2016年GRE强化测试试题及解析二

Before about 1960, virtually all accounts of evolution assumed most adaptation to be a product of selection at the level of populations; recent studies of evolution, however, have found no this pervasive view of selection.

(A) Departures from

(B) Basis for

(C) Bias toward

(D) Precursors of

(E) Criticism of

Answer: B

Before引导时间对立，第2句no否定词，所以空与all accounts同义。

Virtually事实上。Virtual接近实际的、可看做是实际的(本质是虚拟的)。

Departures from背离，basis for依据，bias toward偏见，precursors of先驱，criticism of批判。

陈述必然客观，评论必然否定：佛洛依德心理学，马克思经济学，达尔文进化论，魏格纳大陆板块漂移学说，二氧化碳与温室效应。

翻译：在1960年之前，事实上，所有的数据都表明进化是在种群层面上选择的结果;然而最近的研究发现关于这个选择的普遍的观点没有依据。

Before adapting to changes in values, many prefer to , to the universally agreed-on principles that have been upheld for centuries.

(A) Vacillate

(B) Resist

(C) Innovate

(D) Publicize

(E) Subvert

(F) Defend

Answer: B F

第1空与adapting to反义。Change为后期，been upheld for centuries为前期，所以第2空填肯定类词汇。

Vacillate犹豫，resist抵抗，innovate改革，publicize宣传，subvert颠覆，defend维护。

翻译：在接受价值观的改变之前，很多人倾向于抵制，反而是去维护那些已经被信奉了几个世纪的广为接受的原则。

The powers and satisfactions of primeval people, though few and meager, were their few and simple desires.

(A) Simultaneous with

(B) Commensurate with

(C) Substantiated by

(D) Circumscribed by

(E) Ruined by

Answer: B

Few and meager和few and simple desires同义，所以空格为肯定类词汇。

Simultaneous同时的，commensurate相称的，substantiate证实，circumscribe限制，ruin毁灭。

翻译：远古时期的人们的能力和满足感，尽管少而且简单，但却和他们少而且简单的欲望相称。

Scientists’ pristine reputation as devotees of the disinterested pursuit of truth has been by recent evidence that some scientists have deliberately experimental results to further their own careers.

(A) Reinforced

(B) Compromised

(C) Resuscitated

(D) Replicated

(E) Fabricated

(F) Challenged

Answer: B E

Reinforced加强，compromised妥协、危害(妥协-双方互相让步-牺牲部分利益-危害)，resuscitated复兴，replicated复制，fabricated编造，challenged挑战。

翻译：科学家作为一个对真理无私追求的追求者的最初的名声已经被最近的证据所危害，这个证据是有一些科学工作者故意编造实验结果，以助长他们的职业生涯。

In recent decades, the idea that Cezanne influenced Cubism has been caught in the between art historians who credit Braque with its invention and those who Picasso.

(A) Crossfire

(B) Interplay

(C) Tussle

(D) dislike

(E) Substitute

(F) Tout

Answer: A F

Braque派与Picasso派互相不掐架，而是各自阐述自己观点，所以是crossfire而不是tussle。第2空与credit同义。

Cubism立体派。

Crossfire交叉火力的攻击(两点或多点打一点)，interplay相互影响，tussle纠缠扭打(两者扭打)，dislike不喜欢，substitute代替，tout极力赞扬。

翻译：最近十年以来，C影响了立体主义的思想被置于了两种人的交叉火力攻击之中，其一是那些因B的发明而推崇B的艺术史学家，其二是那些极力推崇P的艺术史学家。