2017年吉林高考英语完型填空专题模拟18
As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6，000～7，000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations—UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.
Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that_tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials—including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded —the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project—Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.
32. Many scholars are making efforts to ________.
A. promote global languages
B. rescue disappearing languages
C. search for language communities
D. set up language research organizations
33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Having full records of the languages.
B. Writing books on language teaching.
C. Telling stories about language users.
D. Living with the native speakers.
34. What is Turin’s book based on?
A. The cultural studies in India.
B. The documents available at Yale.
C. His language research in Bhutan.
D. His personal experience in Nepal.
35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?
A. Write, sell and donate.
B. Record, repair and reward.
C. Collect, protect and reconnect.
D. Design, experiment and report.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了学者们正在努力记录濒临消失的语言和文化，以挽救这些语言和文化。耶鲁大学的科学家Mark Turin专门研究喜马拉雅山脉的语言和口述传统，并根据他自己在尼泊尔一个村庄的生活经历写了一本书。他不只是满足于把这些语言在灭绝前记录下来，他还要把它们挽救下来，和使用某种语言的社区进行重新连接。
32. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In an effort to prevent language loss…”可知，许多学者正在努力记录濒临消失的语言和文化，以挽救这些语言和文化。故选B。
33. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.”可知Mark Turin对这些语言做的是全面的记录。故选A。
34. D 推理判断题。根据第三段的“His recently published book, A Grammer of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working and raising a family in a village in Nepal.”可知，他的书是根据他在尼泊尔一个村庄的生活经历写的。故选D。
35. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“…generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.”和“…Turin notes，the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.”可知，Turin的作品是从最初的材料上进行的收集，且其作品使濒临危险的语言得到了保护，并且与使用某种语言的社区重新连接。故选C。
One of the latest trends(趋势) in American childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, Conn, for example, has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4，000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.
“I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age，” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2yearold son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future.” After only six months of being cared for by a 25yearold woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.
Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China: she didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.“Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture，” she says.
“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom，” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of children.“But parents must understand that just one year with an au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.”
The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.
29. What does the term “au pair” in the text mean?
A. A mother raising her children on her own.
B. A child learning a foreign language at home.
C. A professor in language education of children.
D. A young foreign women taking care of children.
30. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ________.
A. to live in China some day
B. to speak the language at home
C. to catch up with other children
D. to learn about the Chinese culture
31. What can we infer from the text?
A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America.
B. Educated women do better in looking after children.
C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills.
D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.
【要点综述】 本文介绍了美国出现的一个新的趋势：为孩子找一个中国保姆，这可以让孩子从小接触中文，了解中国文化。
29. D 推理判断题。 根据第二段Joseph请了一位25岁的女士照顾他两岁的儿子以便儿子学习汉语，以及第三段一位生于中国的母亲让自己的两个孩子接触汉语和中国文化，和第四段一位语言教育学教授提到“通过和说母语的人在一起来学习语言比在教室里学习好”等信息可知，au pair指的是负责照顾孩子的外国女子。
30. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture，’she says.”可知她这样做的目的是让孩子们了解中国的文化。
31. A 推理判断题。本文通过列举一些具体的例子，说明了美国的父母们正在兴起“au pairs热”，即通过请说汉语的中国保姆来照顾自己的孩子，让孩子们学习汉语， 这说明在美国，汉语正在日益受到欢迎，因此选A。
The kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.
The key to their success: 20 tablet computers(平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a US group called One Laptop Per Child.
The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analysing the project data say they’re already amazed. “What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten，” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia programme.
The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is 8yearold Kelbesa Negusse. The device’s camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.
With his tablet, Kelbesa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn’t know any English. That’s unbelievable，” said Keller.
The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading”， where they can read to learn. It won’t be in Amharic, Ethiopia’s first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.
62.How does the Ethiopia programme benefit the kids in the village?
A.It trains teachers for them.
B.It contributes to their selfst
udy.
C.It helps raise their living standards.
D.It provides funds for building schools.
63.What can we infer from Keller’s words in Paragraph 3?
A.They need more time to analyse data.
B.More children are needed for the research.
C.He is confident about the future of the project.
D.The research should be carried out in kindergartens.
64.It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could ________.
A.learn English words quickly
B.draw pictures of animals
C.write letters to researchers
D.make phone calls to his friends
65.What is the aim of the project?
A.To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.
B.To make Amharic widely used in the world.
C.To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.
D.To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language.
【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在埃塞俄比亚启动了一项工程，让孩子们通过平板电脑自学英语。这项工程的目的是帮助埃塞俄比亚的孩子们通过现代技术学习英语。
62.B 细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知这项计划的目的是想看看他们的自学能力。故选B。
63.C 推理判断题。根据第三段Matt Keller说的“我认为已经发生的是孩子们学习到的要比在幼儿园一年中学习到的多”可知他对这个计划很有信心。故选C。
64.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知Keller对Kelbesa学习英语单词这么快感到很吃惊。故选A。
65.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知这项工程的目的是帮助埃塞俄比亚的孩子们通过现代技术学习英语。
One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11yearold had stomach pains, retching(干呕)into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficult sleeping the night before.
What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highlycompetitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare(噩梦). Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.
Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say competition is character building; or it’s taking part, not winning, that’s important; or that it is a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.
Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting—and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.
I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other lesscompetitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.
57. What can we learn about the author’s son from Paragraph 1?
A. He talked with some mothers.
B. He comforted his classmates.
C. He had difficulty in sleeping.
D. He suffered from stomachache.
58. Sports day is still an annul event in this school probably because ________.
A. this is an independent school
B. it is a tradition of the school
C. it helps children lose weight
D. children enjoy watching sports
59. What does the author think about team games?
A. They should include more stressful races.
B. They are acceptable to different children.
C. They should be abandoned at primary schools.
D. They are less fun for those who love running.
60. What is the author’s attitude towards sports day?
A. Critical. B. Neutral.
C. Positive. D. Ambiguous.
【要点综述】 本文作者通过描述自己11岁的儿子和几位同学在学校参加完体育比赛后身体不适的经历，提出了自己对于学校体育比赛改革的观点——将激烈的体育对抗比赛改为对抗性较小的赛事。
57. D 细节理解题。根据本段的第二句可知作者的儿子在参加完体育比赛后肚子疼、干呕，故选D。
58. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…or that it is a tradition of school life.”一句可知本题答案为B。
59. B 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可以推断出作者认为团体比赛为不同的学生所接受，故选B。
60. A 作者态度题。根据最后一段的大意可以推断出作者对于学校体育比赛持批评态度，故选A。
