The claim that Civenia’s antismoking television

advertising campaign contributed significantly to the

steep decline in cigarette purchases in that province

during 1991 is best supported if which of the follow-

ing has been true about the province of

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