SECTION II Use of English(15 minutes)
根据下列材料，请回答26-45题：
What do I want? It’ s really a very 26 question; yet many of us are not sure. 27 it doesn’ t have to be all that difficult to answer. It’ s a matter of 28 Have you ever looked through a telescope at something? You find a 29 point to concen-trate on, and then 30 the settings. At first, it’s too 31 , then it’s too far away, finally it’ s just right. The 32 is that it takes many adjustments to 33 the subject into focus. If 34 want to look at something else, the 35 starts again.
Goal-setting is the same way. Don’ t 36 if at first you don’ t know exactly what you want to 37 . Just don’ t make the mistake of never committing 38 anything. Sometimes the answer is very simple: Just 39 something!
Dr. Mark Goldstone, author of Get Out of Your Own Way, 40 you "look back in order to look 41. " Examine your calendar at day’ s end during a typical week and 42 each
appointment or listing on a scale of - 3 to 3, 43 -3 means "If I never do this again, it will be ’too soon to do it. " and 3 means "I could do this all day long, and I can’ t 44 to do it all over again. " 45 you identify the frequent themes, you’ 11 be able to better focus your dreams.
26、
A.strange
B.simple
C.ridiculous
D.funny
27、
A.And
B.So
C.For
D.But
28、
A.time
B.determination
C.focus
D.preference
29、
A.reference
B.turning
C.starting
D.major
30、
A.switch
B.open
C.adjust
D.fix
31、
A.large
B.dark
C.foggy
D.close
32、
A.sign
B.point
C.choice
D.law
33、
A.bring
B.move
C.include
D.put
34、
A.observers
B.viewers
C.we
D.you
35、
A.practice
B.process
C.progress
D.performance
36、
A.hesitate
B.mind
C.worry
D.apologize
37、
A.see
B.say
C.do
D.hear
38、
A.in
B.on
C.to
D.at
39、
A.write
B.pick
C.test
D.draw
40、
A.suggests
B.announces
C.imagines
D.warns
41、
A.forward
B.up
C.round
D.in
42、
A.read
B.correct
C.define
D.grade
43、
A.which
B.what
C.where
D.why
44、
A.wait
B.promise
C.afford
D.manage
45、
A.Once
B.Unless
C.Before
D.Though
SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)
Text 1
46、根据下列材料，请回答46-60题：
In 1997, 25 Japanese citizens, all older than 60, launched Jeeba (the name means "old man and old woman") to make senior-friendly products. They knew they were making history when they coined their company motto : "Of the elderly, by the elderly and for the elderly. " They do not hire young people, and the oldest of their workers is 75.
Firms run by senior citizens are still a rarity, in Japan and worldwide. But the elderly have numbers on their side. Healthier and longer-living seniors, born immediately after World War II,are reaching retirement age in huge numbers all over the developed world. Extremely low birthrates in those same countries mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place. One likely con-sequence is now clear: shrinking work forces.
While the streamlining effects of international competition are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about the growing short-age of young workers. One unavoidable solution: putting older people back to work, whether they like it or not. Indeed, advanced economies like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised their retirement ages. Others are under severe pressure to follow suit, as both the European Com-mission and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development have recently warned their members that their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.
Whether these changes are good or bad news to workers depends on whether they anticipate retirement with eagerness or dread. In the United States, half of working-age Americans now expect to work into their 70s, whether by financial necessity or by lifestyle choice, according to a new study by Putnam Investments.
Contrary to still widespread assumptions, there is very little hard evidence to suggest that com-panies cannot stay competitive with a rising share of older workers. At 13ritish hardware chain B&Q, its "elder worker" stores in Manchester and Exmouth were 18 percent more profitable than its regular outlets--due in part, the company says, to six times less employee turnover and 60 per-cent less shoplifting and breakage.
46、Jeeba’ s difference from a conventional company mainly lies in
A.the age of its employees
B.the number of its owners
C.the quality of its products
D.the scope of its operations
47、 In the developed world, compared with young people, the elderly
A.are better at business
B.are greater in number
C.have healthier lifestyles
D.have more job opportunities
48、 According to the writer, in the current situation companies are faced with the tough task of
A.creating good positions
B.employing retired workers
C.filling vacant positions
D.replacing unskilled workers
49、 For future prosperity, many European countries will have to
A.increase the number of young workers
B.offer many senior-friendly jobs
C.improve services for seniors
D.raise their retirement ages
50、 B&Q’ s "elder worker" stores are mentioned to show that the employment of older work-ers
A.does not reduce a company’ s competitiveness
B.does not affect older workers’ lifestyle Choices
C.is not a usual practice among competitive firms
D.is not good news to those who are eager to retire
Text 2
根据下列材料，请回答51-65题：
Here’ s how I want to watch the 2014 Winter Olympics. I want to go to a Web site to see any event I want, whenever I want to watch it, on whatever screen I choose. I’ 11 gladly pay.
The technology exists to make this happen today. Yet nearly two decades after the introduction of the World Wide Web, this remains a fantasy. NBC, which broadcasted the Vancouver Olympics in the United States, wouldn’ t put videos on its Web site until they had been shown on prime-time TV. So Americans had the weird experience of learning from a news report during the day that something fantastic had just happened, and then having to wait until that night’ s broadcast to see it.
Bloggers complained, but NBC wouldn’ t give way. Its research shows that people like me, who want to watch the Olympics online, represent only 7 percent of the total audience. The other, bigger concern is: the Internet doesn’ t deliver any money. Advertisers remain willing to pay big money to show their commercials on prime-time TV. But on the Internet? Not so much.
So NBC clings to the old way of doing things. As it sees it, the prime-time show is the most important. To make matters worse, NBC was already expecting to lose $ 250 million on the 2010 Vancouver Games. Good luck persuading it to invest in a risky Web project.
It’s easy to blame the network executives. But the NBC guys and their like are only doing what makes sense. They’re going where the money is.
That needs to change. Yes, selling reporting of Olympic events over the Internet would drain away some of the prime-time audience, but my sense is many of the online subscribers would still watch the prime-time show. And over time, the subscription dollars could become a substantial rev- enue stream. Instead of viewing the Internet as a threat to prime time, the TV networks should see the Web as a way to sell even more of their product to a small but passionate subset of their audi-ence.
I’ m hoping that by 2014, that will have changed.
51、 According to the writer, watching the Olympics online as one likes
A.is technologically impossible
B.is still denied to the audience
C.has been a dream for 20 years
D.will no longer be free in 2014
52、 We learn that what Americans saw about the Vancouver Olympics
A.was unavailable online
B.differed from the news
C.seemed weird to them
D.was first shown on TV
53、 Bloggers complained about NBC’ s
A.neglect of those in the minority
B.excessive online advertisements
C.delay in providing videos online
D.limited reporting on sports news
54、 After the 2010 Vancouver Games, NBC is likely to
A.improve its prime-time show
B.continue its current practice
C.raise its price for advertising
D.try its luck in a web program
55、 The writer thinks the TV networks should view the Web as a potential to help them to
A.make dramatic profits
B.develop new products
C.satisfy their subscribers
D.divide prime-time revenues
Text 3
根据下列材料，请回答56-70题：
One important thing during the pre-Christmas rush at our house was the arrival of my daughter’ s kindergarten report card. She got high praise for her reading, vocabulary and overall en-thusiasm. On the other hand, we learnt that she has work to do on her numbers and facility with the computer, though the detailed handwritten report her teachers prepared is absent of any words that might be interpreted as negative in describing her efforts. A number system indicates how she’ s measuring up in each area without any mention of passing or failing.
All of which seems to make my daughter’ s school neither fish nor fowl when it comes to the debate over the merits of giving formal grades to kids. At one level, the advantages and disadvanta-ges are obvious. A grade system provides a straightforward standard by which to measure how your child is progressing at school--and how he or she is getting on compared to other children. But as writer Sue Ferguson notes, "Grades can deceive. " The aim should be "to measure learning, not simply what a student can recall on a test. " The two aren’ t the same--and if you doubt that as an adult, ask yourself whether you could sit down without any preparation and still pass those high-school-level examinations.
If you’ re old enough, you’ ve lived through this debate before. At one time, it was considered unfair to put children in direct competition with one another if it could be avoided. The inten-tion behind tha.t may have been good, but it ignored the fact that competition, and the will to come out on top, are essential components of the human condition.
This time around, educators working with a no-grades approach are emphasizing different rea-sons. The thing is, that approach is much more commonplace in the adult workplace than is the tra-ditional pass-fail system we place on our children. Many workplaces conduct regular employee eval-uations. There are usually fairly strict limits to what an employer can tell an employee in those eval-uations-and even then, negative evaluations can be challenged by the employee. No matter where you sit in the debate over the grade system, then, the real question is this: if it’ s so good for kids, why isn’t that also true for adults?
56、The school report indicates that the writer’ s daughter
A.lacks interest in her school work
B.ranks among the best at language
C.has some trouble with her handwriting
D.needs to improve in math and computer skills
57、 We can learn that the girl’ s school tries to deliver the report
A.in a positive way
B.in a scientific way
C.in an attractive way
D.in an enthusiastic way
58、 Sue Ferguson seems dissatisfied with the grade system for its focus on
A.the process of getting the knowledge
B.the capability of memorizing for the test
C.the procedure of measuring learning
D.the standard of comparing schools
59、 The writer would agree that cutting children off from competition is
A.fit for human development
B.fit for their age and experience
C.against a key part of human nature
D.out of consideration for children
60、 It can be learned that today’s educators supporting the no-grades approach insist that
A.kids be allowed to challenge the negative evaluations
B.the traditional teacher-student relationship be changed
C.the evaluation system for kids be similar to that for adults
D.strict rules be set up in evaluating school children
SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)
61、根据下列材料，请回答61-65题：
Directions:
Read the texts from a magazine in which five people voice their different opinions in response to an article on the issue of praising. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person (61 to 65) to one of the statements ( A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.
Mike :
Praise often and sincerely--it’ s as simple as that. Employees want to feel needed and appreci-ated. By offering sincere praise with examples about what they did right, you’ ll go far in creating an energetic team. Meanwhile, I don’t agree with the assertion that "to focus on what needs im-proving isn’ t good management. " In fact, it’ s the balance of praise along with constructive criti-cism that drives employees to work smarter and reach higher.
Frank:
This article makes a valid point that needs to be understood, especially for the new generation of workers, my generation. We don’ t see ourselves as parts in the machine to be put in the dark to work. My generation needs respect in return from our employer, we need to feel appreciated beyond just a pay check, it’ s the difference between being fulfilled at our career and being sad at our job.
Joyce :
One skill missing in today’s workplace is the ability to build effective business relationships.At the core of that relationship is the need for consistent feedback. "How am I doing?" is a ques-tion that should be answered consistently. When you tell an employee once a year what is needed to improve, you have not done your job as a leader--build skills, provide feedback and help the em-ployee grow and develop.
Ellen:
I don’ t see a problem with praising employees when it’ s truly deserved ( insincere praise is an entirely different story). It’ s a cost-free "benefit", if you will, in that it allows employees to see that their efforts are both noticed and valued. In the work world there are always people available to tell that you are doing something wrong and far too few occasions when employees are told that they’ve done something right!
Diana:
Praise what the employee did. Be specific about why it was helpful. An employee who contin-ually earns your praise also deserves your attention as to how else to reward their behavior. Mean-ingful praise encourages people beyond anything else. Written comments are available for later re-view. They give them confidence that they can "do it again. " I never regretted praising an employ-ee who deserved it but often kicked myself for missing an opportunity.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement
Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.
[B] Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.
[C] Employees may feel it hard to accept.insincere praise.
[D] Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.
[E] In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.
[F] Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.
[G] Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.
61、 Mike
62、 Frank
63、 Joyce
64、 Ellen
65、 Diana
SECTION IV Writing Part A(40 minutes)
66、Directions:
You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Part A
You will be transferred to the city where your friend James lives. Write an email to him, telling him about:
1 ) the reason(s) for your job transfer;
2 ) the help you will need from him.
You should write approximately 100 words. Do not use your own name at the end of your email. Use "Wang Lin" instead.
SECTION IV Writing Part B(40 minutes)
67、Below is a picture showing a young man who chooses to stay at home, depending on his parents for a living. Write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points:
1) the possible causes of the young man’ s problem;
2) your suggested solutions to the problem.
第二部分英语知识运用
参考译文
我想要什么?这是个非常简单的问题;虽然我们很多人都不能确定。但这个问题并不一定难以回答，这只是时间问题。
你有没有曾经透过望远镜去看东西?你找到一个起始点开始聚焦，然后调整设置。起先，这个目标物要么太近，要么太远，最后焦距会刚刚好。关键是这个过程需要不断调整以聚焦于某个目标物。如果你想看别的东西，这个过程又开始了。
确定目标也是相同的方式。如果你一开始并不确切地知道你想做什么，不用担心。只是不要犯下从不承诺的错误。有时候答案很简单：就是挑一件事去做而已!
《摆脱你的习惯》一书的作者马克·金士顿博士建议“回头看的目的是为了朝前看”。在一周中的每天要结束的时候，查看下你的日历，用-3至 3之间的数值去画出每次预约和要做事情的日期。此处，-3的意思是“如果我再不去做这件事，就没有时间做了”; 3的意思是“我有一整天的时间去做这件事，我不能再做一遍”。一旦你确定了你做事的主题思想，你就会更好地集中注意力于你的梦想。
26.B【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。strange陌生的;ridiculous荒谬的;funny可笑的。此处是说我想要什么这个问题很简单，所以只有simple“简单的”符合题意，故选B。
27.D【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。根据文意，此处是说这个问题许多人不能确定，但其实这个问题不难回答。因此，此处需要一个表示转折之意的连词，只有答案but“但是”表示转折，符合题意，故选D。
28.A【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。determina-tion决心;focus焦点;preference偏爱。这里是说回答这个问题只是时间问题，因此只有 “time”符合题意，构成词组“a matter of time”意为“时间问题”，故选A。
29.C【精析】本题考查动名词词义辨析。根据常识用望远镜时应该首先确定目标物，此处文意为找到一个起始点开始聚焦，starting point表示起始点，其他选项均不合题意，故选C。
30.C 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。此处意为调整望远镜的设置，switch转变;open打开;fix固定。因此只有adjust“调整”符合题意，故选C。
31.D【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。large大的;dark黑暗的;foggy有雾的。此处是说这个目标物一会儿太近一会儿太远，此空应和后面的far away相对，所以只有close“近的”最恰当，故选D。
32.B【精析】本题考查名词语义辨析。sign标志;choice选择;law法律。根据文意，此处是说这个过程最重要的是需要不断调整，四个选项中，只有the point is…“表示最重要的是…，关键是…”，故选B。
33.A【精析】本题考查动词词组搭配。bring…into focus表示“使特别注意…，聚焦于…”，故选A。
34.D 【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。第二段的第一、二句话中均出现了You，说明作者的写作对象是阅读此文章的人，故此题选D。
35.B【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。practice练习;progress进步;performance表演。此处是说，“如果你想看其他的某个事物，这个选定目标、调整设置的过程又开始了。”故只有process“过程”符合题意，故选B。
36.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。hesitate犹豫;mind介意;apologize道歉。根据文意，只有Don’t worry.“不用担心。”符合上下文文意，故选C。
37.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。上一段举出用望远镜看东西的例子，这一段结合实际谈论现实生活中设立目标，所以此处意为：如果你一开始不是确切地知道你想做的事情，不用担心。四个选项中，只有do“做”符合句意，故选C。
38.C【精析】本题考查动词词组搭配。commit to…表示“承诺做…”，故选C。
39.B 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。write写;test测试;draw画画。这里是说就是挑一件事去做而已，所以四个选项中，只有pick“挑选”最恰当，故选B。
40.A【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。announce通知;imagine想象;warn警告。这里是说马克·金士顿博士在书中提出建议，故suggest“建议”最合适，故选A。
41.A【精析】本题考查副词的用法。文中意为“回头看的目的是为了朝前看”，此处空格处的词应与前面的back“后面地”相对应，故forward “朝前”符合题意，故选A。
42.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。read阅读;correct改正;grade评级。文章应该是说“画出每次预约和要做事情的日期”，只有define有 “画出”的意思，故选c。
43.C【精析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰介词短语on a scale of-3 to 3。其他的词都不能起到这个作用，故选C。
44.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。wait等待;promise承诺;manage设法。此处意为“我有一整天的时间去做这件事，我不能再做一遍”，只有afford to do sth.“有能力做某事”，这里意为“有时间做…”，符合句意。故选C。
45.A【精析】本题考查连词的用法。此处意为“一旦你确定了你做事的主题思想，你就会更好地集中注意力于你的梦想”。所以选连词once “一旦”，其他选项均不合句意，故选A。
第三部分阅读理解
Part A
Text 1
参考译文：
1997年，年龄均超过60岁的25名日本市民发起了一场Jeeba运动(Jeeba意为老年男性与女性)，生产适合于老年人使用的产品。当他们编撰出公司的格言“老年人所有，老年人制造，为了老年人”时，他们知道自己正在创造历史。他们不雇佣年轻人，公司里最年长的员工年龄高达75岁。
不管是在日本还是全世界，由高龄者经营的公司仍然为数不多。但是老年人口数量巨大。第二次世界大战以后出生的人们，现在到了退休年龄，这些老年人更加健康、长寿，他们人数众多，遍布世界各地。在出生率极低的那些发达国家，接替老年人工作的年轻人更少了。一个可能出现的结果现在变得清楚了：劳动力日益缩减。
国际竞争的精简效应正集中注意力于创造和维持好工作的需求上，这些担心最终会转变为对日益缺少的年轻劳动力的担心。一个不可避免的解决方法是，让老年人回归工作，不管他们喜不喜欢。确实如此，像芬兰和丹麦这样的经济发达国家，已经延迟了退休年龄。其他一些国家正处在顺应潮流的高压下，因为欧盟委员会和经济合作与发展组织最近告诫其成员，他们未来的繁荣依赖于老年人的不断奉献。这些改变是否是好消息取决于工人们在退休的时候是怀着急切的还是恐惧的心情。据百能投资的一项新研究显示，在美国，不论是由于经济需要还是生活方式的选择，现在有一半处在工作年龄的美国人期待着能工作到70多岁。
与一直广泛传播的想法相反，几乎没有确凿的证据表明，公司里高龄工作者增多会导致公司不再有竞争力。在英国硬件连锁企业B&Q里，位于曼彻斯特和埃克斯茅斯的“高龄者”商店比其一般商店多盈利18%，公司说部分原因是由于其少了6倍的员工流动，少了60%的商店偷窃和商品损坏事件。
46.A【精析】细节题。根据文章第一段可知，Jeeba是由日本的老年市民发起的运动，其目的和公司格言主要体现的是老年人这个特点。由此可知，Jeeba与传统公司的主要区别就体现在员工的年龄上，故选A。
47.B【精析】细节题。从文章第二段第四句话“Ex-tremely low birthrates in those same countries
mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place.”可以看出：在出生率极低的发达国家，接替退休老年人工作的年轻人的数量少得多。故选B。
48.B 【精析】推断题。从文章第三段第一、二句话： “While the streamlining effects of international competition are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good jobs，those fears will even-tually give way to worries about the growing short-age of young workers.One unavoidable solution：puking older people back to work，whether they like it or not.”和最后一句话：“…their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.”可知，对创造和维持好工作需求的担忧最终会转变为对日益缺少的年轻劳动力的担心，对此担心的解决方法就是需要让老年人回到工作岗位，公司未来的发展繁荣依赖于老年人的不断贡献。由此可推测，在当前形势下，公司面临的严峻任务就是雇佣退休的员工，故选B。
49.D【精析】细节题。文章第三段倒数第二句说像芬兰和丹麦的发达经济国家，已经延迟了退休年龄，最后一句继而说公司的繁荣离不开老年人的贡献，故选D。
50.A【精析】推断题。从文章最后一段第二句话 “At British hardware chain B&Q.its‘elder worker’stores…were l8 percent more profitable than its regular outlets…”可知，B&Q的“高龄者”商店比其一般商店多盈利18%。由此可以推断，公司雇佣高龄工作者并不会降低公司的竞争力，故选A。
