89. "Leaders are created primarily by the demands that are placed upon them."

领导者主要是由身负的责任所造就的。

Generally speaking, leaders are the results of a combination of internal qualities and external conditions.

1. The demands place upon a person could challenge him or her to become a leader.

2. However, the statement seems to suggest that anybody can become a leader if demands are placed on him or her, which is unwarranted.

3. Besides opportunities, one also need to have certain qualities to make a leader.

时势造英雄

93. "The concept of ’individual responsibility’ is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions, people’s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making."

个人责任的概念是一种很必要的虚构。尽管社会必须让个人对他们自己的行为负责，但是人们的行为很大程度上不是自己能够左右的。

1. The claim that individual responsibility is a necessary fictions has some merit in that a society where individuals are not held accountable for their actions and choices is a lawless one, devoid of any order whatsoever.

2. A correlative argument for individual responsibility involves the fact that lawless, or anarchist, states give way to despotic rule by strong individuals who seize power.

3. As for the speaker’s second claim, it flies in the face of our everyday experiences in making choices and decisions.

少数和多数之个人责任