填空题
1. Dreams are ______in and of themselves, but, when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.
(A) uninformative
(B) startling
(C) harmless
(D) unregulated
(E) uncontrollable
翻译：尽管梦自身来说是不能提供信息的，但是当和其他数据结合的时候，它们能告诉我们很多关于做梦者的信息。
A不提供信息的
B令人吃惊的
C无害的
D无计划的，无规划的
E不可控制的
2. In most Native American cultures, an article used in prayer or ritual is made with extraordinary attention to and richness of detail: it is decorated more ______than a similar article intended for ______use.
(A) delicately...vocational
(B) colorfully...festive
(C) creatively...religious
(D) subtly...commercial
(E) lavishly...everyday
翻译：在很多美国本土文化中，祈祷或宗教仪式中使用的物件需要制作得格外小心而且有丰富的细节：和类似的在日常生活中使用的东西相比，它们的修饰更加丰富。
A精美地，雅致地……职业的
B多彩地……喜庆的
C有创造性地……宗教的
D精致地，技艺精湛地……商业的
E丰富地、大量地……日常的
3. The newborn human infant is not a passive figure, nor an active one, but what might be called an actively ______one, eagerly attentive as it is to sights and sounds
(A) adaptive
(B) selective
(C) inquisitive
(D) receptive
(E) intuitive
翻译：新生婴儿既不是被动的个体，也不是主动的个体，而应被称为一个主动的接受者，他们表现出对光和声音的急切关注。
A适应的
B选择的
C好奇的
D接受的，愿意接受的
E直觉的
4. Before about 1960, virtually all accounts of evolution assumed most adaptation to be a product of selection at the level of populations; recent studies of evolution, however, have found no ______this______view of selection.
(A) departures from....controversial
(B) basis for...pervasive
(C) bias toward...unchallenged
(D) precursors of...innovative
(E) criticisms of...renowned
翻译：在大约1960年前，几乎所有的关于进化的观点都把大多数适应认为是在当时群体数量水平基础上选择的产物，但是，近来对于进化的研究没有发现这种普遍的选择观点的基础。
A违背，背离……有争议的
B基础……普遍深入的
C偏见……没有争议的，未受挑战的
D先驱……革新的
E批评……有名的，著名的
5. In the machinelike world of classical physics, the human intellect appears______, since the mechanical nature of classical physics does not ______creative reasoning, the very ability that had made the formulation of classical principles possible.
(A) anomalous...allow for
(B) abstract...speak to
(C) anachronistic...deny
(D) enduring...value
(E) contradictory...exclude
翻译：在经典物理学机械化的世界中，人类的智商显得很不靠谱，因为经典物理学中机械化的本质不会允许创造性推理，而这恰恰是这种能力使得经典理论形成成为可能。
A不确定的……考虑，顾及
B抽象的……证明，申诉
C不合时宜的……否定
D持久的……评估
E对立的……排斥
6. Although Johnson ______great enthusiasm for his employees’ project, in reality his interest in the project was so______as to be almost non-existent.
(A) generated...redundant
(B) displayed...preemptive
(C) expected...indiscriminate
(D) feigned...perfunctory
(E) demanded...dispassionate
翻译：尽管约翰逊对于他的员工的计划假装表现出巨大的热情，但事实上他对这个计划的兴趣是非常冷漠的以至于几乎是等同于不存在的。
A产生……多余的
B显示……抢先的
C期望……不加辨别的
D假装……冷漠的，敷衍的
E需要……冷静的
7. Whereas the art critic Vasari saw the painting entitled the Mona Lisa as an original and wonderful ______feat, the reproduction of a natural object, the aesthetes saw it as______that required deciphering.
(A) collaborative...an aberration
(B) historical...a symbol
(C) technical...a hieroglyph
(D) mechanical...an imitation
(E) visual...an illusion
翻译：尽管艺术评论家瓦萨里认为蒙娜丽莎这幅画是一项独创的、具有辉煌技艺的壮举，它是对自然物体的一种再现。但是，审美学家却认为它是一个需要解码的象形文字。
A合作的……脱离常规，偏离
B历史的……符号
C技术的……图画文字，象形文字
D机械的……仿造物
E可视的……幻想，幻觉
阅读题
19. Jane: Television programs and movies that depict violence among teenagers are extremely popular. Given how influential these media are, we have good reason to believe that these depictions cause young people to engage in violent behavior. Hence, depictions of violence among teenagers should be prohibited from movies and television programs, if only in those programs and movies promoted to young audiences.
Maurice: But you are recommending nothing short of censorship! Besides which, your claim that television and movie depictions of violence cause violence is mistaken: violence among young people predates movies and television by centuries.
Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens Jane’s argument?
A. The most violent characters depicted in movies and on television programs are adult characters who are portrayed by adult actors.
B. The movies that have been shown to have the most influence on young people’s behavior are those that are promoted to young audiences.
C. The people who make the most profits in the movie and television industry are those who can successfully promote their work to both young and old audiences.
D. Many adolescents who engage in violent behavior had already displayed such behavior before they were exposed violence in movies.
E. Among the producers who make both movies and television programs, many voluntarily restrict the subject matter of films directed toward young audiences.
答案：B
思路：J说由于恶少们很多是被电影带坏的，所以带暴力的镜头应该除掉。要支持，就要建立连接，说这些电影对孩儿们影响太大了，所以选B。
A, 无关选项，成人角色原文没提过。
C, 无关选项，搞影视的大腕跟原文也没关系。
D, 削弱，说那帮小孩们从来就是暴力狂，跟影视没关系。
E, 比较模糊，说是制作人们比较自觉，一般都删掉暴力镜头，可以说无关，也可以说削弱，但是绝对不是加强。
20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
A. A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for the republic’s armed services in 1986 than in 1980.
B. Many of the high-technology systems used by the republic’s armed services can be operated only by individuals who have completed a high school education.
C. Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high school graduates among 18-year-olds recruited in the republic rose sharply.
D. Personnel of the republic’s armed services are strongly encouraged to finish their high school education.
E. The proportion of recruits who had completed at least two years of college education was greater in 1986 than in 1980.
参考答案：C
思路：题目的核心是要否定percentage of dropouts 与 percentage of recruitment的因果关系
A：典型的混淆相对数概念和绝对数概念，文中比较的是比率，选项给的是绝对数;
B：无关选项，和题目的核心比率没有太大关系。Tips: 注意many... only by.....这种表述。
C：正确，指出结论的错误属于false dilemma。
D：无关选项。此类错误属于false appeal。tips:注意.....(机构或人)strongly encourage something
E：无关选项，percentage of those completed college education和题目的核心比率没有太大关系。
21. Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’s psychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Beethoven’s hair. Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever had a venereal disease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused his deafness. Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease, if researchers find a trace of mercury in his hair, we can conclude that this hypothesis is correct.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian’s argument depends?
A. None of the mercury introduced into the body can be eliminated.
B. Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.
C. Mercury is an effective treatment for venereal disease.
D. Mercury poisoning can cause deafness in people with venereal disease.
E. Beethoven suffered from psychological problems of the same severity as Newton’s.
There should be 2 assumptions to support the hypothesis. The 1st assumption of the author is that only venereal disease will be treated by mercury in Beethoven’s time. The 2nd assumption is only some people in Beethoven’s time will ingest mercury, if all people ingest mercury, the evidence is not useful. So, some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury. The answer should be B.
A, E have nothing to do with the argument.
C is not necessary, ’Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease’ is enough.
D is wrong: according to the author, it is the venereal disease that will cause the deafness, not the mercury poison.
22. In 1992, a major newspaper circulated throughout North American paid its reporters an average salary paid by its principle competitors to their reporters. An executive of the newspaper argued that this practice was justified, since any shortfall that might exist in the reporters’ salaries is fully compensated by the valuable training they receive through their assignments.
Which one of the following, if true about the newspaper in 1992, most seriously undermines the justification offered by the executive?
A. Senior reporters at the newspaper earned as much as reporters of similar stature who worked for the newspaper’s principle competitors.
B. Most of the newspaper’s reporters had worked there for more than ten years.
C. The circulation of the newspaper had recently reached a plateau, after it had increased steadily throughout the 1980s.
D. The union that represented reporters at the newspaper was different from the union that represented reporters at the newspaper’s competitors.
E. The newspaper was widely read throughout continental Europe and Great Britain as well as North America.
参考答案：B
思路：否定low salaries is fully compensated by training
A：与结论无关
B：10年工作经验表示training的作用不大。
C：与结论无关。
D：与结论无关。
E：与结论无关。
评论：此题较难，只能用排除法作。正确选项也比较含糊，需要推理，这种题在gmat中出现的不多。
23. On a certain day, nine scheduled flights on Swift Airlines were canceled. Ordinarily, a cancellation is due to mechanical problems with the airplane scheduled for a certain flight. However, since it is unlikely that Swift would have the mechanical problems with more than one or two scheduled flights on a single day, some of the nine cancellations were probably due to something else.
The argument depends on which one of the following assumptions?
A. More than one or two airplanes were scheduled for the nine canceled flights.
B. Swift Airlines has fewer mechanical problems than do other airlines of the same size.
C. Each of the canceled flights would have been longer than the average flight on Swift Airlines.
D. Swift Airlines had never before canceled more than one or two scheduled flights on a single day.
E. All of the airplanes scheduled for the canceled flights are based at the same airport.
参考答案：A 采用取非法。
思路：否定More than one or two airplanes were scheduled for the nine canceled flights.将削弱作者的结论。
A：取非削弱
B：无关。
C：无关。
D：无关。
E：无关。
24. The interstitial nucleus, a sub-region of the brain’s hypothalamus, is typically smaller for male cats than for female cats. A neurobiologist performed autopsies on male cats who died from disease X, a disease affecting no more than .05 percent of male cats, and found that these male cats had interstitial nuclei that were as large as those generally found in female cats. Thus, the size of the interstitial nucleus determines whether or not male cats can contract disease X.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. No female cats have been known to contract disease X, which is a subtype of disease Y.
B. Many male cats that contract disease X also contract disease Z, the cause of which is unknown.
C. the interstitial nuclei of female cats who contact disease X are larger than those of female cats who do not contract disease X.
D. Of 1,000 autopsies on male cats that did not contract disease X, 5 revealed interstitial nuclei larger than those of the average male cat.
E. The hypothalamus is known not to be causally linked to disease Y, and disease X is a subtype of disease Y.
E is the best answer. Disease X is the subtype is disease Y, if disease Y has no link with hypothalamus, X must have no link with hypothalamus.
A, C talked about the female cat, that can’t weaken the argument.
B talked about another disease Z, doesn’t weaken the argument.
D just shows some data, which cannot weaken the argument.
25. There should be a greater use of gasohol. Gasohol is a mixture of alcohol and gasoline, and has a higher octane rating and fewer carbon monoxide emissions than straight gasoline. Burning gasohol adds no more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than plants remove by photosynthesis.
Each of the following, if true, strengthens the argument above EXCEPT:
A. Cars run less well on gasoline than they do on gasohol.
B. Since less gasoline is needed with the use of gasohol, an energy shortage is less likely.
C. Cars burn on the average slightly more gasohol per kilometer than they do gasoline.
D. Gasohol is cheaper to produce and hence costs less at the pump than gasoline.
E. Burning gasoline adds more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than plants can remove.
答案是C。解释：首先领会本argument的结论是：There should be a greater use of gasohol。根据提议，要选支持选项，即选出支持多使用gasohol的选项：
A: 用gasoline的汽车不如用gasohol的汽车好，起到支持作用
B: 说明使用gasohol能够降低发生能源短缺的可能性，当然起到支持作用
C: 汽车行驶一公里平均需要使用的gasohol比gasoline多，这说明了gasohol的一项劣势，不能起到支持作用
D: gasohol比gasoline具有较低的成本，支持。
E: 燃烧gasoline产生的二氧化碳比植物能消化的多，而argument中说gasohol产生的二氧化碳不比植物光合作用时能移除的多，所以优势显而易见。
26. Barnes: The two newest employees at this company have salaries that are too high for the simple tasks normally assigned to new employees and duties that are too complex for inexperienced workers. Hence, the salaries and the complexity of the duties of these two newest employees should be reduced.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which Barnes’s argument depends?
A. The duties of the two newest employees are not less complex than any others in the company.
B. It is because of the complex duties assigned that the two newest employees are being paid more than is usually paid to newly hired employees.
C. The two newest employees are not experienced at their occupations.
D. Barnes was not hired at a higher-than-average starting salary.
E. The salaries of the two newest are no higher than the salaries that other companies pay for workers with a similar level of experience.
答案是C。解释:
A: 不是假设
B: 这似乎在为两个新雇员拿高工资找理由，所以不能支持结论。
C: 正确。因为原文中说对于不熟练的员工来说，工资太高了; 并且要降低工作的复杂程度。如果员工胜任的话，why bother? 所以，重要假设就是这些员工在岗位上不胜任。
D: 这个选项太离题了，而且似乎有贬低Barnes人格之嫌。
E: 这个起到了削弱结论的作用，所以不是assumption。
27. These days, drug companies and health professionals alike are focusing their attention on cholesterol in the blood. The more cholesterol we have in our blood, the higher the risk that we shall die of a heart attack. The issue is pertinent since heart disease kills more North Americans every year than any other single cause. At least three factors---smoking, drinking, and exercise—can each influence levels of the cholesterol in the blood.
Which one of the following can be properly concluded from the passage?
A. If a person has low blood cholesterol, then that person’s risk of fatal heart disease is low.
B. Smoking in moderation can entail as great a risk of fatal heart disease as does heavy smoking.
C. A high-cholesterol diet is the principal cause of death in North America.
D. The only way that smoking increases one’s risk of fatal heart disease is by influencing the levels of cholesterol in the blood.
E. The risk of fatal heart disease can be altered by certain changes in lifestyle.
答案是E。解释：
A. 原文中说，胆固醇越高，生心脏病的可能性越大。A选项的内容是否命题，不一定成立。
B. 原文中没有提到此相关信息。
C. 显然不对，因为文中结尾明显说抽烟、饮酒和缺少运动也可以影响血液中胆固醇水平，所以不能保证C是正确的。
D. 文中没有说是only way哦。
E. 就是它了。可以通过调整抽烟、饮酒、运动等生活方式来减少心脏病的可能性。
28. Ordinary mountain sickness, a common condition among mountain climbers, and one from which most people can recover, is caused by the characteristic shortage of oxygen in the atmosphere at high altitudes. Cerebral edema, a rarer disruption of blood circulation in the brain that quickly becomes life-threatening if not correctly treated from its onset, can also be caused by a shortage of oxygen. Since the symptoms of cerebral edema resemble those of ordinary mountain sickness, cerebral edema is especially dangerous at high altitudes.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) The treatment for ordinary mountain sickness differs from the treatment for cerebral edema.
(B) Cerebral edema can cause those who suffer from it to slip into a coma within a few hours.
(C) Unlike cerebral edema, ordinary mountain sickness involves no disruption of blood circulation in the brain.
(D) Shortage of oxygen at extremely high altitude is likely to affect thinking processes and cause errors of judgment.
(E) Most people who suffer from ordinary mountain sickness recover without any special treatment.
答案选A
这道题目先讲了ordinary mountain sickness怎么样的，然后又讲了cerebral edema是怎么样，它们两者有共同点就是symptoms of cerebral edema resemble those of ordinary mountain sicknes，所以如果不当心的话，就容易把cerebral edema 看成是ordinary mountain sickness那样的话is especially dangerous at high altitudes.
A. 选项，提出了一个假设，就是他们两者的医疗方法不同，因为如果相同的话，用治疗普通登山症的方法也可以治cerebral edema，就不会有危险了
B. 无关选项
C. 讲普通的登山症怎样，文中已经讲了，不是什么前提
D. 无关选项
E. 无关选项
The answer should be A,
the mountain climber know very well how to treat ordinary mountain sickness, since the symptoms are the alike, if they treat cerebral edema the same way as they treat ordinary mountain sickness, the danger of cerebral edema would be especially dangerous at high altitudes.
B,C :the description of B,C doesn’t show any difference on high altitudes.
D : ’thinking processes and cause errors of judgment’ were never mentioned in the description. It could be an answer, but the not so good as A.
E didn’t answer why ’cerebral edema is especially dangerous at high altitudes’.
29. The price of a full-fare coach ticket from Toronto to Dallas on Breezeway Airlines is the same today as it was a year ago, if inflation is taken into account by calculating prices in constant dollars. However, today 90 percent of the Toronto-to-Dallas coach tickets that Breezeway sells are discount tickets and only 10 percent are full-fare tickets, whereas a year ago half were discount tickets and half were full-fare tickets. Therefore, on average, people pay less today in constant dollars for a Breezeway Toronto-to-Dallas coach ticket than they did a year ago.
Which one of the following, if assumed, would allow the conclusion above to be properly drawn?
(A) A Toronto-to-Dallas full-fare coach ticket on Breezeway Airlines provides ticket-holders with a lower level of service today than such a ticket provided a year ago.
(B) A Toronto-to-Dallas discount coach ticket on Breezeway Airlines costs about the same in constant dollars as they did a year ago.
(C) All full-fare coach tickets on Breezeway Airlines cost the same in constant dollars as they did a year ago.
(D) The average number of coach passengers per flight that Breezeway Airlines carries from Toronto to Dallas today is higher than the average number per flight a year ago.
(E) The criteria that Breezeway Airlines uses for permitting passengers to buy discount coach tickets on the Toronto-to-Dallas route are different today than they were a year ago.
答案选B
本题所讲的，无非就是，people pay less today in constant dollars，而得出这个结论的证据是，以前10%有打折，现在一半有打折，那么，这个前提就是，他们的价格是一样的，不然，如果涨价，就不可能付的少了
A，service，无关
C，full-fare coach tickets cost the same 不等于打折后的也一样
D，无关
E，无关
30. Combustion of gasoline in automobile engines produces benzene, a known carcinogen. Environmentalists propose replacing gasoline with methanol, which does not produce significant quantities of benzene when burned. However, combustion of methanol produces formaldehyde, also a know carcinogen. Therefore the environmentalists’ proposal has little merit.
Which one of the following, if true, most supports the environmentalist’ proposal?
A. The engines of some automobiles now on the road burn diesel fuel rather than gasoline.
B. Several large research efforts are under way to formulate cleaner-burning types of gasoline.
C. In some regions, the local economy is largely dependent on industries devoted to the production and distribution of automobile fuel.
D. formaldehyde is a less potent carcinogen than benzene.
E. Since methanol is water soluble, methanol spills are more damaging to the environment than gasoline spills.
选D
题目中Environmentalists propose replacing gasoline with methanol,但有些人认为combustion of methanol produces formaldehyde, also a know carcinogen.所以是不可取
怎样支持Environmentalists的观点呢，就是要说formaldehyde的好
D，说出formaldehyde 比benzene有 less potent carcinogen 那自然这个就是优先选择了
Questions 31-32
Political opinion and analysis outside the mainstream rarely are found on television talk shows, and it might be thought that this state of affairs is a product of the political agenda of the television stations themselves. In fact, television stations are driven by the same economic forces as sellers of more tangible goods. Because they must attempt to capture the largest possible share of the television audience for their shows, they air only those shows that will appeal to large numbers of people. As a result, political opinions and analyses aired on television talk shows are typically bland and innocuous.
31. An assumption made in the explanation offered by the author of the passage is that
A. most television viewers cannot agree on which elements of a particular opinion or analysis are most disturbing.
B. there are television viewers who might refuse to watch television talk shows that they knew would be controversial and disturbing.
C. each television viewer holds some opinion that is outside the political mainstream, but those opinions are not the same for everyone.
D. there are television shows on which economic forces have an even greater impact than they do on television talk shows.
E. the television talk shows of different stations resemble one another in most respects.
B is the best answer.
先抽象原文：TV station的zztalk show是受经济利益驱使，看谁能capture the largest possible viewers，而不是TV station’s political agenda，所以，TV station的zzTalk show是bland and innocuous (柔和的和不得罪人的)。问explanation的assumption：
大部分viewer不能就opinion or analysis的哪部分最disturbing达成一致。能不能就most disturbing达成一致与收视率及bland and innocuous无关，并有一点weaken的味道。
tv reviewers拒绝看controversial and disturbing的talk show;这正好在“capture the largest possible viewers”与“bland and innocuous” 架了一座桥梁。So B is the best answer.
文章讨论的重点不是outside the political mainstream, 所以是无关项。
其他talk show 的economic forces无关。
different stations无关。
32. The explanation offered by the author of the passage makes the assumption that
A. television station executives usually lack a political agenda of their own
B. bland and innocuous political opinions and analyses are generally in the mainstream
C. political analysts outside the mainstream are relatively indifferent to the effect their analyses have on television viewers
D. most television viewers are prepared to argue against allowing the expression of political opinions and analyses with which they disagree
E. the political opinions of television station executives are not often reflected in the television shows their stations produce
the best answer is B.
A. tv station executive is irrelevant to the explanation.
B. Yes. Because “political opinion and analysis outside the mainstream rarely found on tv talk show” , and at last the author concludes that“political opinions and analysis aired on tv talk shows are bland and innocuous”。
C. The passage doesn’t infer “political analysts outside the mainstream are relatively indifferent”, but assumes that “it might be thought…. of tv station themselves”. So C is irrelevant to the explanation.
D. This is a confusing choice. “Argue against” doesn’t indicate it will affect the tv viewers to see the talk show. It is the attitude, not the effect or result of this attitude. So it will not help the author to reason the conclusion.
E. Obviously, “the political opinion of tv station executive” is not mentioned in this passage and we can’t evaluate this situation before we get some relative information. So it is irrelevant.
Questions 33-34
Conservationist: The population of a certain wildflower is so small that the species is headed for extinction. However, this wildflower can cross-pollinate with a closely related domesticated daisy, producing viable seeds. Such cross-pollination could result in a significant population of wildflower-daisy hybrids. The daisy should therefore be introduced into the wildflower’s range, since although the hybrid would differ markedly from the wildflower, hybridization is the only means of preventing total loss of the wildflower in its range.
33. Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps to justify the conservationist’s reasoning?
(A) It is better to take measures to preserve a valued type of organism, even if those measures are drastic, than to accept a less valuable substitute for the organism.
(B) It is better to preserve a type of organism that is in danger of extinction, even if surviving organisms of that type are not vigorous, than to allow something more vigorous to replace it.
(C) It is better to change a type of organism that would otherwise be lost, even if the changes are radical, than to lose it entirely.
(D) It is better to destroy one of two competing types of organisms, even if both are irreplaceable, than to allow both of them to be lost.
(E) It is better to protect an endangered type of organism, even if doing so has some negative effects on another type of organism, than to do nothing at all.
The best answer is C.
先理解题意：wildflower会很快extinct如果不采取措施的话。但这个wildflower能与另外一种植物daisy cross-pollinate (异花受粉)，从而produce viable seeds，产生一种杂交品种wildflower-daisy hybrid。虽然杂交后的植物differ markedly,但这是唯一一种阻止wildflower在其领域消失的方式。提问哪种原则能支持这种推理?
原文是cross-pollinate and produce seeds, 而不是preserve。
同上，preserve不对，而且vigorous没有提到。
“change a type” 与“produce seeds”、“wildflower-daisy hybrids”相符;“radical”与“markedly”相对应。 So C is the best answer.
“destroy”与“competing types”无关，排除。
negative effects 无关，排除
解题的关键是如何抽象原文，并运用无关排除法。(顺便把34题也说了：))
34. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the conservationist’s reasoning depends?
A. The wildflower currently reproduces only by forming seeds.
B. The domesticated daisy was bred from wild plants that once grew in the wildflower’s range.
C. Increasing the population of the wildflower will also expand its range.
D. Wildflower-daisy hybrids will be able to reproduce.
E. The domesticated daisy will cross-pollinate with any daisy like plant.
思路：not weaken。根据原命题成立则逆否命题成立的原理，把选项取非后，若能对文章产生削弱作用的，则为答案。
A. 与结论无关。另外也可以根据极端词only来进行排除。
B. 就算daisy不是in wildflower’s range，wildflower-daisy hybrids也是in wildflower’s range。
C. 无关。
D. 把选项取非，变成：wildflower-daisy hybrids不能再繁殖。这样的话，总有一天，随着wildflower的消失，wildflower-daisy hybrids也会消失的，这样就不能达到prevent total loss of the wildflower in its range的目的了，从而也对结论进行了削弱。因此D为答案。
E. 无关。
D is the best answer. 原文说“hybridization is the only means of preventing total loss of the wildflower in its range”, 如果hybrids不能reproduce，那wildflower还是会extinct。其他可在选项中加“not”看是否有影响结论。
35. Because of increases in the price of oil and because of government policies promoting energy conservation, the use of oil to heat homes fell by 40 percent from 1970 to the present, and many homeowners switched to natural gas for heating. Because switching to natural gas involved investing in equipment, a significant switch back to oil in the near future is unlikely.
The prediction that ends the passage would be most seriously called into question if it were true that in the last few years.
A. the price of natural gas to heat homes has remained constant, while the cost of equipment to heat homes with natural gas has fallen sharply.
B. the price of home heating oil has remained constant, while the cost of equipment to heat home with natural gas has risen sharply.
C. the cost of equipment to heat homes with natural gas has fallen sharply, while the price of home heating oil has fallen to 1970 levels.
D. the cost of equipment to heat homes with oil has fallen sharply, while the price of heating with oil has fallen below the price of heating with natural gas
E. the use of oil to heat homes has continued to decline, while the price of heating oil has fallen to 1970 levels
思路：演绎题里，若结论中有比较的，则答案中也应该有比较。此处的结论中有“用oil好，还是用gas好”的比较，所以答案中必须有oil和gas的比较。
A. 只有gas和gas equipment的过去与现在的自身的比较，故不对。
B. 只有oil的过去与现在的自身的比较;gas equipment的过去与现在的自身比较。不对。
C. 与B的分析相同。
D. 有oil与gas的price的比较gas equipment的过去与现在的比较，说明了用oil比用gas便宜，而且也提到了oil equipment的造价急剧下降，所以用oil会比用gas好，因此switch back to oil是合算的，是likely的，对文章起到weaken的作用。
E. 只有oil自身的比较，不对。
36. Sometimes when their trainer gives the hand signal for “Do something creative together” two dolphins circle a pool in tandem and then leap through the air simultaneously. On the other occasions, the same signal elicits synchronized backward swims or tail-waving. These behaviors are not simply learned responses to a given stimulus. Rather, dolphins are capable of higher cognitive functions that may include the use of language and forethought.
Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A. Mammals have some resemblance to one another with respect to bodily function and brain structure.
B. The dolphins often exhibit complex new responses to the hand signal.
C. The dolphins are given food incentives as part of their training.
D. Dolphins do not interact with humans the way they interact with one another.
E. Some of the behaviors mentioned are exhibited by dolphins in their natural habitat
思路：直接提出另一个事实，若此事实际能够说明结论成立的，则此事实为答案。
A. 没有提及cognitive functions，对结论无关。
B. 选项中的“new responses”，说明了dolphins能够经过思考，再作出一个新的反映，而不是单单的作出learned responses to a given stimulus. 此选项支持了结论中的cognitive functions，是答案。
C. 无关。
D. interact的方式不一定与cognition有关，也可能会与learned responses或条件反射有关。
E. 无关。
