I. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right:( 5 %)

( ) 1. premium A. the position or arrangement of members of a group in space

( ) 2. cost-effective or time

( ) 3. ban B. prohibit, forbid

( )4. distribution C. fail-to carry out an obligation

( )5. eligible D. the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract

E. producing optimum results for the expenditure

F. having a certain qualification with which one can be accepted or allowed to get a loan

G. a formal legal document

　

　II. Translate the following words and expressions: ( 10 % )

(i) From English into Chinese

6. documentary credit

7. net weight

8. short-sea maritime transport

9. extended fund facility

10. bilateral negotiation

(ii) From Chinese into English

11.非关税壁垒

12.特约条款

13.自有承运人

14.互购贸易

15.加工产品

III. Make brief explanations of the following terms and give the full name of the following abbreviation in English: ( 20 % )

16. letter of credit

17. legal holder

18. trading practices

19. secondary capital market

20. World Bank Group

IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list(You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square) :( 10% )

total，amount，Failin9，delivery，compensatin9，paid，noted， rate，responsibilities，delayed，specifyin9，Outside．

(21) to fulfil the provisions of the contract as agreed upon before hand, one party is compelled to pay a certain amount of penalty to the other as a way of (22) the losses sustained by the injured party. This happens, in most cases, when the seller delays in making (23) or the buyer delays in effecting payment. What applies to both cases is that the two parties normally incorporate in the con-tract of sale a provision (24) the amount of penalty to be .paid. The amount of penalty is conditional on the amount of time (25 ) . However, there is normally a ceiling for the (26) of penalty to be paid. Here is an example taken from a typical contract:" With the exception that the delay in making delivery is caused by force majeure, the seller agrees to. pay the buyer a penalty of no more than 5% of the(27) value of the contract goods. The .(28 ) for penalty is 0.05 for every 7 days, a period less than 7 days is rounded up as such. " But it should be (29) that the payment of penalty does not exempt the party who breaches the con-tract in the first place from the (30) of its execution.

V. Translate the following into English:(25 %)

31.有形贸易指货物的进出口贸易，而无形贸易涉及的是国家间的劳务交换。

32.对销贸易可帮助有严重债务的国家继续进口商品而实际上向债权人掩盖出口收入。

33.在当今世界跨国公司是越过国界转移资源的非常重要的途径。

34.国际复兴开发银行的每一项贷款必须贷给政府或由有关的政府进行担保。

35.理事会的各主要委员会负责检查与较不发达国家的贸易、技术转让和经济合作有关的初级产品、制成品、无形贸易和金融事务。

VI. Translate the following into Chinese:( 15 %)

36. The idea that the courts of one country may, in some circumstances, apply the law of another strikes most people as unbelievable when they first encounter it. In fact, in a world where, trade between nations, is a daily commonplace, the occasions for disputes over transactions which involve two, or even more, countries are innumerable. It is equally surprising that, at present, there is no internationally unified law which can be applied by arbitrators to solve trade disputes. Each country, therefore ,has a branch of law which in England is called conflict of laws to settle these two important questions: in which of two or more possible countries do the courts have jurisdiction in a particular case, and what law are they to apply to settle the matter.

VII, Answer the following questions in English:

37. What does the Domestic Equity Market include?

38. What is the formal definition of a multinational enterprise? Describe briefly the characteristics of WNEs?

参考答案

I.1.D 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F

Ⅱ.(i)6.跟单信用证7.净重8.近海运输9.中期贷款l0.双边谈判

(ii) 11. non-tariff barrier 12. special clause 13. private carrier 14. counter purchase 15. processed product

III.16. The letter of credit is a letter issued by a bank at the request of the importer in which the bank promises to pay upon presentation of the relevant documents.

17. A legal holder is an owner of a property who. is entitled to it by law.

18. Trading practices are widely-acknowledged customary deeds experienced from actual trade.

19. Secondary capital market is the market where the issued securities are traded, it includes the stock exchange and the over-the-counter market.

20. It is a complex institutions composed of IBRD, IDA, IFC and MIGA, with the main purpose of helping raise standards of living in developing countries by channeling financial resources to them from developed countries.

IV.21. Failing 22. compensating 23. delivery 24. specifying 25. delayed 26. amount 27. total 28. rate 29. noted 30. responsibilities

V.31. The visible trade is the import and export of goods, and the invisible trade is the exchange of services between:countries.

32. Counter trade may help those nations with serious debt problems to continue to import goods while in effect concealing export earnings from creditors.

33. In our world today, the multinational enterprises are very important vehicle’s for the transfer of resources across national boundaries.

34. Each loan of IBRD is made to a government or must be guaranteed by the government concerned.

35. The Board’s main committees examine commodities ,manufactures ,invisibles and financing related to trade, transfer of technology and economic cooperation among less-developed countries.

Ⅵ.36.在某些情况下，一个国家的法院会使用其他国冢的法律。这种情况便大多数的人百次遇到时感到震

惊，认为是不可理解的。事实上，在国际贸易频繁进行的当今世界，两个或者更多的国家间的贸易争议数不胜数。同样令人震惊的是，现在还没有一个仲裁人可以用以解决贸易争端的国际统一立法。每一个国家都有一个在英国被称为是冲突法的法律分支来解决两个重要问题：在两个或者更多国家间究竟哪一个法院对一个具体案件拥有管辖权;解决问题应该适用哪一法律。

VII.37. The Domestic Equity Market covers three areas: A, the listed market for well-established companies who must be able to comply with stringent criteria relating to all aspects of their operation; B. the unlisted securities market: a market created in 1980 to meet the needs of established, but smaller, immature companies; C. the third market, a new,disciplined market established in January 1987 and designed to enable young, growing UK. companies to raise capital on a cost-effective and straight formal basis.

38. ( 1 ) A multinational enterprise shall be defined as a business organization which owns ( whether wholly or partly),controls and manages assets, often including productive resources, in more than one country, through its member companies incorporated separately in each of these countries.

( 2 ) Characteristics:

a. MNEs are generally enormous in size.

b. Wide geographical spread is also characteristic of MNEs.

c. Another general characteristic of cargo MNEs is their longevity and rapid growth.