Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
During sleep, the fatigue (疲劳 ) of the body 47 and recuperation (恢复 begins. The tired mind gathers new energy.
Once awake, the memory improves, and annoyance and problems are seen in a better 48 .
Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four. __49__ sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily and, as they grow older, the 50__ gradually diminishes. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a 51 demanding job may also need ten, whereas an executive worker under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people are reputed to have required little sleep. Napoleon, Thomas Edison and Charles Darwin apparently 52 only four to six hours a night.
Whatever your 53 need, you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep __54 a favorite hour, a favorite bed, a favorite position, and a formula
you need to follow in order to rest comfortably.
Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours, nearly five days, 55 animals kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The __55_ for haman
beings is probably about a week.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ~ A ], [ B ], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Americans are a very energetic and mobile people, always on the run, rushing from one appointment to another, from a PTA meeting to a social planning committee. They have very little time to spend preparing elaborate everyday meals to be eaten at leisure. In many homes it is rare for the whole family to sit down at supper together. Clubs and commitments force them to grab a quick meal rather than a sit-down supper.
When they do have the chance to eat at home often the working housewife prefers to prepare meals which can be quickly heated and consumed. It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a sanctuary for fast food consumption.
This great transformation occurred after World War II when many women began to work full-time jobs and were spending less time at home with their families. Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of home-maker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity which had to be carefully used.
Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner. Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television.
Television became the latest fad in the fifties and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite televised program. The place for the evening’s supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.
As the customs changed, so did the culture. The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner. These were frozen meals which were sectioned off into portions of meat and vegetables. They could easily be popped into an oven and prepared within minutes. The tin trays in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consamed in front of a TV set. Cleaning up afterwards was no problem. The tin trays were easily tossed into the garbage.
From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road. At this time also the love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile. It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains. McDonald’s paved the way with its variety of burgers and shakes soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods. Today dozens of fast-food chain franchises can be found along highways, in modem shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America. Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger’s, Burger King and Wendy’s are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture. They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses. These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. Why Americans cannot eat elaborately prepared meals at leisure?
[A] Because they don’t like cooking themselves,
[B] Because there are more choices in the restaurants.
[C] Because they have many things to do.
[D] Because they can do nothing at leisure.
58. Americans have been the consumers of fast food since
[A] many women began to work full-time jobs
[B] the invention of fast food
[C] few women would like to be homemakers any more
[D] the great reform after World War II
59. Americans began to have supper in the living rooms because of
[A] the attraction of the radio
[B] their preference in fast food
[C] the shift of home focus
[D] the attraction of the television
60. The fast food chains began to flourish with __
[A] the development of the shopping malls
[B] the development of the superhighways
[C] the beginning of fast food chain franchises
[D] the change of Americans’ lifestyles
61. The main topic of the passage is __
[A] the beginning of fast food chains
[B] the changes of Americans’ eating customs
[C] the transformation of lifestyles
[D] the dieting of the American people
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Car crashes are the leading cause of injury and death among U.S. children, and though most of us now think of car seats as standard baby equipment, about half of all children under the age of four who died in vehicle accidents last year were not
restrained. It is calculated that only about two-thirds of children aged five to fifteen buckle their seat belts.
Moreover, the traffic-safety agency estimates that even among parents who always strap their children in, 85% are not doing it properly. They often don’t know where best to place the kids, don’t use the proper restraint for their age and weight, or don’t install the safety seats properly. Despite the reports about front seats collapsing onto back seats when certain car models get in accidents, the safest place in the car for any child up to the age of 12 is still the back seat. Babies up to 9 kg and one year old should ride in rear-facing infant seats.
Never place a child under age 12 in the front seat with a working passenger-side air bag. These devices are discharged at 320 km/h and can be triggered by low-speed fender benders. They have killed 77 kids in the U.S. since 1993. If you must place a child in front, make sure the passenger-side bag is switched off.
Children over age one should ride in forward-facing safety seats with a five-point harness system. A child who weighs at least 18 kg or at least lm high can graduate to a booster seat that elevates her so that the standard shoulder and lap belt fits properly.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. What does the author mainly discuss in this passage?
[A] How to avoid car crash.
[B] How to design safer baby equipment.
[C] How to educate children properly.
[D] How to properly secure children in the ear.
63. Which of the following is NOT among the "improper ways" mentioned in the passage?
[A] They don’t know where best to place the child.
[B] They don’t have the safety equipment for the child.
[C] They don’t use the proper restraint for the kid’s age and weight.
[D] They don’t install the safety seats properly.
64. Which of the following is the best seat for the children under 12?
[A] Forward-facing seats.
[B] Rear-facing seats.
[C] Front seats.
[D] Back seats.
65. The author indicates that a passenger-side air bag __
[A] might not be dangerous if switched off
[B] is designed for the safety of children
[C] is discharged at 320 km/h and will not triggered by other factors
[D] is not working ifa child sits in the seat
66. What does the word "graduate" (Line 2, Para. 4) mean?
[A] Finish schooling.
[B] Change to something else.
[C] Collapse.
[D] Stand.
Section A
文章精要
睡眠能使人消除疲劳、恢复精力。本文主要介绍不同年龄阶段的人和不同工种的人的睡眠时间，并谈到了人保持清醒的极限时间。
47.A答题时，看见and引导的两个并列句，可知动词时态需一致，且主语为第三人称单数，在备选项中找动词单数形式即可。把选中的A带入原文，意为“睡眠能使人消除疲劳”，符合常识，故选A。
48.C结合句意“一旦醒来，记忆力得到改善，然后就能以更好的_______来看待烦恼和问题”，名词中只有(
(观点，角度)最符合文意。
49.D所选词需首字母大写，在D、L中选择。上文提到成人每天所需的睡眠时间为8～10小时左右，由此可推断每天睡眠16～18个小时的应该是未成年人，D符合文意。
50.B结合常识可知，随着年龄的增长，婴儿睡眠的时间(量)逐渐减少，故选项中B(数量)符合文意。
51.G空格所在句主要提到A worker with a ______demanding job和an executive worker(行政工人)在睡眠时间上的对比，由此可推知前者应指体力劳动者，故G(身体上地)最符合文意。
52，I此句差谓语，所以空格处应为动词，且主语都是过世的人，时态用过去式，故选I。意为“显而易见的是拿破仑、爱迪生和达尔文平均每晚只睡4-6个小时”。
53.H空格处需填一形容词，在H、D之间选择。上文先列举了各类人包括名人的睡眠时间，按照逻辑，这里是说无论你的个人需求跟以上谈到的有何不同，故H符合文意。
54.E结合句意“到那个年纪你也会养成一个睡眠_______：最佳的入眠时间、最喜欢的床、最喜欢的睡姿…”可知，E(习惯，惯例)最符合文意。
55.K分析空格所在句，前半部分和后半部分形成对比关系，且此处应填入连词，选项中只有K符合。
56.F上文提到有关人能坚持多久不睡的调查，由此可推测空格所在句指的是人不睡眠的极限时间，故F符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
文章精要
文章指出，现在美国人很少能全家人坐在一起慢慢地共享晚餐，取而代之的是食用便于加工的半成品食物以及各式快餐。热衷于各类活动，习惯开车，原本是家庭主妇的女性外出工作，这些都是美国人就餐习惯改变的原因。
57.C综合推断题。文章首段指出，美国人精力充沛，总是四处奔忙，赶着赴一个又一个约会，赶着参加各种
活动。他们没有时间精心准备饭菜，也没时间悠闲地吃饭，许多家庭很少坐在一起吃晚饭。为了参加俱乐部和社团活动，他们常胡乱地吃口饭，由此推断，美国人有许多事要做，因此无法悠闲地吃精心准备的饭菜，故选C。
58.A综合推断题。文章第二段指出，美国成为快餐的消费大国;第三段指出，巨大的转变是在“二战”后发生的，当时许多女性开始做全职工作，在家与家人共处的时间减少了，她们想在做好家庭主妇的同时尽好职业女性的本分，因此要合理地利用时间，由此推断，自从大量女性开始做全职工作，原本的主妇不再有时间做饭，所以美国人经常食用快餐，故选A。
59.D综合推断题。文章第四段指出，在女性开始工作的同时，家庭娱乐的重心由收音机转向了电视，没人愿意错过自己喜爱的电视节目，因此吃晚餐的地点由饭厅转换到了起居室，由此推断，美国人开始在起居室吃饭是由于电视的吸引，故选D。
60.B信息明示题。文章最后一段第三句指出，随着高速公路的发展，美国出现了快餐连锁店，由此可知，快餐连锁店的繁荣发展是伴随着高速公路的发展而进行的，故选B。
61.B主旨题。文章首段指出，美国人现在四处奔忙，很少有时间悠闲地享用家里做的饭菜;第二段提到，他们在家通常吃方便食品;第三段指出，美国人饮食习惯的转变是由于“二战”后女性开始做全职工作;第四、五段指出，随着电视的流行，又出现了适合边看电视边吃的速冻快餐;最后一段指出，随着高速公路的发展，快餐连锁店开始繁荣起来。综合可知，文章的主题是美国人饮食习惯的转变，故选B。
Passage Two
文章精要
在美国，造成儿童车祸死亡的一大原因是他们没有受到适当的保护。文章论述了应该如何根据儿童的年龄、体重、身高等正确使用安全座椅或安全带以保护他们在车里的安全。
62.D主旨题。文章指出，造成儿童车祸死亡的一大原因是他们没有受到适当的保护，文章还介绍了如何根据儿童的年龄、体重、身高等正确使用安全座椅或安全带以保护他们在车中的安全，所以D正确。
63.B信息明示题。文章第二段第二句指出，家长通常不知道让孩子坐哪里最好，或是他们没有用适合孩子的安全带，或是安全座椅安装得不正确，即A、C、D都是不恰当的行为，但并没有提及B项，故选B。
64.D信息明示题。文章第二段最后指出，the safest place in the car for any child up to the age of 12 is still the back seat，即12岁以下的孩子应该坐车后座，所以D正确。
65.A综合推断题。文章第三段最后一句指出，如果你不得不让孩子坐车前座，你就必须关掉前座旁的安全气囊，由此推断，关掉后的安全气囊对孩子应该没有危险，所以A正确。
66.B语义题。文章最后一段指出，“体重超过18公斤或高于1米的孩子可以_______儿童增高座椅。”选项中A意为“毕业”，B意为“改换”，C意为“倒塌”，D意为“站立”，只有B符合句意，为答案。
