公共英语口语学习:新概念精讲第二十一课

发布时间:2019-01-31 17:37:50

l         Further notes on one text

At the butcher’s在肉店,参考Lession14的注释,对映的名词有:greengrocer’s(蔬果店)doctor’s(诊所)my mother’s(我妈妈的家)hairdresser’s(理发店)

How are you all keeping? 你们身体都好么?

for the weekend for强调一个时间段;at强调一个时间点

Aren’t you lucky! 你们真幸运!否定形式的感叹句。

Don’t you know! 你难道不知道么?

Isn’t he my friend! 难道你不是我的朋友么?

at church 做礼拜。注意以下不用不定冠词:church、school、hospital。

in the race 参加比赛 at the race 在赛场上(观看比赛)

hundreds of… 数以百计的…用来表示不确定的数量才用复数形式。

Five other cars were just behind him. 注意程度副词just的位置,在be动词之后。

l         Expressions:

一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作、事件。

与一般过去时连用的时间状语有:

1. 句子中有“介词+表示过去时间的名词”构成的短语,如in 1949,on March  fifth等时。例如:

Tom was born in 1990. 汤姆出生于1990年。

2. 句子中有表示时间的副词yesterday,或由yesterday构成的短语,如 yesterday morning/ afternoon/ evening, the day before yesterday等时。 例如:

He went to Beijing with his parents yesterday. 他昨天和他的父母一起去北京了。

3. 句子中有“时间段+ago”构成的短语,如five days ago,two years ago等时。例如:

My father came to the school three years ago. 我父亲三年前来到了这所学校。

4. 句子中有“last +表示时间的名词”构成的短语,如last year,last month 等时。例如:

We visited the Great Wall last Sunday. 上个星期天我们参观了长城。

5. 句子中有其它表示过去的词语或短语,如once(曾经),then(那时),just now(刚才)等时。例如:

Your friend once telephoned to say goodbye to you. 你的朋友曾打电话向你告别。

I went to your home just now. 我刚去过你家。

时态

谓语

副词

现在进行时

be 现在分词

now at the moment

一般现在时

单三 s/es

频率副词 every each

一般过去时

过去分词

yesterday just now last week

an hour age in 1997 before 3 minute

一般过去时的结构:

系表(be):描述过去的事实

陈述句:She was at the butcher’s just now.

一般疑问句:Was she at the butcher’s just now?

回答:Yes, she was./ No, she wasn’t.

问句:

Who was at the butcher’s just now?

Where was she just now?

When was she at the butcher’s?

行为动词:描述过去的状态

陈述句:I watched the teleplay yesterday.

一般疑问句:Did you watch the teleplay yesterday?

回答:Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

问句:

Who watched the teleplay yesterday?

What did you do yesterday?

When did you watch the teleplay yesterday?

过去分词的规则变化:

1. 在动词后加ed,清辅后读[t];浊辅或元音读[d]

lookèlooked

listenèlistened

2. 以t或d结尾的加ed,读[ed]

needèneeded

wantèwanted

3. 以e结尾,直接加d

phoneèphoned

hopeèhoped

agreeèagreed

4. 以重读音节短元音 辅音结尾的,双写辅音 ed

stopèstopped

 (重读r音节也要用这条规则)

referèreferred

preferèpreferred

5. 以辅音 y的,变y为i加ed读[id],而元音则直接加ed

carryècarried

cryècried

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