1.Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.

丑闻是有裨益的，因为它们让人们注意到一些问题，任何演说家和改革家都无法做到的。

2. Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive.

Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation’s cultural traditions are preserved and generated.

结论：政府需要给社会主要城市提供财政支持，来保证其繁荣发展。

原因：一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以传承和发展。

3. A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.

在进行大学教育以前，国家应该要求所有的学生学习统一的国家课程。