2016年英语四级备考冲刺模拟试题八
Part I Writing(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Smoking Be Completely Banned. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 有人赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是„„
2. 有人不赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是„„
3. 我的看法。
Should Smoking Be Completely Banned本文导航第1页写作第2页完形第3页阅读第4页改错第5页翻译第6页答案
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quicklyand answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and [D]. For questions 8-10,completethe sentences with the information given in the passage.
Space Our Future in Space: It Has Already Begun!
We are all space travelers. But we’ve stayed close to home until now. One day,we may leave our “mother ship”Earth to make our home among the stars.
A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about 8,000 miles in diameter, is speedingthrough the solar system right now. It is cruising at an incredible 66,600 milesper hour.
It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother ?ship. It’s spaceship Earth, the home ofover four billion people. This water coated spaceship has been traveling throughthe universe for about five billion years. Only within the past 25 years, however,have some of its passengers broken free of Earth’s gravityBut 25 years from now, many people, including you, might live in an orbitingspace station 200 miles above the Earth.
Space Cities
Scientists have already designed special space factories. These factories will take advantage of the absence of gravity (zero gravity) to produce everything from life saving drugs to perfect ball bearings.
Other scientists have designed space colonies, complete with farms, schools,and artificial day and night. Hundreds, or even thousands, of people will live, work,play—even go toschool, far above the Earth.
Our conquest of space, of course, has already begun. We have explored part of the Moon, sent robot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes past the planets of Jupiter and Saturn.
Last June, one robot ship, Pioneer 10, left our solar system forever. Andastronauts from both the Soviet Union and the United States have lived in spacestations.
The conquest of space, without question, is one of the greatest adventures human beings have ever set out on. But it may be more than a great adventure. Some scientists
think the conquest of space may be a necessity for survival of the human species.We are tearing up more and more of the Earth to get raw materials for industry.
And we are polluting the air and water as we manufacture products that we need or want. Almost everything that seems to make our lives more comfortable, and from
electricity to pesticides, uses up or alters a piece of our planet’s natural environment.
Why Go into Space?
Yet our solar system is full of resources. The moon is chockfull of valuable metals. So are the asteroids, the small, rocky, planet like bodies orbiting the sun most of them between Mars and Jupiter. These metals, if we can get them, could be used to build factories and space stations.Also, in space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into electricity for manufacturing, for creating comfortable living conditions.
Getting away from Earth has other advantages, too. Modern industry uses manykinds of metal alloys (mixtures of metal that are better for certain purposes thanpure metals). Yet some metal alloys either can’t be made or are very expensive to make on Earth because of gravity. For instance, certain metals don’t mix well onEarth. But in zero gravity, molten (hot, liquid) metals mix more evenly. This is because there is no gravity to pull the heavier metals down, while the lighter ones float on top.
From space, too, we can look down on the Earth and study the atmosphere, its weather, and the effects of air pollution.
And because there is no strong gravity to break free from, our future homes away from Earth will be convenient starting points for travel to distant planets.
But, while going into space might solve some problems, outer space can also be a dangerous place. For example, in outer space, we have to protect ourselves from the dangers of ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Ultraviolet light from the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earth’s atmosphere screens out most of that harmful radiation. Cosmic rays are tiny high ?energy particles from outer space. Again, the Earth shields us from most of them.
At Home in Space?
But in space, without special protection, we would be exposed to much stronger radiation from ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Also, in the zero gravity of outer space, our bones will lose calcium and become weaker. This will be more of a problem the longer people stay out in space. Doctors are looking for a way to keep our bones from losing calcium in outer space. And a small spaceship just might “drive you batty” after a while. But even on a short trip in outer space, you might not feelas well as you’d like to. Space travel could make you seasick!
Yet, these risks won’t keep people from going into space. Eventually, an Earth like environment will be built in space. And they will be populated by people with many different interests: medicine, construction, farming, teaching, mining, and so on.
The next hundred years will be filled with other worldly adventures, exciting scientific discoveries, and danger, as humans leave Earth—perhaps forever.
Aging in Space
Suppose a space traveler is moving at a velocity of 186,200 miles per second.
For every hour that passes for him, 30 hours pass on Earth. If he travels for a year in this fashion (having accelerated instantaneously) and then turns around and comes back at this speed (having turned around instantaneously), he will find that while he has seemed to himself to have traveled two years, the men on Earth would claim he had been absent for 30 years.
Suppose the space traveler had left at the age of 30, leaving behind a twin brother also aged 30. When he returned he would be 32, but his stay at home twin
brother would be 60. That is why the “clock paradox”, is sometimes called the “twin paradox”.
Of course it takes quite a long while to accelerate to a high speed, and a long while to make a turn and head back again, so conditions aren’t quite as clear cut as just described.
1.The giant, spherical spaceship mentioned in the passage is.
[A]the outer space[B]a man made spaceship
[C]the planet Earth[D]the Star Wars mothe ship
2.Some persons have traveled into outer space after conquering within the past 25years.
[A]the universe[B]Earth’s gravity
[C]the earth[D]outer space
3.We have explored or sent robot spaceships to the following space except.
[A]the moon[B]Venus[C]Jupiter[D]Mars
4.Why is the conquest of space more than a great adventure?
[A]Because it is full of challenges for human beings.
[B]Because it may be necessary for human beings to survive.
[C]Because it is the greatest adventure in human history.
[D]Because it is more exciting than any other adventures.
5.The moon and the asteroids are alike with respect to their .
[A]size and moving ways[B]comfortable living conditions
[C]rich and valuable metals[D]solar energy
6.Why can’t ultraviolet light scorch our skin on Earth as seriously as it does in space places?
[A]Because the Earth’s atmosphere can make ultraviolet light less harmful.
[B]Because ultraviolet can’t reach the Earth at all.
[C]Because the Earth is far away from those planets radiating ultraviolet light.
[D]Because other space places is near from those planets radiating ultravioletlight.
7.In spite of many risks, scientists will finally build in space suitable for humans to live.
[A]an environment without ultraviolet light
[B]a lot of homes
[C]an Earth like environment
[D]an environment with atmosphere
8.The reason some metal alloys can’t be made on Earth is that the heavier metals together with the lighter ones.
9.In space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the sun’s energy. There is plenty
of solar energy to be turned into, for creating comfortable living conditions.
10.According to the author, will be caused to a man in gravity free space.本文导航第1页写作第2页完形第3页阅读第4页改错第5页翻译第6页答案
Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How
much of the warming is our fault, and are we 47 to slow the devastation by controlling
our insatiable 48 for fossil fuels?
Global warming can seem too 49 to worry about, or too uncertain ?something projected
by the same computer 50 that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a raw
winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad
thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 51change can sound like an
environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our
lifestyles.
Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some
discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating
up right now, and fast. Globally, the 52is up 1°F over the past century, but some
of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t pretty.
Ice is 53, rivers are running dry, and coasts are 54, threatening communities.
The 55are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind, because
they are omens of what’s in store for the 56 of the planet.
[A]remote[B]techniques[C]consisting[D]rest[E]willing
[F]climate[G]skill[H]appetite[I]melting[J]vanishing
[K]eroding[L]temperature[M]curiosity[N]changes[O]skillful
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked[A], [B], [C]and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature,and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals osuccess. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self ?confidence it would be unfortunateto set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon inorder to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added,
“You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given your
best effort.”
57.In the first paragraph, the author implies that are essential in achieving
success.
[A]ability and goals [B]goals and determination
[C]ability and environment [D]goals and environment
58.The word “frugal”(Line 2, Para. 2) means.
[A]wealthy [B]wasteful
[C]thrifty [D]miserable
59.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because.
[A]their life is miserable [B]they do not live in peace
[C]their goals are too low [D]they are not rich enough by their own standards
60.The last paragraph implies that.
[A]we should have high goals
[B]success means achieving great goals
[C]success means taking a walk in the park
[D]success means trying one’s best at what one really likes
61.This passage mainly talks about.
[A]the definition of success [B]how to achieve success
[C]how to set goals [D]the importance of goals
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great
mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look ?say”or “whole ?word”method of
teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.
The whole word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaningof letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar wordsover developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self directed, “learning how to learn”activities recommended by advocates (倡导者)of “open”classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run ?Spot ?Run”readers.
However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best ?seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted(控
诉)the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look say method. He said—and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed—that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(语音学),is far superior.
Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply
recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.
62.The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is .
[A]only logical and natural[B]the expected position
[C]probably a mistake [D]merely effective instruction
63.The author indicts the look say reading approach because .
[A]it overlooks decoding[B]Rudolf Flesch agrees with him
[C]he says it is boring [D]many schools continue to use this method
64.One major difference between the look say method of learning reading and the
phonics method is .
[A]look say is simpler[B]phonics takes longer to learn
[C]look say is easier to teach [D]phonics gives readers access to far more
words
65.The phrase “touch off” (Line 1, Para.3) most probably means .
[A]talk about shortly [B]start or cause
[C]compare with [D]oppose
66.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?
[A]Phonics approach regards whole word method as unimportant.
[B]The whole word approach emphasizes decoding.
[C]In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.
[D]Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast
majority of most common words can be learned.本文导航第1页写作第2页完形第3页阅读第4页改错第5页翻译第6页答案
Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won’t get through college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 70for everybody. The hint is “don’t get 71 ”.The problem of studying, 72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend. 75 the fastest readers have trouble 76that. And if you are behind in written work that must be 77, the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 79. Getting behindin one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 80. Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t 81one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should83all their time to it. 84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85, begin with the shortest and easiest 86. Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.
67.[A]good[B]easily
[C]sufficiently[D]well
68.[A]until[B]after
[C]while[D]so
69.[A]somebody[B]nobody
[C]everybody[D]anybody
70.[A]follow[B]go
[C]operate[D]work
71.[A]behind[B]after
[C]slow[D]later
72.[A]hardly[B]unpleasant
[C]hard[D]heavy
73.[A]improbable[B]necessary
[C]impossible[D]inevitable
74.[A]week’s work[B]weeks’works
[C]weeks’work[D]week’s works
75.[A]Even[B]Almost
[C]If[D]With
76.[A]to do[B]doing
[C]at doing[D]with doing
77.[A]turned in[B]tuned up
[C]turned out[D]given in
78.[A]very[B]quite
[C]such[D]too
79.[A]anyway[B]either
[C]at all[D]that
80.[A]solution[B]method
[C]answer[D]excuse
81.[A]help[B]encourage
[C]assist[D]improve
82.[A]expense[B]pay
[C]debt[D]charge
83.[A]devote[B]put
[C]spend[D]take
84.[A]Whichever[B]Whatever
[C]However[D]Wherever
85.[A]attraction[B]decision
[C]temptation[D]dilemma
86.[A]arrangements[B]way
[C]assignments[D]class本文导航第1页写作第2页完形第3页阅读第4页改错第5页翻译第6页答案
Part ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)
Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.Not only (他向我收费太高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
88.The murderer (混在人群当中)with an attempt to shoot at the Prime Ministerwhenever he seized a chance.
89.The emergence of e ?commerce and the fast ?growing Internet economy are (为
中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).
90.That Canadian speaks Chinese (和他说英语一样流利).
91.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was (忙着准备) herexamination.本文导航第1页写作第2页完形第3页阅读第4页改错第5页翻译第6页答案
Key to Model Test Two
Part I Writing
【写作思路】
本文要求写一篇针对吸烟问题的议论文。要求写出赞同禁止吸烟、反对禁止吸烟以及自己对
待这个问题的看法。
【参考范文】
Should Smoking Be Completely Banned?
Some people maintain that smoking should be completely banned. In their opinions,smoking is harmful not only to the smokers but also to the people around. Moreover,
smoking is a waste of money. When one smokes a cigarette, he/she is actually burning money.
Other people do not agree. They believe that smoking helps to sharpen one’s mind and prevents one from sleeping. And smoking does not seem to shorten one’s life
since many people who smoke live a long life. Also the government gets a lot of money from cigarette taxes.
In my view, everyone has the right to choose his/her own way of life, but one does not have the right to impose his/her way of life on other people. So smoking in public places should be banned but in some areas it can be allowed.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
【全文翻译】
我们都是太空游客。但是直到如今，我们仍然离家很近。总有一天，我们会离开我们的“母亲船”——地球——在一些星球上安家落户。
现在，一个直径大约8,000 英里的巨大球形“宇宙飞船”正飞驰在太阳系中。其巡航速度简直不可思议，每小时达66,600 英里。它不是《星球大战》中的母亲船这样的庞然大物，而是地球这艘太空船，上面载有40 亿人。这艘由水覆盖的太空飞船一直在宇宙中遨游了大约50 亿年。然而，就在过去的25 年里，有一些乘客摆脱了地球的重力。今后25 年，许多人，包括你，可能会生活在一个距离地球200 英里的轨道空间站上。空间城市科学家们已经设计出特殊的空间工厂。这些工厂将充分利用无重力(零重力状态)来制造从挽救生命的药物到完美的滚珠轴承的任何东西。其他科学家也设计出拥有农场、学校和人造昼夜的太空居民区。成百上千、甚至成千上万的人将会在这些远离地球的太空居民区生活、工作和玩耍。当然我们对太空的征服已经开始了。我们已经登上了月球，把机器人宇宙飞船送上了金星和火星，展开了对木星和土星的空间探测。去年6 月，先锋10 号机器人飞船飞出了太阳系，苏联和美国的宇航员也居住在了空间站。毫无疑问，征服太空是人类着手进行的最伟大的历险之一，但它远不止是一个伟大的历险。科学家们认为，征服太空可能是人类生存的需要。为了获得工业原料，我们对地球造成越来越多的坏。在生产我们所需或想要的产品时，我们污染了空气和水。几乎所有一切看起来使我们的生活更舒适的东西，从电能到杀虫剂，都部分地消耗或改变了地球的自然环境。为什么要进入太空?我们的太阳系资源丰富。月球上储藏着大量的贵重金属，位于火星和木星之间的大多数小行星也如此。这些小行星类似行星，围绕着太阳旋转，体积小、岩石多。如果我们能获得这些金属，可以用它们来制造工厂和空间站。此外，太空中没有能过滤太阳能的空气，可以把丰富的太阳能转变成电能并用于生产，从而创造舒适的生活条件。远离地球还有其他一些优点。现代工业使用多种金属合金(符合特定目的而比纯金属更好的金属混合物)，但是受地心引力的作用，有些金属合金或者不能在地球上制造，或者价格非常昂贵。例如，某些金属在地球上不能融合。但是，在零重力状态下，熔化的(热的、液态的)金属融合的更均匀，原因是没有使较重金属下沉而较轻金属上浮的重力。此外，我们可以从太空中俯视地球，究大气、天气和空气污染带来的影响。再者，我们未来远离地球的家不存在需要挣脱的强大重力，所以我们去遥远行星的旅游将变得很方便。虽然进住太空可能会解决一些问题，但是外层空间也可能会是一个危险的地方。例如，在外层空间中，我们必须保护自己免受紫外线和宇宙射线的危险。虽然阳光中的紫外线会使我们遭受严重的日光灼伤，但是地球上的大气却可以遮挡大部分的这种有害辐射。而且，地球还可以保护我们避免遭受大部分来自外层空间的高能微粒这些宇宙射线的伤害。无拘无束的太空?如果在太空中没有特殊的保护，我们会暴露在更强的紫外线和宇宙射线的辐射中。同时，在零重力的外层空间，我们的骨头会因为失钙而变得更加脆弱。人们在太空中待的时间越久，这个问题就越严重。医生们正在研究一种方法，以避免我们骨头中的钙在外层空间丢失。在小宇宙飞船中坐一会儿可能“让你抓狂”。 在外层空间，即使是短暂的旅行，你也可能感觉不像想象的那样舒服，太空旅行能让你晕船!然而，这些风险不会阻止人们进入太空。人们最终将会在太空建立起跟地球一样的空间环境，其中居住着许多人，他们有不同的兴趣领域，例如医药、建筑、农业、教学和矿山等等。未来的百年间将充满历险、令人兴奋的科学发明和危险，人类也将离开地球——可能永远地。
空间的年龄计算
假设一个太空旅行者的速度是每秒186,200 英里，那么他每过1 小时，就等同于地球上的30 小时。如果他以这种方式(及时加速)旅游一年，然后以同样的速度(及时加速)转身返回，他会发现，自己看来好像旅游了两年，但地球上的人声称他已经离开了三十年。假设这个太空旅行者是在30 岁时离开地球的，当时留下了一个年龄30 岁的孪生兄弟。当他年满32 岁回来的时候，其待在家里的孪生兄弟却60 岁了。这就是为什么“时钟佯谬”有时也被称为“孪生佯谬”的原因。当然，要加速到一定的高速度需要相当长的一段时间，要掉头并再次转回来也需要很长的一段时间，所以情况并不像描述的那么简单。
【答案解析】
1.【解析】[C]属细节推断题。根据题干的意思，本文中提到的巨大的球形宇宙飞船是指什么?根据本文第一个小标题下的第二段首句“A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about8,000 miles...”和第三段的首句“It’s not a giant, Star Wars mother ship. It’s spaceship Earth...”，其中的“it”指代的就是“a giant, spherical ‘spaceship’”，由此可以知道C 项是正确答案。其他选项虽然在文中均有提及，但都不是该题的正确答案。
2.【解析】[B]属细节推断题。题干中的past 25 years 是关键词，直接定位到第一个小标题下第三段的最后一句话“Only within the past 25 years, ... its passengers brokenfree of Earth’s gravity”。通过比较可知，该题干是对原句的改写，答案应该是B，可以直接选择。其他选项原文中都有提及，但是与该题均无关，不是正确答案。
3.【解析】[C]属同义转换题，注意本是一种排除性选择题。分析题干，本题考查人类还没有征服或者探索过的空间;或者，根据题支中的四个备选项，可以将该题的答案定位在小标题“Space Cities”下的第三段的最后一句话，“We have explored part of the Moon, sentrobot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes pastthe planets of Jupiter and Saturn”，可知C 是正确答案。其他选项文中均有提及，都是人类已经征服或者探索过的空间，不是正确答案。
4.【解析】[B]属同义转换题。根据题干中关键词“more than a great adventure”，可以将答案锁定在文章小标题“Space Cities”下的第五段的最后两句话，“... more than a greatadventure... may be a necessity for survival of the human species”。其中，第二句是对第一句的解释，而题支B 正是该句的同义互换，所以答案选B 项。其他选项在文中均未提及。
5.【解析】[C]属细节推断题。题干中 是“asteroids” 关键词，答案可以锁定在文章小标题“Why Go into Space”之下的第一段的第二、三句话“The moon is chockfull of valuablemetals. So are the asteroids...”。其so”表示后面与前句话的内容相同。题干对这两句话做了综合，并进行了同义互换，经推断可知C 是正确答案。答案A 文中没有提及，答案B 和D 均与题干要求不符。
6.【解析】[A]属同义转换题。根据题干中关键词“ultraviolet light”，答案可以锁定在文章小标题“Why Go into Space”下的最后一段的倒数第三、四句话，“Ultraviolet lightfrom the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earth’s atmospherescreens out most of that harmful radiation”这与选项A 的意思一致，所以答案选A项。选项B 本身就是错误的，选项C 和D 在文中均没有提及。
7.【解析】[C]属同义转换题。题干中的“risks”是关键词，可以将答案定位在“At Homein Space”这一小节下的第二段的前两句话，“Yet, these risks won’t keep people fromgoing into space. Eventually, an Earth like environment will be built in space”。题干是对这两句话的综合和同义互换，由此可知选项C 是正确答案。其他选项原文均未提及。
8.【解析】do not mix well 根据Why Go into Space 中的第二段的第三、四句话，可以得到我们所需要的答案。
9.【解析】electricity for manufacturing 根据Why Go into Space 的第一段得出该题目答案。
10.【解析】the losing of calcium 根据At Home in Space 第一段第四句话找出题目所需要的答案。也可以写为the loss of calcium。
Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
Section A
【答案解析】
47.【解析】[E]此处应填入E 项，be willing to 为固定搭配。
48.【解析】[H]此处应填入一个名词，而appetite 通常和介词for 搭配，此处句子的意思
为控制我们无止境的欲望。
49.【解析】[A]此处应填入一个形容词，根据上下文意思应选A 项，意即:全球气候变暖似
乎离我们太遥远，以至于我们无需为此担心。
50.【解析】[B]此处应填入一个名词，而与computer 搭配的名词在选项中根据上下文意
思B 为正确选项。
51.【解析】[F]根据上下文意思此处应表达气候变化之意，因此F 为正确选项。
52.【解析】[L]该题较为简单，表示“上个世纪全球的气温上升了1 华氏度”，应能迅速找
出正确答案。
53.【解析】[I]显然ice 与melt 搭配，因此I 为正确选项。
54.【解析】[K]此处应填入一个现在分词，表示“海岸受到侵蚀”，因此应选K 项。
55.【解析】[N]该题较为简单，应填入一个复数名词，所以填入N 项。
56.【解析】[D]选D 项，the rest of 为固定搭配。
【答案解析】
57.【解析】[C]细节题。文章第一段，作者表明要获得成功，能力和环境是很基本的条件。见文章第一段第三句话，“Because each of us possesses ...genetic ability and favorable environments ...”由于我们每个人的天生能力和后天成长环境的不同„„由此可知，C 为正确答案。
58.【解析】[C]词汇题。“frugal”这个词的意思是节俭的，朴素的。见第二段第二句，“...the poor shepherd who ...enjoys his frugal life ...”通过下文提到的拥有财富的人的对
比，可以推测出该词的意思是节俭朴素的。
59.【解析】[D]细节题。有些富人并不觉得他们成功，因为以他们自己的标准他们还不够富。见文章第二段第三句，“On the other hand ...many of them ...consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success”根据他们自己的目标来判断，他们并不认为自己是成功的，由此可知D 为正确答案。
60.【解析】[D]细节题。文章最后一段表明，成功意味着尽自己所能做自己喜欢的事情。见文章最后一句，“You have not really failed ...for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like ...”在你没有尽全力做自己喜欢的事而失败之前，你的失败都不算真正的失败, 由此可推断出作者暗示成功就是尽全力做自己喜欢的事，所以D 为正确答案。
61.【解析】[A]主旨题。这篇文章主要谈的是成功的定义。文章第一句话就是全文的主题句，每个人对成功的定义不同。接下来的几段也都是从不同的角度定义成功，所以A 为正确答案。
Passage Two
【答案解析】
62.【解析】[C]细节题。本题的线索是第一段的第二句话，其中的relying on educators与题干中的counting on educators 是相同的意思。
63.【解析】[A]细节题。作者先在第一段的最后一句说“look ?say”或“whole ?word”的阅读教学方法是失败的，第二段分析了这种方法失败的原因，是因为它“stresses themeaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding ...”。
64.【解析】[D]推断题。文章在最后一段谈到了phonics method 的特点和好处，本题线索见该段的第二句话“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary ofmemorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majorityof the most common words in the English language can be learned”，可见这种方法能
使学习者获得更大的词汇量。
65.【解析】[B]词义题。本题要求利用上下文猜测单词的意思。根据第二段的最后一句，在1963 年以前，出版的东西都是教授使用whole word 的方法的，紧接着用了转折词however，说在1955 年，Rudolf Flesch “touched off”一场争论，因此此处的touch off必然是“引起”的意思。
66.【解析】[C]推断题。本题要求有较好的综合能力才能做得既快又准。从第二段中综合出whole word 阅读方法的特点：强调单词的意思，没有decoding;由此即可知B、D 是错的;在文章的最后一句话，作者指出Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences，所以A 也是不对的。
【答案解析】
67.【解析】[D]well 是副词，good 是形容词，所以A 不可。此处要与后面的doesn’t work
at all 形成对比，而B、C 没有对比的作用。
68.【解析】[A]此句的意思是你一直进行尝试，直到找到适合自己的学习方法。因而此处的连词要表达“直到”的意思。
69.【解析】[B]线索是空格后的else，两个词连起来表示“(除了你自己)，别的任何人都不能„„”。
70.【解析】[D] work 常用于抽象的意义，表示起作用的意思。请参照第一句中的动词。
71.【解析】[A] get (fall, be) behind 等都表示落后的意思，根据上下文，显然是说，我们在学习上不要落后。
72.【解析】[C]此处要求填一个形容词，A 可排除。又根据上下文，可以理解出这句话的意思应该是：学习的问题是，一开始的时候是非常难的，而当你想在一周内完成三周的事情
时则变得几乎是不可能的。这时谈的是难度的问题，因此选其他的答案是不合适的。如果直接解此题有困难，可以先做后面的题。
73.【解析】[C]根据从句中的意思来判断本题的答案。要在一周内做三周的事，毫无疑问，应当说这是几乎不可能的。
74.【解析】[C]表面考的是所有格的用法，实际上考的是名词的数。三周肯定是复数，week必须是复数形式;work 是不可数名词。答案就一目了然了。
75.【解析】[A]本题考查的是篇章词汇。解题也有两种方法。第一种方法从篇章的角度着手，承接上面一段，说的是学习的困难，在这里显然是说“即使”是读得最快的人也有困难，选A 顺理成章。第二种方法从句法着手。这一一个简单句，显然不能填连词和介词，C、明显错误。单就本句来说，选almost 也是不能的。
76.【解析】[B] have trouble 后要求接动名词。
77.【解析】[A] turn in 的意思是“交上去，上交”，其他的选项是：turn up 出现; turnout 出来，结果是;give in 让步。
78.【解析】[D]此处表示“过晚”之意，用too。
79.【解析】[C]考查常用句型not ...at all。
80.【解析】[D]这一句及其下一句是说因为你在别的科花的时间太多而在另一科落后，前者不是后者的理由。所以此处要选表示“借口、理由”意思的词，即excuse。
81.【解析】[A]表示笼统的“有用”的动词是help。
82.【解析】[A] at the expense of 的意思是“以„„为代价”。
83.【解析】[A]注意后面的介词to，所以这是一个固定搭配。
84.【解析】[B]考查句型“What is the reason that ...”。
85.【解析】[C]前面所说的明显是一种诱惑，所以要选temptation。
86.【解析】[D]前面说的是上某课的事，所以选class。
Part Ⅵ Translation
87.【答案】did he charge me too much / did he overcharge me
88.【答案】mingled with the crowds
89.【答案】providing new growth opportunities for China’s foreign and domestic trade
90.【答案】as fluently as he speaks English
91.【答案】busy preparing for
