【批判性思维助力知识经济时代】

Critical thinking is very important in the new knowledge economy. The global knowledge economy is driven by information and technology. One has to be able to deal with changes quickly and effectively. The new economy places increasing demands on flexible intellectual skills, and the ability to analyze information and integrate diverse sources of knowledge in solving problems. Good critical thinking promotes such thinking skills, and is very important in the fast-changing workplace.

【批判性思维强化语言能力】

Critical thinking enhances language and presentation skills. Thinking clearly and systematically can improve the way we express our ideas. In learning how to analyze the logical structure of texts, critical thinking also improves comprehension abilities.

【批判性思维促进创造力】

Critical thinking promotes creativity. To come up with a creative solution to a problem involves not just having new ideas. It must also be the case that the new ideas being generated are useful and relevant to the task at hand. Critical thinking plays a crucial role in evaluating new ideas, selecting the best ones and modifying them if necessary.

【批判性思维有助于个人进步】

Critical thinking is crucial for self-reflection. In order to live a meaningful life and to structure our lives accordingly, we need to justify and reflect on our values and decisions. Critical thinking provides the tools for this process of self-evaluation.

【批判性思维包含的能力】

Generally, critical thinking involves both problem solving and reasoning. In fact, these terms are often used interchangeably. But specifically, what are critical thinking skills? They include the ability to:

Make observations;

Be curious, asking relevant questions and finding the resources you need;

Challenge and examine beliefs, assumptions, and opinions against facts;

Recognize and define problems;

Assess the validity of statements and arguments

Make wise decisions and find valid solutions; and

Understand logic and logical argument

【批判性思维与学校学习】

The key to seeing the significance of critical thinking in the classroom is in understanding the significance of critical thinking in learning. To learn is to think. To think poorly is to learn poorly. To think well is to learn well. All content, to be learned, must be intellectually constructed. To learn the content of history, one must engage in the process of thinking historically. There are two phases to the learning of content. The first occurs when learners (for the first time) construct in their minds the basic ideas, principles, and theories that are inherent in content. This is a process of internalization. The second occurs when learners effectively use those ideas, principles, and theories as they become relevant in learners’ lives. This is a process of application.

【教师如何帮助学生】

Teachers could help students change:

From guessing to estimating,

From preferring to evaluating,

From grouping to classifying,

From believing to assuming,

From inferring to inferring logically,

From associating concepts to grasping principles,

From noting relationships to noting relationships among relationships,

From supposing to hypothesizing,

From offering opinions with reasons to offering opinions with reasons,

From making judgments without criteria to making judgments with criteria.

【何谓批判性思维】

Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally. It includes the ability to engage in reflective and independent thinking. Someone with critical thinking skills is able to do the following:

Raises vital questions and problems, formulating them clearly and precisely;

Gathers and assesses relevant information, using abstract ideas to interpret it effectively;