写作：
随着国家的二胎政策的公布，也许在不久的将来，独生子女就成了少数群体了。在还没有二胎成群的时候，我们一起来看看作为独生子女有哪些利与弊吧!
作文题目：
Advantage and Disadvantages of Being an Only Child
参考范文：
My father used to talk to me about his five siblings. He used to say that I was unfortunate that I had none. And I used to envy him and wonder how nice it would be to have a houseful of brothers and sisters. I also used to wonder what would happen to me if I were to lose my parents. Frankly speaking, I do not have to share anything with anybody. I own all my parents’ love. I can ask for anything I want. I always wear new clothes and eat the best food. Since my parents spend all their money on me, I can study at the best university of the country.
Lucky as I am, I now and then feel very lonely and I have nobody to complain about my loneliness. How I long for a quarrel with my brothers and sisters! Of course I have classmates and friends, but they are different. Sometimes I feel so pessimistic that after my parents leave the world, I will have no blood relatives left to share with me the fond memories of my parents. Furthermore, I am likely to become selfish while I realize the world is for sharing.
So, I am happy but lonely; I am fortunate but piteous; I am loved but spoiled; I am well-bred but selfish, because I am the only child of the family.本文导航第1页写作第2页阅读理解1第3页阅读理解2第4页阅读理解3第5页阅读理解4第6页翻译
阅读理解
Accreditation is a system for setting national standards of quality in education. The United States is unique in the would because its accreditation system is not administered by the government, but rather by committees of educators and private agencies, like the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools and the Society of Engineers.
Before registering to study in any educational institution in the U. S., a student should make certain that the institution is accredited in order to assure that the school has a recoginized standard of organization, instruction, and financial support. Foreign students should be particularly careful to check an institution’s accreditation because other governments or future employers may not recognize a degree earned from a school that has not recevied accreditation.
If a college is accredited, catalogues and brochures will usually indicate the accreditation status. If you are not sure about a certain school, don’t hesitate to check its requtation with an education officer at the nearest U. S. embassy.
1. The word ’unique’ in line 2 most nearly means ________.
a. unusual
b. first
c. standard
d. large
2. What school students do in order to check the accreditation of a school that may interest them?
a. Write to the school
b. Write to the U. S. Ministry of Education
c. Register to study at the school
d. Consult a U. S. embassy offical
3. From this passage, it may be concluded that an unaccredited
school ________.
a. does not coffer degree
b. may close because of financial disorganization
c. is administered by the government
d. is better than an accredited school
4. The title that best expresses the ideas in this passage is ________.
a. studying in the untied states
b. accreditation
c. how to find the best school
d. the middle states association of colleges and secondary schools
答案：adbb本文导航第1页写作第2页阅读理解1第3页阅读理解2第4页阅读理解3第5页阅读理解4第6页翻译
Personality is, to large extent, inherent - A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.
One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs"moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than thier B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".
By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into ’B’s. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.
1. Acoording to the author, waht factors contribute to the building of personality?
a. inheritance
b. inheritance, competition and environment
c. competition
d. environment
2. Which of the following statements is not ture according to the author of the passage?
a. Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.
b. Students are often divided by competition results.
c. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.
d. The stronger desire for winning, the better.
3. The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ________.
a. pull up
b. take up
c. take in
d. pull in
4. What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?
a. positive
b. negative
c. doubtful
d. neutral
5. what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?
a. All students be made into competitive A types.
b. A child’s personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.
c. All students be changed into
B. characteristics
d. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.
答案：bdccb本文导航第1页写作第2页阅读理解1第3页阅读理解2第4页阅读理解3第5页阅读理解4第6页翻译
Asked to name their favorite city, many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay. The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States took possession of it in 1846 during the war with Mexico.
San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in 1848. A great rush to California took place. Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across 2000 miles of prairie and mountains, while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn. The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers - then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in the bay. Within two years, California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population.
The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate, an easy style of living, good food, and numerous tourist attractions. The city is famous for its cable cars which "clang and bang" up the steep hills, and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf. Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.
1. According to this article, who were the first Californians?
a. deserters from sailing ships
b. spanish ranchers
c. gold miners
d. tourists
2. san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors ________.
a. attractive lifestyle, good seafood, desirable weather
b. tourist attactions, extreme seasons, cable cars
c. wagon trains, gold mining, good climate
d. cable cars, pleasent climate, flat terrain
3. san francisco today is a thriving city because of ________.
a. heavy industry
b. governmental headquarters
c. goldmining
d. trade and tourism
4. In waht year did California become an American state?
a.1850
b.1852
c.1846
d.1848
答案: bada本文导航第1页写作第2页阅读理解1第3页阅读理解2第4页阅读理解3第5页阅读理解4第6页翻译
Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be game of some kind football, hockey, golf, or tennis. It may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonsihment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of adifferent kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a ’team game’. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no ’matches’ between ’teams’ of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport tequires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and their certianly experience equal enjoyment.
1. Mountaineering involves ________.
a. cold
b. hardship
c. physical risk
d. all of the above
2. The difference between a sport and a game has to do with the kind of ________.
a. activity
b. rules
c. uniform
d. participants
3. Mountaineering can be called a team sport because ________.
a. it is an Olympic event
b. teams compete against each other
c. mountaineers depend on other while climbing
d. there are 5 climbers on each team
4. Mountaineers compete against ________.
a. nature
b. each other
c. other teams
d. international standards
5. Choose the best title for the passage ________.
a. mountaineering is different from golf and football
b. mountaineering is more attractive than other sports
c. mountaineering
d. mountain climbers
答案：dbcac本文导航第1页写作第2页阅读理解1第3页阅读理解2第4页阅读理解3第5页阅读理解4第6页翻译
承德避暑山庄
承德避暑山庄(the Chengde Mountain Resort)是淸代皇帝避暑和处理政务的场所。它的最大特色是山中有园，园中有山。避暑山庄宫殿区位于湖泊南岸，地形(terrain)平坦，是皇帝处理朝政、举行庆典和生活起居的地方。整个山庄东南多水，西北多山，是中国自然地貌的缩影(microcosm)。山庄整体布局巧用地形，与其他园林相比，有其独特的风格。山庄的建筑既具有南方园林的特点，又多沿袭北方常用的手法，成为南北建筑艺术完美结合的典范。
The Chengde Mountain Resort was a place for emperors in the Qing Dynasty to spend the summer time and deal with the administrative affairs.Its most prominent feature is the gardens and mountains embodying each other.The palace area of the Mountain Resort is located at the south of the lake on flat terrain.The emperor lived, handled state affairs and held celebrations there.The Mountain Resort is a microcosm of China’s natural landscape,with a great deal of water as in southeast China, and a great number of mountains as in northwest China.The overall layout of the Mountain Resort makes good use of the terrain, and has its unique style compared with other Chinese gardens.The architectural style of the Mountain Resort not only draws some features from southern gardens but also follows some common practices of northern architecture, modeling a perfect combination of southern and northern architectural art.
1.避暑和处理政务：其中“避暑”可理解为“度过夏天”，故译为spend the summer time：“处理政务”译为deal withadministrative affairs.
2.山中有园，园中有山：可译为the gardens andmountains embodying each other.
3.举行庆典：可译为hold celebrations.
4.整个山庄东南多水，西北多山，是中国自然地貌的缩影：此处主句为“山庄是中国自然地貌的缩影”，可译为The Mountain Resort is a microcosm of China’snatural landscape…“东南多水，西北多山”可作伴随状语，译为with引导的复合结构，即with a great dealof water as in southeast China，and a great number of mountains as in northwest China.
5.巧用地形：其中“巧用”即“充分利用”，可译为make good use of.
6.与其他园林相比，有其独特的风格：可译为has its unique style compared with other Chinesegardens.其中“compared”为过去分词作状语。
7.具有南方园林的特点：即“源自南方园林的特点”，译为some features from.
8.沿袭北方常用的手法：其中“沿袭”可译为follow;“常用的手法”可译为common practice.
9.成为南北建筑艺术完美结合的典范：其中“…的完美结合”可用a perfect combination of…表达。
