2016年GRE全真模拟试题及答案五
1. Punishment for violating moral rules is much
more common than reward for following them;
thus, ----- the rules goes almost ---- in society.
(A) association with .. undefended
(B) adherence to .. unnoticed
(C) affiliation of .. uncorrected
(D) opposition to .. unchecked
(E) ignorance of .. unresolved
2. Compassion is a great respecter of justice: we
pity those who suffer ----.
(A) shamelessly
(B) unwittingly
(C) vicariously
(D) intensively
(E) undeservedly
3. No work illustrated his disdain for a systematic
approach to research better than his
dissertation, which was rejected primarily
because his bibliography constituted, at best,
----- survey of the major texts in his field.
(A) an unimaginative
(B) an orthodox
(C) a meticulous
(D) a comprehensive
(E) a haphazard
4. In contrast to the----- with which the
acquisition of language by young children was
once regarded, the process by which such
learning occurs has now become the object
of ----- .
(A) intensity .. fascination
(B) incuriosity .. scrutiny
(C) anxiety .. criticism
(D) reverence .. admiration
(E) impatience .. training
5. The senator’s remark that she is ambivalent
about running for a second term is -----given
the extremely ----- fund-raising activities of
her campaign committee.
(A) disingenuous .. reluctant
(B) futile .. clandestine
(C) sincere .. visible
(D) persuasive .. apathetic
(E) straightforward .. energetic
6. Until quite recently research on diabetes had, as
a kind of holding action, attempted to refine
the -----of the disease, primarily because no
preventive strategy seemed at all likely to
be ----- .
(A) definition .. necessary
(B) anticipation .. acceptable
(C) understanding .. costly
(D) treatment .. practicable
(E) symptoms .. feasible
7. Most plant species exhibit ----- in their
geographical distribution: often, a given species
is found over a large geographical area, but
individual populations within that range are
widely ----- .
(A) discontinuity .. separated
(B) density .. dispersed
(C) symmetry .. observed
(D) uniformity .. scattered
(E) concentration .. adaptable
Directions: In each of the following questions, a
related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.
8. FATIGUE: REST::
(A) gravity: weight
(B) friction: heat
(C) dehydration: water
(D) dizziness: vertigo
(E) radiation: light
疲惫 : 休息
重力，引力 : 重量
摩擦 : 热量
脱水 : 水(答案)
头晕，目眩 : 晕眩
辐射，放射 : 光
*：缺乏关系
9. RECYCLE: DISPOSAL::
(A) recommend: insistence
(B) reciprocate: treatment
(C) rehabilitate: demolition
(D) attach: conquest
(E) offer: sale
回收 : 清除，处理
推荐 : 坚持
回报，酬答 : 对待，治疗
修复 : 废除，拆毁(答案)
依附 : 占领
提供 : 出售(干扰选项)
*：反义词，多一重废物再利用的层面
10. DICTIONARY: ALPHABETICAL::
(A) map: contoured
(B) diary: anecdotal
(C) outline: detailed
(D) narrative: prosaic
(E) annals: chronological
字典 : 按字母顺序的
地图 : 显示轮廓的
日记 : 轶事的
轮廓，提纲 : 详细的
叙事文 : 枯燥乏味的
编年史;按时间顺序的
*：正面特征，多一重排列关系本文导航第1页1-10第2页11-20第3页21-30第4页31-38
11. ATTENUATE: THICKNESS::
(A) separate: substance
(B) ventilate: circulation
(C) vaccinate: immunity
(D) relocate: site
(E) debilitate: strength
使变稀薄 : 厚度
分离 : 物质
通风 : 环流
接种疫苗 : 免疫
中心放置 : 地点
使虚弱 : 力量(答案)
*：动宾关系。多一重减少层面
12. SATIRE: RIDICULE::
(A) oration: enmity
(B) lullaby: dream
(C) parody: praise
(D) elegy: sorrow
(E) sonnet: remembrance
讽刺作品 : 嘲笑
演讲 : 敌意
摇篮曲 : 梦
讽刺文，滑稽的模仿 : 赞扬
哀歌，挽歌 : 悲伤(答案)
十四行诗 : 记忆力
*：正面特征或文体及其表达感情
13. STOIC: PERTURB::
(A) perplexed: enlighten
(B) nondescript: neglect
(C) tranquil: pacify
(D) avaricious: satisfy
(E) daunting: bewilder
坚忍的 : 扰乱
困惑的 : 启发
无特征的 : 忽视
平静的 : 抚慰，平息
贪婪的 : 使满足
可怕的 : 困惑
*：对立句子题。坚忍克己的人不能被扰乱=贪婪的人不能被满足
14. EXCULPATORY: ABSOLVE::
(A) motivational: stir
(B) conventional: resist
(C) rhetorical: speak
(D) pedantic: learn
(E) ponderous: choose
赦免的，无罪的 : 赦免
激励的 : 激励(答案)
传统的 : 抵抗
修辞的 : 说话
学究气的 : 学习
笨重的 : 选择
*：同义词或者正面特征
15. MODERATE: INTENSITY::
(A) extenuate: seriousness
(B) separate: distance
(C) indulge: chaos
(D) commemorate: memorial
(E) disparage: animosity
使缓和 : 紧张
减轻 : 紧张，严肃(答案)
分离 : 距离
沉迷于 : 混乱
纪念 : 纪念品
贬低 : 憎恨
*：消除关系
16. JOLT: MOVE::
(A) possess: acquire
(B) arrive: remain
(C) check: stop
(D) spiral: turn
(E) rattle: hear
颠簸 : 运动
拥有 : 获得
达到 : 保留
使突然停止 : 停止(答案?)
螺旋状旋转 : 旋转
发出咯咯声 : 听见
*：宋昊认为题干和C都是突然和正常。我觉得D更好。都是剧烈：正常。都有动的感觉。
The origin of the theory that major geologic events
may occur at regular intervals can be traced back not
to a study of volcanism or plate tectonics but to an
investigation of marine extinctions. In the early 1980’s,
(5) scientists began to look closely at the question of how
these extinctions occur. Two paleontologists, Raup
and Sepkoski, compiled amaster list of marine species
that died out duringthe past 268 million years and
noted that there were brief periods during which
(10) many species disappeared at once. These mass extinc-
tions occurred at surprisingly regular intervals.
Later studies revealed that extinctions of terrestrial reptiles and mammals also occurred periodically.
These findings, combined with the research of Raup
(15) and Sepkoski, led scientists to hypothesize the
existence of some kind of cyclically recurring force
powerful enough to affect living things profoundly.
Speculation that so powerful a force might affect
gelogic events as well led geologists to search for
(20) evidence of periodicity in episodes of volcanism,
seafloor spreading, and plate movement.
17. According to the passage, Raup and Sepkoski’s
research was concerned with
(A) learning more about the habitats of marine
species
(B) studying plate tectonics and the occurrence
of volcanism over the past 268 million years
(C) examining extinctions of marine species
over the past 268 million years
(D) finding out whether a rhythmically recurring
geologic force exists
(E) confirming previous evidence suggesting
that extinction of terrestrial species occurred
Regularly
18. The author of the passage would most likely
describe the findings of Roup and Sepkoski as
(A) plausible, because the findings supported
the theories of previous researchers
(B) significant, because the findings were an
impetus for subsequent research
(C) controversial, because the findings contradicted
the theories of previous researchers
(D) questionable, because the authors were not
working in their field of expertise
(E) definitive, because the findings confirmed
the existence of a rhythmically recurring
force
19. The author of the passage is primarily
concerned with
(A) determining the dates of various geologic
events
(B) defending the conclusions reached by
Raup and Sepkoski
(C) establishing a link between the disciplines
of paleontology and geology
(D) proving that mass extinctions of marine
animals occur periodcally
(E) explaining how a theory concerning
geologic events was formulated
20. The passage suggests which of the following
about the “force” mentioned in lines 16 and
18 ?
(A) It is responsible for most of the major
geologic events that have occurred.
(B) It is responsible for most of the marine
extinctions that have occurred.
(C) Its recurrence is unlikely to be able to be
predicted by scientists.
(D) Its existence was not seriously considered
by scientists before Raup and Sepkoski did
their research.
(E) Its existence was confirmed by the research
of Raup and Sepkoski.
A recent history of the Chicago meat-packing
industry and its workers examines how the industry
grew from its appearance in the 1830’s through the
early 1890’s. Meat-packers, the author argues, had
(5) good wages, working conditions, and prospects for
advancement within the packinghouses, and did not
cooperate with labor agitators since labor relations
were so harmonious. Because the history maintains
that conditions were above standard for the era, the
(10) frequency of labor disputes, especially in the mid-
1880’s, is not accounted for. The work ignores the
fact that the 1880’s were crucial years in American
labor history, and that the packinghouse workers’
efforts were part of the national movement for labor
(15) reform.
In fact, other historical sources for the late nine-
teenth century record deteriorating housing and high
disease and infant mortality rates in the industrial
community, due to low wages and unhealthy working
(20) conditions. Additional data from the University of
Chicago suggest that the packinghouses were danger-
ous places to work. The government investigation
commissioned by President Theodore Roosevelt
which eventually led to the adoption of the 1906
(25) Meat Inspection Act found the packinghouses
unsanitary, while social workers observed that most
of the workers were poorly paid and overworked.
The history may be too optimistic because most of
its data date from the 1880’s at the latest, and the infor-
(30) mation provided from that decade is insufficiently
analyzed. Conditions actually declined in the 1880’s,
and continued to decline after the 1880’s, due to a
reorganization of the packing process and a massive
influx of unskilled workers. The deterioration in
(35) worker status, partly a result of the new availability of
unskilled and hence cheap labor, is not discussed.
Though a detailed account of work in the packing-
houses is attempted, the author fails to distinguish
between the wages and conditions for skilled workers
(40) and for those unskilled laborers who comprised the
majority of the industry’s workers from the 1880’s
on. While conditions for the former were arguably
tolerable due to the strategic importance of skilled
workers in the complicated slaughtering, cutting, and
(45) packing process (though worker complaints about the
rate and conditions of work were frequent), pay and
conditions for the latter were wretched.
The author’s misinterpretation of the origins of the
feelings the meat-packers had for their industrial
(50) neighborhood may account for the history’s faulty
generalizations. The pride and contentment the author
remarks upon were, arguably, less the products of the
industrial world of the packers ---- the giant yards and
the intricate plants ---- than of the unity and vibrance
(55)of the ethnic cultures that formed a viable community
on Chicago’s South Side. Indeed, the strength of this
community succeeded in generating a social movement
that effectively confronted the problems of the industry
that provided its livelihood.
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21. The passage is primarily concerned with discussing
(A) how historians ought to explain the origins
of the conditions in the Chicago meat-
packing industry
(B) why it is difficult to determine the actual
nature of the conditions in the Chicago
meat-packing industry
(C) why a particular account of the conditions
in the Chicago meat-packing industry is
inaccurate
(D) what ought to be included in any account
of the Chicago meat-packers’ role in the
national labor movement
(E) what data are most relevant for an accurate
account of the relations between Chicago
meat-packers and local labor agitators
22. The author of the passage mentions all of the
following as describing negative conditions in
the meat-packing industry EXCEPT
(A) data from the University of Chicago
(B) a recent history of the meat-packing
industry
(C) social workers
(D) historical sources for the late nineteenth
century
(E) government records
23. The author of the passage mentions the “social
movement” (line 57) generated by Chicago’s
South Side community primarily in order to
(A) inform the reader of events that occurred in
the meat-packing industry after the period
of time covered by the history
(B) suggest the history’s limitations by
pointing out a situation that the history
failed to explain adequately
(C) salvage the history’s point of view by
suggesting that there were positive
developments in the meat-packing industry
due to worker unity
(D) introduce a new issue designed to elaborate
on the good relationship between the meat-
packers and Chicago’s ethnic communities
(E) suggest that the history should have
focused more on the general issue of the
relationship between labor movements and
healthy industrial communities
24. According to the passage, the working
conditions of skilled workers in the meat-
packing industry during the 1880’s were
influenced by
(A) the workers’ determined complaints about
the rate and conditions of their work
(B) the efforts of social workers to improve
sanitation in the packinghouses
(C) the workers’ ability to perform the
industry’s complex tasks
(D) improvements in the industry’s packing
process that occurred in the 1880’s
(E) opportunities for job advancement due to
the filling of less desira ble positions by
increasing numbers of unskilled workers
25. The author of the passage uses the second
paragraph to
(A) summarize the main point of the history
discussed in the passage
(B) explain why the history discussed in the
passage has been disparaged by critics
(C) evaluate the findings of recent studies that
undermine the premises of the history
discussed in the passage
(D) introduce a hypothesis that will be discussed in
detail later in the passage
(E) present evidence that is intended to refute the
argument of the history discussed in the passage
26. The tone of the author of the passage in discussing
the meat-packer community on Chicago’s South Side
can best be described as one of
(A) appreciation of the community’s ability to
cope with difficult conditions
(B) admiration for the community’s refusal to
cooperate with labor agitators
(C) indignation at the kinds of social conditions the
community faced
(D) annoyance at the community’s inability to
abolish discrimination in the meat-packing
industry
(E) concern that the meat-packers’ feelings for
their community have not been documented
27. The information in the passage suggests that
the author of the history discussed in the
passage made which of the following errors?
(A) Failing to recognize the effect of the
diversity of the South Side community on
the meat-packers’ efforts to reform the
industry
(B) Attributing good working conditions in the
meat-packing industry to the efforts of labor
agitators
(C) Overemphasizing the importance of the
availability of unskilled labor as an influence
on conditions in the meat packing industry
(D) Interpreting the meat-packers’ feelings for
their community as appreciation of their
industry
(E) Failing to observe the pride and contentment
felt by the meat-packers
28. CELEBRITY:
(A) eccentricity
(B) informality
(C) obscurity
(D) aloofness
(E) nonchalance
29. CHRONIC:
(A) imminent
(B) asynchronous
(C) sequential
(D) sporadic
(E) spontaneous
30. ACCUMULATION:
(A) severance
(B) dissipation
(C) reciprocity
(D) absolution
(E) remuneration
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31. CALCIFICATION:
(A) forgetfulness
(B) abundance
(C) streamlining
(D) clairvoyance
(E) flexibility
32. MIGRATORY:
(A) speculative
(B) transitory
(C) sedentary
(D) kinetic
(E) convergent
33. CIVILITY:
(A) impassivity
(B) rudeness
(C) indiscretion
(D) dubiety
(E) indolence
34. VARIANCE:
(A) contingency
(B) congruity
(C) encumbrance
(D) usefulness
(E) distinctness
35. GENIAL:
(A) dyspeptic
(B) ceremonious
(C) wistful
(D) ravishing
(E) variable
36. DIURNAL:
(A) predictable
(B) ephemeral
(C) primitive
(D) nocturnal
(E) vestigial
37. APOLOGIST:
(A) accompanist
(B) protagonist
(C) supplicant
(D) critic
(E) conspirator
38. VIRULENT:
(A) auspicious
(B) polite
(C) salubrious
(D) vanquished
(E) intermittent
