1.participants become vulnerable(易受伤害的) to self-deception, false hopes, fantastic ideas, and even delusions On a personal level, stubborn(倔强，顽固) adherence to irrational beliefs in the face of reason and empirical evidence can lead to self-righteous(自以为是的) arrogance(傲慢，自大), intolerance, anti-social behavior, and even hatred. Moreover, on a societal level these traits have led all too often to holy wars, and to such other atrocities as genocide and mass persecution.

2.However, when such pursuits serve as substitutes for reason and logic, and for honest intellectual inquiry, participants begin to distrust intellect as an impediment to enlightenment. In doing so, they risk making ill-conceived(欠考虑的) choices for themselves and unfair judgments about others--a risk that in my view outweighs the psychological rewards of those pursuits.