SECTION II Use of English(15 minutes)
26、 根据下列材料，请回答26-45题：
I don’t know what it is about English pubs that I find so disappointing. 26 , pubs are supposed to be the Englishman’ s 27 meeting place, where he can get together with a few friends 28 a glass of beer and talk about football, or horse racing, or business or whatever else 29 his thoughts.You notice that the pub is the Englishman’ s meeting place, not the English-woman’s.Even in our liberated times it is still not quite 30 for a woman to go into a pub alone; she must have a man to 31 and protect her.Perhaps that’ s partly 32 pubs disappoint me--they are 33 mainly to provide for male interests, which are often pretty 34 . I think this male-dominated atmosphere 35 reminds me of being back at school, or in the army, neither of which is an 36 I much want to relive.
However, I’ m 37 in the minority.Most Englishmen have their local, where they can escape from the 38 of family life or work, and if they are 39 , tell their troubles to a pretty barmaid. 40 , many men dream of retiring from their nine-to-five jobs and 41 a little country pub, where they imagine they’ ll be the 42 of a seven-nights-a-week party.This 43 usually dies when they think of having to clean up spilled beer at one o’ clock in the morning.
Still, there’ s a pub for every type of man, and a man for every type of pub.And I must 44 that, for someone who doesn’ t like them, I’ ve 45 a lot of time in pubs of various kinds.
26、
A.After all
B.In addition
C.As a result
D.For example
27、
A.favorite
B.proper
C.formal
D.exclusive
28、
A.by
B.over
C.upon
D.to
29、
A.forms
B.influences
C.occupies
D.troubles
30、
A.lawful
B.meaningful
C.impressive
D.respectable
31、
A.accompany
B.comfort
C.encourage
D.support
32、
A.how
B.when
C.where
D.why
33、
A.forced
B.enabled
C.intended
D.claimed
34、
A.narrow
B.noble
C.practical
D.personal
35、
A.also
B.hence
C.yet
D.only
36、
A.existence
B.experience
C.interest
D.incident
37、
A.naturally
B.normally
C.obviously
D.oddly
38、
A.needs
B.objectives
C.pressures
D.requirements
39、
A.careful
B.honest
C.doubtful
D.lucky
40、
A.Still
B.Indeed
C.Thus
D.Nevertheless
41、
A.decorating
B.buying
C.designing
D.visiting
42、
A.host
B.member
C.servant
D.sponsor
43、
A.hobby
B.project
C.habit
D.dream
44、
A.recognize
B.remember
C.believe
D.admit
45、
A.found
B.recovered
C.spent
D.saved
SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)
根据下列材料，请回答46-60题：
Text 1
Researchers at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, California found that a 12-minute bed-side visit with a dog can help ease anxiety levels by 24 percent in heart failure patients, compared to a 10 percent drop when patients had a visit from a human volunteer, and no drop in patients who had no visit.
Results of the 76-patient study were presented last week at the American Heart Association’ s annual Scientific Sessions in Dallas, Texas. The study was funded by the Pet Care Trust Founda-tion, a non-profit organization which promotes human-animal interaction and bonding. In the stud-y, effects of dog and volunteer visits were compared with those of volunteers only, and with patients who had no visits and remained at rest. Heart pressures were monitored and patients were asked to answer a list of anxiety assessment questions before and after the visits. Although critical pressure measures also decreased, suggesting improved cardiac function, the most marked response was seen in anxiety levels.
"The first thing you notice is that the patient’ s facial expression ,changes to a smile and the stress of the world seems to be lifted off their shoulders," study author Kathy Cole said. Feelings of depression and helplessness are common among heart patients, Cole said, and just three nights in a hospital is enough to make some patients feel anxious and unsettled. During the visit, the furry friend is allowed to lie on the bed next to the patient with its head within two feet of the patient’ s. Most patients petted the dog, while others engaged human volunteers in conversation about the dog.
Dogs used in the study are specially trained animal-assisted therapy dogs that undergo a series of trainings, evaluations and certifications to qualify as therapy dogs. Dog breeds varied. Research-ers used everything from Bernese mountain dogs to small schnauzers. However, a dog doesn’t have to be specially trained to have a calming effect on its human counterparts. In fact, the animal doesn’ t even have to be a dog in order to help. "As long as the animal has meaning to the patient, or a relationship with the patient, it can help calm the patient," Cole said.
46、We learn from the text that heart patients benefit most from visits
A.by a volunteer with a dog
B.by a volunteer on his own
C.by a well-trained dog alone
D.by a non-profit organization
47、 The study shows that, for heart patients,
A.their anxiety is reduced if they stay longer in hospital
B.their contact with animals improves their condition
C.their heart pressure decreases if they remain at rest
D.their recovery relies on contact with animals
48、 According to Cole, the change of patients’ facial expression indicates that
A.they are happy with the experiment
B.they are psychologically comforted
C.their hospitalization may be shortened
D.their heart function is returning to normal
49、 Cole believes that dogs are helpful to the patients if
A.they are limited to certain breeds
B.they are specially trained ones
C.they have meaning to them
D.they stay with them all day
50、 This report focuses on
A.the healing power of animals
B.the treatment of heart disease
C.the relationship between dogs and humans
D.the promotion of human-animal interaction
根据下列材料，请回答51-65题：
Text 2
In many respects, Katsura Okiyama is a typical Japanese woman in her 20s. She enjoys spend-ing time with her friends and loves Disney. But, less typically, she is a writer. And, quite excep-tionally, her medium is a cell phone.
In Japan, not only are people reading novels on their cell phones; they’re also writing novels with them--uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist websites where they are in turn downloaded to the phones of millions of readers. The most popular are printed as books and sell in the hundreds of thousands. In book form, K, Okiyama’ s first cell-phone novel, is 235 pages long. "I think I was writing 20 pages in two hours per day at the most, and it took me almost a month," she says.
Although she was used to writing around 100 text messages daily, Okiyama never expected that thumbing her keypad would enable her to become one of the country’ s hot new writers. "I had never written a story," she says. "I never had the idea of how a real novel should be, so that might be why I could do it. "
"Cell-phone novels are created and consumed by a generation of young people in Japan that demands to be heard," says John Possman, an entertainment consultant. "It is truly pop culture. It has also become big business, shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade. "
Individual voices are hard to find, however. As dictated by the medium, the language of cell-phone novels is simple and peppered with emoticons--signs that represent various attitudes or emo-tions. Dialogue and description are scarce. Subject matter is always the same. Typically, a heroine loses her first love and then later struggles to find love again.
"The stories are often told in the first person and lack diversity," agrees Possman. But that hasn’t been a problem with consumers yet. "Why don’t you write a novel and move me?" read one angry schoolgirl’ s recent online post, in response to a fierce opponent of cell-phone novels. So far, Japan’ s literary establishment hasn’ t come up with an answer.
51、In Japan, cell-phone writers
A.upload their stories bit by bit to websites
B.pay to have their novels printed as books
C.spend almost one month to finish a novel
D.send SMS-length texts to readers’phones
52、 According to Katsura Okiyama, she is able to write because
A.she has an insight into literature
B.she has training in storytelling
C.she is skilled in text messaging
D.she is free from literary rules
53、 According to John Possman, the Japanese publishing industry
A.is pushed forward by the pop culture
B.is strengthened by cell-phone novels
C.has been shrinking for many years
D.has been creating a generation of young readers
54、 We learn from the text that cell-phone novels"
A.feature moving dialogues
B.have different writing styles
C.lack variety in subject matter
D.encourage readers to read others
55、 It can be inferred that Japan’ s literary establishment can’ t
A.settle the dispute between the two sides
B.compete with cell-phone novels
C.adapt to the new technologies
D.change their writing styles
根据下列材料，请回答56-70题：
Text 3
Too many people fear failure. Some of us let it keep us from trying new things, telling ourselves we’ d be no good at it. Some limit our goals to only what we feel absolutely sure we can accomplish. Others among us try something once and when it doesn’t work out, we decide that course is not for us.That’ s unfortunate because, according to many top scientists, failure is nothing to fear. Not only is it inevitable, they say, it is even an indispensable ally. "In the research lab," says John Polanyi, the Nobel prize-winning chemist," failure is a good thing. If everything you try is very successful, it means you’ re playing it safe; you’ re not out on the edge. Failure means that you’ re learning. To ask a scientist whether he has experienced failure is like asking an artist whether he has ever made a sketch. The answer is, ’ a million times. ’ That is the price of success. "
Failure is not the opposite of success. It’ s more like an ingredient. In Hollywood, thousands of ideas for new TV shows are pitched each year, but only a select few get to the screen, let alone survive their first season. In real life, misses outnumber hits whenever people try something new.Nina Spencer, a motivational speaker and author of Getting Passion out of Your Profession, likes to remind audiences that whenever we try a new skill, we go through four stages. "There’ s the point when you don’ t know about the skill, and because you don’ t know about it, you’ re no good at it. Eventually, you come to know about the skill, but you’ re incompetent to perform it.
Then, as long as you think carefully and go slowly, you can do it. Eventually, it becomes so practiced, it’ s easy. " The secret is not to give up at stage two.
In short, the seeds of success almost always flourish best in the well-turned soil of failure. As Charles Kettering, inventor of the modem electric ignition system for cars and the holder of nearly 200 patents, once said, "failures, repeated failures, are finger-posts on the road to achievements-- one fails forward towards success. "
56、According to John Polany, a seemingly all-time successful person may in fact
A.be very adventurous
B.be very competitive
C.be very sensitive
D.be very cautious
57、 The Hollywood example is used to show that to succeed you should
A.avoid mistakes
B.live with failures
C.avoid competition
D.live with new ideas
58、 When it comes to trying new things, people should know it is natural that
A.success results from trial and error
B.they might miss something important
C.success requires safety guarantees
D.they will hit more than they miss
59、 According to Nina Spencer, the key to acquiring a new skill lies in
A.practice
B.persistence
C.competence
D.performance
60、 The writer of the text wants to tell people not to
A.be frightened by failure
B.repeat the same failure
C.underestimate failure
D.be misled by failure
SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)
根据下列材料，请回答61-65题：
Charles Swecker:
Thank you for getting it right in your articles on how to make a better student. As an educator, I’ m sure I speak for others in saying parents who encourage learning at home ultimately have kids who perform at a higher level in class. School systems have been trying to get that message out for years. Imagine, excellent teachers working with students who have a drive and desire to learn. What a perfect world!
Sandy Simonson:
The students you pictured have positive attitudes; they expect to work hard on their own. Con-sequently, the effort they put in produces positive results. But my sons are different. They see their parents read. They were read to at home. We’ ve encouraged and praised the genuine efforts they’ ve made. But the bottom line for my sons is that until something fires them up from within, they are content to do as little work as possible.
Bridget Boyle :
Parents should do these things to make their child a better student: turn off the television. Fill every room with books. Play, read, travel, and then read some more with your kids. If reading be-comes the primary form of entertainment in the home, youngsters will turn to books. It was my pleasure to catch them reading on their own. Killing our television was the best thing we ever did.
Deborah Curtin:
Your report provided a glimpse into the life of young geniuses, but nobody made these kids better students. Each one can obviously grasp any task. Each could have been left in a box with a book and would have ended up self-taught. You did, however, confirm my belief that most teachers are only capable of communicating information to ready-made A students. Of course, there are a few good teachers, but they cannot overcome the defective system we have.
Alan Holman:
I don’ t think that the success of students really depends on marks. I just finished writing my second average-length stage play, which is going to bc produced at my high school. And I’ m also playing a part in Hamlet. Despite all these really great things, my marks in school are really bad. I pay more attention to my hobbies than to school, and it’ s actually getting mc somewhere. So marks aren’t everything.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.
Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
A.Grades cannot fully reflect the whole picture of a student.
B.Try your best to make your children habitual readers.
C.Tolerant parents are sure to shape successful children.
D.Parents’ encouragement helps to improve children’ s performance at school.
E.Schooling is very different from educating.
F. Good students are actually not made but born.
G.Students cannot become better at school unless theyare self-driven.
61、Charles Swecker
62、 Sandy Simonson
63、 Bridget Boyle
64、 Deborah Curtin
65、 Alan Holman
SECTION IV Writing Part A(40 minutes)
66、You have read the following notice about a lost handbag. As you have lost your bag, you
want to contact the Lost and Found office to know if the bag is yours.
Write an email to the Lost and Found office, telling about:
1) when and where you lost your bag;
2) what your bag is like and what is in it.
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email.
Use "Wang Lin" instead.
SECTION IV Writing Part B(40 minutes)
67、Below is a table showing the percentages of people in a big city going to work in different ways in 2007 and 2011. Look at the table closely and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points:
1) the difference between the two years in the ways of people going to work;
2) the possible reasons for the difference.
第二部分英语知识运用
第一节单项填空
参考译文
我不知道为什么英国的酒吧让我感到失望，毕竟酒吧是英国男性最喜欢的聚会场所，在那里，他们可以和朋友聚会，一起喝啤酒、讨论足球或者赛马，抑或谈生意或者任何他们脑子里想的事情。请注意酒吧是英国男性喜欢的聚会场所而不是英国女性。即使在今天这个自由的时代，女性单独去酒吧也不是一件值得人尊重的行为，必须有个男性陪同并且保护她才好。或许这也是酒吧让我觉得失望的部分原因：它们主要是为男性的喜好而设的。这一点相当狭隘。我认为这种男性主导的氛围只会让我想起以前在学校的经历，或者是部队里的经历。这两个都是我不想再次体验的。
但是我肯定属于少数派。大多数英国人居住的附近都有酒吧，他们可以在那里摆脱来自家庭生活或者工作的压力，如果幸运的话，还可以向酒吧里漂亮的服务员倾诉烦心事。其实很多人男士都梦想辞去朝九晚五的工作，盘下一间小的乡村酒吧，他们设想自己可以在那儿一个星期连续开七天的派对。当他们想到凌晨一点要清理酒吧里到处泼洒的啤酒时，这种梦想就破灭了。
不过，每个男人都能找到自己喜欢的酒吧，每个酒吧也都有自己的客户群。而且我必须承认，对于一个不怎么喜欢酒吧的人来说，我也去过不少各种各样的酒吧。
26.A【精析】本题考查短语词义辨析。after all毕竟，说到底;in addition加之，另外;as a result结果;for example例如。此句是说，无论如何，酒吧都是应该男性喜欢去的地方，但是不知怎么回事，我却很失望。根据前后句的语气，A符合题意。
27.A【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。favorite最喜欢的;proper恰当的;formal正式的;exclusive独一无二的。根据文意，酒吧应该是男性最喜欢去的地方，故选A。
28.B【精析】本题考查介词词义辨析。此旬意思为男性可以边喝啤酒边喝朋友聊天，over可以表示“边…边…”。例如：Why don’t we talk a-bout it over a cup of coffee.我们边喝咖啡边聊天吧。所以选B。
29.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。form形成;influence影响;occupy占据;trouble惹麻烦。根据句子意思，男性在酒吧里可以谈论足球，赛马或者任何想到的事情，故选C。
30.D【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。lawful合法的;meaningful有意义的;impressive印象深刻的;respectable值得尊敬的。根据原文意思，D选项最符合题意。
31.A 【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。accompany陪同;comfort安慰;encourage鼓励;support支持。此处是说女性单独去酒吧不太体面，需要有人陪同，故选A。
32.D【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。此处是说女性得有男性陪同时去酒吧才比较合适，因此作者不怎么喜欢酒吧。根据前后句的语气关系，D选项最符合题意。
33.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。force强迫;enable使…有能力;intend计划，目的;claim声称;be intended to表示以…为目的，故选择C。
34.A【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。此处是说，酒吧主要是为男性而设计的，没有考虑女性，因此目的比较狭隘。narrow狭隘的;noble高贵的;practical实用的;personal个人的。故选A。
35.D【精析】本题考查副词词义辨析。also也;hence因此;yet还;only只。此处是说，酒吧以男性为服务对象，对女性不公平;不好的结果就是让我想起以前的各种经历，故选择D。
36.B【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。existence存在;experience经历;interest兴趣;incident事件。在学校或者军队，是一种经历，故选择B。
37.C【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。naturally自然而然地;normally正常地;obviously显而易见地;oddly奇怪地。此处是说我觉得酒吧令人失望，但是每个英国人家附近都会有一家酒吧，而且大家都爱酒吧，所以大部分人都觉得酒吧很好。对比之下，我明显属于少数觉得酒吧不令人满意的人，故选C。
38.C【精析】本题考查上下文意义推理和词义辨析。男性到酒吧里应该是逃避工作和家庭带来的压力。need需求;objective目标;pressure压力;requirement要求，故选C。
39.D【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。这里是说男性到酒吧里逃避压力带来的烦恼，有时候可以和漂亮的女服务聊天，属于比较幸运的事情。所以比较四个选项，只有D选项合适，故选D。
40.B【精析】本题考查连词词义辨析。still仍然;indeed事实上;thus因此;nevertheless然而。根据上下文的语气indeed最符合原文意思，故选择B。
41.B【精析】本题考查前后语义连贯。此处是说很多男性梦想辞掉无聊的工作，自己开酒吧，成为派对的主人。decorate表示装修;buy表示购买;design表示设计;visit表示拜访，故选B。
42.A 【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。host主人;member成员;servant仆人;sponsor赞助者。根据题意，应该是应该男性梦想成为派对的主人，故选A。
43.D【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。辞掉工作自己开酒吧，一个星期举办七次派对活动，对于大部分男性来说，不是一件切合实际的事情，只能是一种梦想。hobby嗜好;project项目;habit习惯;dream梦想，故选D。
44.D【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。recognize辨认出;remember记得;believe相信;admit承认。根据上下文推理，作者应该是承认尽管自己不喜欢酒吧，但是去的次数也很多，故选D。
45.C【精析】本题考查动词的固定搭配。spend time in/on表示把时间花在(做)某事上面，故选C。
第三部分阅读理解
Part A
Text 1
参考译文
加州大学洛杉矾分校医疗中心的研究人员发现，带着狗拜访心脏病患者12分钟可以降低病人24%的焦虑感，相比之下，人单独来看望病人可以降低病人10%的焦虑感，没有探访者的病人的焦虑感不会降低。
对76名病人进行的研究结果在上周德克萨斯州达拉斯市举办的美国心脏协会年度会议上展示出来。这项研究由宠物信托基金会赞助，此基金会为非营利性组织，其宗旨是促进人类与动物的互动，加强两者之间的联系。此研究将带着狗一起去看望病人的效果与仅有人去探病的效果以及没有探访者自己休息的病人康复结果相对比。监控病人的心理压力并且在探访者来之前和离开之后询问病人一些问题，评估病人的焦虑感程度。尽管临界的压力值也有所降低，表明心脏功能有所改善，但是最突出的反应是焦虑水平的变化。
“最先注意到的是病人的表情变成了笑脸，他们的压力似乎都得以释放。”研究人员Kathy Cole说道，“心脏病患者很容易出现沮丧和绝望感，只要在医院住三个晚上就足以让病人感到焦虑不安。在拜访当中，这些毛茸茸的朋友可以躺在病人旁边，头离病人的头只有两英尺远。大部分的病人会拍拍宠物狗的头，有些病人会和探访者一起谈论宠物狗。”
研究中用的狗是经过特殊训练的协助治疗的狗，它们都经过一系列的训练、评估和认证以认定它们具备成为辅助治疗狗的资格。狗的种类各不相同。研究人员使用了各种各样的狗，包括伯尔尼山地狗和小髯狗。但是，狗不需要经过特殊训练也可以给人类带来平静。事实上，狗以外的其他动物也可以对病人有帮助作用。“只要那个动物对病人有意义，或者和病人有一定的关系，都可以让病人心安。”Cole这样说。
46.A【精析】细节题。题干意为“从文中可以得知，心脏病患者从以下哪个当中获益最大?”从第一段中“…with a dog…anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”可以得知，带着狗一起看病人，会使病人的焦虑感降低24%。因此带着宠物看病人对患者最有好处，故选A。
47.B【精析】推理题。题干意为“研究表明，对于心脏病患者来说 。”从第一段内容“…
with a dog...anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”来看带着狗一起看病人，会使病人的焦虑感降低24%。因此和动物的接触对心脏病人有好处，故选B。
48.B【精析】推理题。题干意为“根据Cole的说法，病人表情的变化说明哪一点?”前两段详细陈述了带着狗去看病人的好处，第三段第一句就提到病人表情的变化，可以推断，在与动物接触之后，病人的心理压力变小，故选B。
49.C【精析】细节题。题干意为“Cole认为狗对于病人有帮助，其条件是 。”从文章最后一句“As long as a dog has meaning to the patient…calm the patient.”可以得知，任何动物只要对于病人有意义，都有助于其病情的恢复，狗当然也不例外，故选C。
50.A【精析】概述题。题干意为“本文主要阐述了 ?”整篇文章主要讲述了一项研究的结果，即带着动物看病人对于患者有很大好处，故选A。
