backhanded [5bAkhAnd] adj. 间接的,含沙射影的(indirect,devious;especially·sarcastic)
(反)backhanded ◆ forthright 间接的 ◆ 直接的
(记)backhand原义反手击球,引申为间接的
bacteria [ bAk5tiEriE ] n. 细菌,培养基
(类)bacteria·decomposition=yeast·fermentation 细菌造成腐烂=酵母造成发酵
bacterium·colony=citizen·nation 细菌·菌群=居民·国家(种属)
(反)host·parasite=medium·bacterium 寄主·寄生虫=细菌培养基·细菌
badge [bAdV] n. 徽章(a device of membership in a society)标志(a characteristic mark)
(类)chevron·badge=caisson·cart v型袖章·徽章=载炮车·大车 (种属)
【注:chevron:a sleeve badge that usually consists of one or more v-shaped stripes
caisson:a usually 2-wheeled vehicle for artillery ammunition】
badger [5bAdVE] vt. 不断纠缠(to harass or annoy persistently)
(类)badger·bother=belabor·mention(干扰:persecute·injure)
不断纠缠·使烦恼=喋喋不休·提及(重复和正常)
(记)bad ger(谐音“哥”)联想:坏哥哥不断纠缠。
badinage [bAdEn5B:V] n. 打趣,揶揄(playful repartee:banter)
(反)badinage ◆ serious discourse 打趣 ◆ 严肃的谈话
badinage ◆ sincere conversation 打趣 ◆ 严肃的交谈
badinage ◆ clear reference 揶揄 ◆ 清晰的指出
(记)bad inage=image 想象→坏想象→下流的想象→黄段子→打趣,揶揄
bait [beIt] v. 折磨(to persist in tormenting or harassing another;badger)
(反)disarm 抚慰,使消除敌意 mollify 抚慰 (干扰:fortify 使坚强)
【注】bait implies wanton cruelty or delight in persecuting a helpless victim /baited the chained dog/
disarm :to overcome or allay the suspicion, hostility, or antagonism of
His smile disarmed us. 他的微笑消除了我们的怒气。
(记)原义:饵, 诱惑物。联想:以饵引诱(动物)→欺负,折磨(哎,动物真可怜)
bale [ beil ] n. 极恶(great evil)v.痛苦,悲哀(woe,sorrow)
(反)bale ◆ mirth 悲哀 ◆ 高兴
(记)谐音“背”北方方言“点儿背”是遭遇不幸的意思→痛苦,灾祸
baleful [5beIlfJl] adj. 邪恶的,有害的(deadly or pernicious in influence)
(类)baleful·menace=solicitous·concern 邪恶的·邪恶=关切的·关心(形名同义)
(反)baleful ◆ beneficent 邪恶的 ◆ 仁慈的
balk [bC:lk] vt. 阻止(block)不肯前行,退缩(refuse to proceed)
(反)balk ◆ move ahead willingly 不肯前行 ◆ 欣然前行
(记)来自bar 栅栏,障碍物
balky [`bR:kI] adj. 不肯前行的,倔强的(refusing to proceed;restive, wrongheaded)
(反)balky ◆ tractable 倔强的 ◆ 温顺的
balky ◆ acquiesce 不听话的 ◆ 默许
ballad [5bAlEd] n. 民歌(a simple song)抒情民谣(a popular slow sentimental song)
(类)ballad·song=lyric·poem=comedian·actor 民谣·歌曲=抒情诗·诗歌=喜剧演员·演员
ballad·stanza=novel·chapter 民谣·诗节=小说·章节(组成)
【注】ballad:a narrative poem consisting of simple stanzas 民谣就是一种叙事诗歌
(记)ball 舞会 lad(谐音:拉的)联想:舞会上拉的(曲子)→抒情民谣
ballast [5bAlEst] n. 压舱物
(类)ballast·stability=truss/ girder·support=support 压舱物·稳定=托架/ 大梁·支撑
ballast·instability=purchase·slippage 压舱物·不稳=支点·滑动(前者防止后者)
(记)ball 球 一个小常识:船上的压舱物是大铁球。
ballet [5bAleI] n. 芭蕾舞(记)本身是音译词
(类)instrumentalist·symphony=dancer·ballet 演奏家·交响乐=舞蹈家·芭蕾舞
balloon v. 膨胀(to swell or puff out)迅速增加(to increase rapidly)
(反)balloon ◆ decrease slowly 迅速增加 ◆ 缓慢减少 (记)balloon 原义气球
list 4 balm-------- byzantine
balm [bB:m] n. 香膏(an aromatic preparation)安慰剂(a soothing restorative agency)
(类)antidote·poisoning=balm·irritation 解毒·毒=安慰剂·刺激(前者消除后者)
(反)balm ◆ piquant/ irritant 香膏 ◆ 辛辣物/ 刺激物
balmy ◆ inclement 温和的 ◆ 严酷的
balmy ◆ piquant 芬芳的 ◆ 辛辣的【注:balmy温和的(mild);芬芳的(fragrant)】
(记)与palm(手掌)一起记;宽大的手掌抚平心头的创伤。
banal [5beInl] adj. 凡的, 陈腐的(lacking originality, freshness, or novelty·trite)
(反)banal ◆ novel/ arresting 陈腐的 ◆ 有新意的/ 引人注意的
banality ◆ freshness 陈腐 ◆ 新鲜
banality ◆ original/ original expression 陈腐 ◆ 原创
(记)与banana一起记,香蕉容易腐烂。
band [ bAnd ] n.带子(flat, thin strip of material)收音机波段(range of frequencies)
bane n. 祸根 (cause of ruin)
(反)bane ◆ blessing 祸根 ◆ 福根
【注:blessing福根(a thing conducive to happiness or welfare)】
(反)bane ◆ benefit 祸根 ◆ 益处
salubrious ◆ baneful 有益健康的 ◆ 非常有害的
【注:baneful 非常有害的(seriously harmful)】
(记)注意和bale灾难,痛苦区别。bane强调灾难造成的原因。
banish [5bAnIF] vt. 驱逐(exile;to drive away;expel)
(类)evict·residence=banish·country 逐出·住宅=驱逐出·国家
(记)ban 禁止→禁止在这个国家停留→驱逐
