2019年高考英语基础练习及答案(12)
1.(2015·江苏卷)________Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some won’t accept it.
解析:句意:李白是中国一位伟大的诗人,他的出生地是众所周知的,但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知,a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语,is前面是主语从句,where在主语从句中作地点状语。
答案:Where
2.(2015·浙江卷)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate________is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.
解析:句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要调查水下有什么东西。(因为)经常会有些岩石或树枝暗藏在水里。动词investigate后的宾语从句中缺少主语,故填what。
答案:what
3.(2015·重庆卷)We must find out________Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him.
解析:句意:我们必须弄明白卡尔什么时候来,为的是我们能给他预定房间。find out 后面跟着宾语从句,根据句意填when。
答案:when
4.(2015·安徽卷)A ship in harbor is safe,but that’s not________ ships are built for.
解析:句意:船停放在海港里是很安全的,但这并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟从句作表语,表语从句中的for后缺少宾语,用what引导,what与for连用,表示目的。
答案:what
5.(2015·福建卷)—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
解析:句意:——我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。——通过每天锻炼。句中I是主语,wonder是谓语,how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词how是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的,所以是针对方式提问的,故用how。
答案:how
6.(2015·湖南卷)You have to know________you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
解析:句意:如果你要计划到达那里的最佳路线,你就必须知道你要去哪儿。根据句意可知,此处应用where引导宾语从句,在从句中作地点状语。
答案:where
7.(2015·陕西卷)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for________Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
解析:句意:读完了她的自传后,我对Doris Lessing在文学上做出的贡献非常敬佩。介词for后面是宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,所以填what。
答案:what
8.(2014·山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine ________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
解析:句意:我们很难想象古代奴隶们的生活是什么样子的。根据分析可知在该空引导的宾语从句中介词like后面缺少宾语且设空处表示“事物”,所以填what,用来引导宾语从句。
答案:what
9.(2014·重庆卷)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah,but I have no idea ________ he did it;that’s one of his favorite universities.
解析:句意:——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给他的录取机会,这是真的吗?——是的,但是我不知道他为什么会这样做,那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。根据句意填why。why引导同位语从句。
答案:why
10.(2014·四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,“That’s ________ I was born.”
解析:句意:奶奶指着那家医院说:“那就是我出生的地方。”本题考查表语从句。根据句意可知该空应该填表示地点的连接词引导表语从句,故填where。
答案:where
11.(2015·北京卷)________the damage is done,it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
解析:句意:一旦损害造成,农田恢复将需要很多年的时间。Once/If做连词“如果”引导条件状语从句。
答案:Once/If
12.(2015·江苏卷)It is so cold that you can’t go outside________fully covered in thick clothes.
解析:句意:外面太冷了,你不要出去,除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。“unless fully covered”为“连词 省略结构”,补充完整为“unless you are fully covered”。
答案:unless
13.(2015·天津卷)We need to get to the root of the problem________ we can solve it.
解析:句意:在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。before “在……之前”。
答案:before
14.(2015·浙江卷)Just________a single world can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
解析:句意:正如一个简单的单词能改变一个句子的意思一样,一个简单的句子能改变一个段落的意思。as“如,像”。
答案:as
15.(2015·安徽卷)________scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still don’t know.
解析:句意:虽然科学家对宇宙已经了解了很多,但仍有很多东西是我们不知道的。though引导让步状语从句。
答案:Though
16.(2014·北京卷)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another,________ plants can spread to new places.
解析:句意:一些动物将种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方,因此植物可以传播到新的地方。设空处前后两个分句之间为因果关系,故填并列连词so。
答案:so
17.(2014·陕西卷)The young couple,who returned my lost wallet,left ________ I could ask for their names.
解析:句意:那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包。我还没来得及问他们的名字,他们就已经走了。根据语境可知,作者在问他们名字之前,他们已经走了,故填before。
答案:before
18.(2014·四川卷)I’ll be out for some time.________ anything important happens,call me up immediately.
解析:句意:我出去一会儿,万一有任何重要事情发生,立即给我打电话。根据句意可知设空处为一种假设的情况,所以填in case“万一”。
答案:In case
19.(2014·江西卷)It was the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
解析:句意:半夜,我的父亲把我叫醒并告诉我起来看足球赛。根据语境可知,设空处引导一个时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”,故填when。
答案:when
20.(2014·安徽卷)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times ________ it finally came to include the sense“pleasant”.
解析:句意:“nice”这个单词的含义在它最终包含“令人愉快的”含义之前经过了多次变化。根据句意填before。
答案:before
21.(2015·北京卷)Opposite is St.Paul’s Church,________you can hear some lovely music.
解析:句意:对面是圣保罗教堂,在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。这是一个定语从句,先行词是St.Paul’s Church,在从句中作地点状语。
答案:where
22.(2015·江苏卷)The number of smokers,________is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
解析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代的是整个主句的含义,as引导非限定性定语从句时,表示“如同,正如”。
答案:as
23.(2015·天津卷)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere________his employees enjoy their work.
解析:句意:公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛,在这种气氛中,其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。
答案:where
24.(2015·安徽卷)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon________school education depends.
解析:句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。depend on/upon“依靠,依赖”,介词后只能用which或whom来构成定语从句的引导词。
答案:which
25.(2014·山东卷)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
解析:句意:国内市场利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。本题考查定语从句。先行词为company,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The company’s profits from home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。
答案:whose
26.(2014·陕西卷)Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.
解析:句意:请把你拥有的关于竞聘这个职位的那个候选人的所有信息发给我们。在本句中,先行词the information被all修饰,所以只能填关系代词that,而不填which。
答案:that
27.(2014·四川卷)Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,________ is quite unexpected.
解析:句意:到目前为止,我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50,000英镑,这非常出乎我们的意料。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以填which。
答案:which
