1、Paradoxically, England’s colonization of North America was ----- by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country.

A, demonstrated

B, determined

C, altered

D, undermined

E, distinguished

paradoxically: adv.1.似非而是地，佯谬地 2.自相矛盾地 3.悖理地，反常地

colonization: n.殖民统治

prosperity: n.兴旺，繁荣昌盛

loyalty: n.忠诚

demonstrate: v.1.论证，证明 2.说明，教 3.显示，表露

alter: v.改变，改动，使变样

矛盾的是，英国在北美的殖民统治反而由于它的成功而遭到削弱：诸殖民地的日益繁荣减少了它们对其宗主国的依赖，因而亦减少了它们对它的忠诚。

2、Although Harry, Stack Sullivan is one of the most influential social scientists of this century, his ideas are now so ----- in our society that they seem almost --------.

A, novel.. antiquated

B, revolutionary.. fundamental

C, commonplace .. banal

D, disputed.. esoteric

E, obscure.. familiar

【翻译】虽然哈利·斯塔克·沙利文是本世纪最具影响的社会科学家之一但是现在看来，他的思想在我们的社会中显得如此普通平凡，以致于几近平庸。

3、Her first concert appearance was disappointingly perfunctory and derivative, rather than the--------performance in the -------style we had anticipated.

A, talented.. tenuous

B, prosaic.. classic

C, artistic.. mechanical

D, inspired.. innovative

E, literal.. enlightened

perfunctory: a.敷衍了事的，马虎的，得过且过的

derivative: a.1.派生的，衍生的 2.缺乏独创性的，模仿他人的

tenuous: a.1.细的，薄的 2.稀薄的，脆弱的

prosaic: a.1.散文的 2.平凡的，乏味的

inspired: a.受神灵启示的，在灵感支配下的

literal: a.1.逐字的，照字面的，原义的 2.只讲究实际的，缺乏想象力的，刻板的，如实的

enlightened: a.开明的，有知识的，文明的

她的首场音乐会演出令人失望地显得敷衍了事，且有模仿他人之嫌，而不是我们所期待的那种灵感迸发的演出和令人耳目一新的风格。

4、As is often the case with collections of lectures by ------ authors, the book as a whole is ------, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves.

A, different.. disconnected

B, incompetent.. abysmal

C, famous.. systematic

D, mediocre.. unexciting

E, various.. coherent

contribution: n.(投给报刊等的)稿件，文搞

incompetent: a.不称职的不胜任的

abysmal: a.深不可测的，无底的，极度的

对于那些由不同的作者的演讲录编辑而成的集子来说，常有的情形是，整本书会显得杂乱无章，尽管单独的稿件就其本身而言可谓很出色。

5、Although some consider forcefulness and ------- to be two traits desirable to the same degree, I think that making a violent effort is much less useful than main-taining a steady one.

A, promptness

B, persistence

C, aggression

D, skillfulness

E, lucidity

trait: n.特征，特点，特性

promptness: n.快捷，迅速

aggression: n.侵犯(行为)，侵略(行为)，挑衅

lucidity: n.明晰易懂，清澈透明

虽然有人认为强劲有力和坚持不懈这两种特征同等可取，但我认为作一剧烈的努力远没有维持一稳定的努力来得有用。

6、The popularity of pseudoscience and quack medicines in the nineteenth century suggests that people were very----- but the gullibility of the public today makes citizens of yesterday look like hard-nosed ------.

A, cautious.. educators

B, sophisticated.. realists

C, rational.. pragmatists

D, naive.. idealists

E, credulous.. skeptics

pseudoscience: n.伪科学

quack: n.冒牌医生，江湖骗子

hard-nosed: a.1.(猎犬)嗅觉不灵的 2.执拗的，倔强的，顽强的，不屈不挠的 3.(美俚)精明而讲究实际的

sophisticated: a.老于世故的，富于经验的，精通的

rational: a.1.理性的，理智的，明事理的 2.合理的 3.神智健全的

pragmatist: 实用主义者

naive: a.1.天真的 2.幼稚的，轻信的 3.未有过经验的

idealist: n.1.理想主义者，理想家，空想家 2.〔哲〕唯心主义者，唯心论者

credulous: a.轻信的，易受骗的，因轻信而引起的

sceptic: n.1.怀疑(论)者 2.怀疑宗教(尤指基督教)者

伪科学和江湖庸医在十九世纪的风靡一时，表明人们相当轻信，但当今公众之如此易于受骗上当，使得昨日的公民看上去犹若精明实际的怀疑者。

7、Though extremely ------ about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly ------- information about what they intended to do next.

A, idiosyncratic .. altering

B, guarded.. eschewing

C, candid.. uncovering

D, reticent. . soliciting

E, fastidious.. ruining