2016年GRE全真模拟试题及答案一

Time—30 minutes

25 Questions

1. The Environmental Protection Agency must

respond to the hazard to children’s health

posed by exposure to asbestos fibers released

in the air in school classrooms. Since it is

impossible to close school buildings, the best plan

would be to initiate programs that mandate the

immediate removal of asbestos from all the

school buildings that are found to contain

asbestos, regardless of whether or not the

buildings are in use.

Which of the following, if true, is the strongest

reason for the Environmental Protection Agency

not to follow the plan outlined above?

(A) The techniques available for removing

asbestos often increase the level of airborne

asbestos.

(B) Schools are places where asbestos is

especially likely to be released into the air by

the action of the occupants.

(C) Children exposed to airborne asbestos run a

greater risk of developing cancer than do

adults exposed to airborne asbestos.

(D) The cost of removing asbestos varies from

school to school, depending on accessibility

and the quantity of asbestos to be removed.

(E) It is impossible to determine with any degree

of certainty if and when construction materials

that contain asbestos will break down and

release asbestos fibers into the air.

2. Aedes albopictus, a variety of mosquito that has

recently established itself in the southeastern

United States, is less widespread than the

indigenous swamp mosquito. Both the swamp

mosquito and A. albopictus can carry viruses that

are sometimes fatal to humans, but A. albopictus

is a greater danger to public health.

Each of the following, if true, provides additional

information that strengthens the judgment given

about the danger to public health EXCEPT:

(A) Unlike the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus

originated in Asia, and larvae of it were not

observed in the United States before the mid-

1980’s.

(B) Unlike the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus

tends to spend most of its adult life near

human habitation.

(C) Unlike swamp mosquito larvae, A.

albopictus larvae survive in flower pots, tin

cans, and many small household objects that

hold a little water.

(D) In comparison with the swamp mosquito, A.

albopictus hosts a much wider variety of

viruses known to cause serious diseases in

humans.

(E) A. albopictus seeks out a much wider range

of animal hosts than does the swamp mosq-

uito, and it is more likely to bite humans.

Questions 3-8

The manager of a horse show is placing seven

obstacles-one chicken coop, one gate, two stone

walls, and three fences-on a jumping course that

consists of seven positions, numbered and arranged

consecutively from 1 to 7. The placement of the

obstacles in the seven positions must conform to the

following conditions:

No two fences can be placed in consecutive positions.

The stone walls must be placed in consecutive

positions.

3. Which of the following is an acceptable

placement of obstacles in the seven positions,

in order from the first position to the last position

on the course?

(A) Chicken coop, fence, gate, stone wall, fence,

stone wall, fence

(B) Fence, gate, fence, fence, chicken coop,

stone wall, stone wall

(C) Fence, stone wall, stone wall, gate, chicken

coop, fence, fence

(D) Gate, stone wall, stone wall, fence, fence,

chicken coop, fence

(E) Stone wall, stone wall, fence, chicken coop,

fence, gate, fence

4. If one of the fences is in the third position and

another is in the sixth position, which of the

following must be true?

(A) The chicken coop is in the seventh position.

(B) The gate is in the second position.

(C) The gate is in the seventh position.

(D) One of the stone walls is in the first position.

(E) One of the stone walls is in the fourth

position.

5. If one of the stone walls is in the seventh position,

which of the following must be FALSE?

(A) The chicken coop is in the second position.

(B) The chicken coop is in the fourth position.

(C) One of the fences is in the first position.

(D) One of the fences is in the second position.

(E) The gate is in the fourth position.

6. Which of the following CANNOT be the

positions occupied by the three fences?

(A) First, third, and fifth

(B) First, third, and sixth

(C) Second, fourth, and sixth

(D) Second, fourth, and seventh

(E) Third, fifth, and seventh

7. If a stone wall is placed immediately after the

gate, which of the following is a complete and

accurate list of the positions in which the gate can

be placed?

(A) Second, third (B) Second, fourth

(C) Third, fourth (D) Second, third, fourth

(E) Third, fourth, fifth

8. If the chicken coop is not placed immediately

after any fence, which of the following is a

complete and accurate list of the positions in

which the chicken coop can be placed?

(A) First, second, third

(B) First, third, fourth

(C) First, fourth, sixth

(D) First, second, third, fourth

(E) First, third, fourth, sixth

9. A person’s cholesterol level will decline

significantly if that person increases the

number of meals eaten per day, but only if

there is no significant increase in the amount

of food eaten. However, most people who

increase the number of meals they eat each day

will eat a lot more food as well.

If the statements above are true, which of the

following is most strongly supported by them?

(A) For most people, cholesterol level is not

significantly affected by the amount of food

eaten per day.

(B) For most people, the amount of food eaten per

meal is most strongly affected by the time of

day at which the meal is eaten.

(C) For most people, increasing the number of

meals eaten per day will not result in a

significantly lower cholesterol level.

(D) For most people, the total amount of food

eaten per day is unaffected by the number of

meals eaten per day.

(E) For most people, increasing the number of

meals eaten per day will result in a significant

change in the types of food eaten.

10. A certain type of dinnerware made in Ganandia

contains lead. Lead can leach into acidic foods,

and Ganandians tend to eat highly acidic foods.

However, the extreme rarity of lead poisoning in

Ganandia indicates that the dinnerware does not

contain dangerous amounts of lead.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously

weakens the argument above?

(A) The dinnerware is produced exclusively for

sale outside Ganandia.

(B) Ganandian foods typically are much more

acidic than foods anywhere else in the

world.

(C) The only source of lead poisoning in

Ganandia is lead that has leached into food.

(D) Most people who use the dinnerware are not

aware that it contains lead.

(E) Acidic foods can leach lead from dinnerware

even if that dinnerware has a protective

coating.

Question 11 is based on the following graph.

EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG X IN ERADICATING

A BACTERIAL LUNG INFECTION IN ADULT

PATIENTS

Point During the Course of the Infection

at Which Drug X Was First Administered to Patients

(in weeks following the onset of symptoms)

11. Drug X, which kills on contact the bacteria that

cause the infection, is administered to patients

by means of an aerosol inhaler.

Which of the following, if true, contributes most

to explaining the change in drug X’s

effectiveness during the course of the infection?

(A) Symptoms of the infection usually become

evident during the first 48 hours following

infection.

(B) Most patients with lung infections say they

prefer aerosol inhalers to other means of

administering antibacterial drugs.

(C) In most patients taking drug X, the dosage

administered is increased slightly each week

until symptoms disappear.

(D) In patients who have the infection, the

ability to inhale becomes increasingly

impaired beginning in the second week after

the onset of symptoms.

(E) Drug X is not administered to any patient

who shows signs of suffering from

secondary infections.

12. Sergeant

Our police academy no longer requires its

applicants to pass a physical examination

before being admitted to the academy. As a

result, several candidates with weak hearts and

high blood pressure have been admitted. Hence,

we can expect our future police force to have

more health problems than our current police

force.

Knowledge of each of the following would be

relevant to determining the reliability of the

sergeant’s prediction EXCEPT whether

(A) police officer candidates are screened for

high blood pressure before joining the police

force

(B) the police officer candidates who are not

healthy now are likely to be unhealthy as

police officers

(C) graduates of the police academy are required

to pass a physical examination

(D) the health of the current police officer

candidates is worse than was the health of

police officer candidates in the past

(E) a police officer’s health is a reliable indicator

of the officer’s performance

Questions 13-16

A transcontinental railroad train has exactly eight cars—J, K, L, M, N, O, P, and R—bound for several different destinations. The positions of the cars in any ordering of the train are numbered first through eighth from the front of the train. Because the cars will be detached at different points, certain ordering requirements must be met, as follows:

J must be somewhere behind M in the train.

K must be immediately in front of or

immediately behind P.

O must be in front of N, and exactly one car

must be between them.

R must be among the frontmost four cars and

somewhere behind O.

13. Which of the following represents a possible

order for the cars, from the front to the rear of

the train?

(A) L, M, O, R, N, J, K,P

(B) M, K, P, O, R, N, L, J

(C) M, L, O, R, N, K, J, P

(D) O, R, M, N, P, K, J, L

(E) P, K, R, L, O, M, N, J

14. If K is the first car, then the last car must be

either

(A) J or L (B) J or M (C) L or M

(D) L or N (E) M or N

15. Which of the following can be neither the first

nor the last car?

(A) J (B) K (C) L (D) M (E) N

16. If R is somewhere behind N, which of the

following must be true?

(A) O is the first car.

(B) M is the second car.

(C) Either K or P is the last car.

(D) L is one of the last four cars.

(E) J is somewhere in front of K.

Questions 17-22

A mining company is planning a survey of

exactly six regions-F, G, H, I, K, and L-for deposits

of platinum and uranium. Each region will contain

one of four possible combinations of minerals-both

platinum and uranium, neither platinum nor uranium, platinum and no uranium, or uranium and no

platinum. Prior to conducting a detailed survey, the

mining company has the following information:

Exactly as many of the regions contain

platinum deposits as contain uranium deposits.

Region F contains exactly the same deposits as

does region H.

Regions G and I both contain uranium

deposits.

Regions H and K both contain platinum

deposits.

Regions G and L either both contain platinum

deposits or neither of them does.

17. If there are exactly four regions that contain

platinum deposits, these four could be

(A) F, G, H, and K (B) F, G, H, and L

(C) F, H, I, and K (D) F, H, K, and L

(E) G, H, K, and L

18. If some region contains neither platinum

deposits nor uranium deposits, it must be

(A) F (B) G (C) H (D) I (E) L

19. If one of the six regions contains deposits of

neither platinum deposits nor uranium deposits,

which of the following CANNOT contain

platinum deposits?

(A) F (B) G (C) H (D) I (E) K

20. If exactly one region contains no platinum

deposits, it must be

(A) F (B) G (C) I (D) K (E) L

21. If K is the only region containing platinum

deposits but no uranium deposits, which of the

following must be two of the regions that

contain both platinum deposits and uranium

deposits?

(A) F and G (B) F and H (C) G and L

(D) H and I (E) I and L

22. If no region contains deposits of both platinum

and uranium, which of the following must be

true?

(A) F contains uranium deposits.

(B) G contains platinum deposits.

(C) I contains platinum deposits.

(D) K contains uranium deposits.

(E) L contains uranium deposits.

23. Because adult iguanas on Plazos Island are much

smaller than adult iguanas of the same species

on nearby islands, researchers assumed that

environmental conditions on Plazos favor the

survival of relatively smaller baby iguanas

(hatchlings) in each yearly brood. They

discovered instead that for each of the past three

years, 10 percent of the smaller and 40 percent

of the larger hatchlings survived, because larger

hatchlings successfully evade their predators.

Which of the following, if true about Plazos but

not about nearby islands, contributes most to an

explanation of the long-standing tendency of

iguanas on Plazos to be smaller than those of the

same age on nearby islands?

(A) Periodic wind shifts cause extended dry

spells on Plazos every year, putting the larger

iguanas, whose bodies require relatively

more water, at a great disadvantage.

(B) There are exactly three species of iguanas on

Plazos but only two species of seagulls that

feed on iguanas, and a relatively small

percentage of each year’s hatchlings are

consumed by seagulls.

(C) Wild cats, which were introduced as pets by

early settlers and which were formerly major

predators of Plazos iguanas, were recently

killed off by a disease specific to cats.

(D) The iguanas on Plazos are a relatively

ancient part of the island’s animal life.

(E) Both land and marine iguanas live on Plazos,

and the land iguanas tend to be larger than

marine iguanas of the same age.

24. Every human being who has ever lived had two

parents. Therefore, more people were alive three

thousand years ago than are alive now.

The reasoning in the argument is flawed because

it

(A) overlooks the number of people in each

generation during the last three thousand

years who left no descendants

(B) disregards possible effects of disasters such

as famines and plagues on human history

(C) overestimates the mathematical effect of

repeated doublings on population size

(D) fails to take into account that people now

alive have overlapping sets of ancestors

(E) fails to consider that accurate estimation of

the number of people alive three thousand

years ago might be impossible

25. Each of the academic journals Thought and Ergo

has a review committee to prevent misattributed

quotations from appearing in its published

articles. Nevertheless, about ten percent of the

quotations in Thought’s published articles are

misattributed, whereas Ergo contains no

misattributions. Ergo’s committee is more

effective, therefore, than Thought’s at finding

misattributed quotations.

The argument above assumes that

(A) most of the articles submitted to Thought for

publication contain misattributed quotations

(B) there are at least some misattributed

quotations in articles submitted to Ergo for

publication

(C) the members of Ergo’s committee are, on the

whole, more knowledgeable than are the

members of Thought’s committee

(D) the number of misattributed quotations in a

journal is an accurate measure of how

carefully that journal is edited

(E) the authors who submit articles to Ergo for

publication are more thorough in attributing

quotations than are the authors who submit

articles to Thought

Section 1: AAEED CBECA DEAAE ACEBC BEADB