carve
【考法1】vi. 雕刻:to create a three-dimensional representation of (something) using solid material
【例】carved a statue out of rare marble 用純的大理石雕刻了一尊雕像
【近】sculpture
【考法2】v. (通過長期不懈努力)產生或導致:to produce or bring about especially by long or repeated effort
【例】finally carved out a niche for the sport in the school’s athletic program 在學校邉佑嫯嬛袑ふ业搅俗
己的定位 || carve out a way through the enemy 從敵營中殺出一條血路
【近】forge, grind out, thrash out, work out, work up
cast
【考法1】n. 演員,演員陣容:a set of characters or persons
【考法2】vt. 選派(演員):to assign (as an actor) to a role or part
【近】He was cast in the leading role. 他是男一號。
【考法3】vt. 提出:to put forth, give off, to place as if by throwing
【例】cast doubt on their reliability對它們的可靠性提出質疑
【近】discharge, emanate, irradiate, issue, shoot, throw out, give out
【考法4】v. 拋棄:to get rid of as useless or unwanted
【例】once she became rich and didn’t need them anymore, she cast off all her old friends like so much junk
當她有錢了不再需要朋友了,她把老友像糟粕一樣拋棄
【近】ditch, dump, jettison, toss
castigate
【考法1】v. 強烈(公開)指責:to criticize harshly and usually publicly
【例】The author castigated the prime minister as an ineffective leader. 作者譴責首相行政無作為。
【近】berate, chastise, lambaste, reprimand, reproach, rebuke, vituperate, excoriate, rail (at or against)
【反】approbate, accolade, extol 認可,讚美
【考法2】v. 懲罰:to inflict a penalty on for a fault or crime
【例】a judge who believes in castigating criminals to the full extent of the law 法官認為應該最大程度地懲罰
罪犯
【近】chasten, chastise, correct, discipline, penalize
【反】excuse, pardon, spare 寬恕
catalyze
【考法1】vt. 成為導火索,導致:to be the cause of (a situation, action, or state of mind)
【例】a reinstitution of the draft would catalyze protests around the country 草案的提出會激發全國範圍的抗議
