2018年公共英语三级语法学习技巧:倒装
倒装
倒装是指英语中主谓顺序颠倒的一种语法现象。倒装的原因有三:一是为了求得句子的平衡,二是为了强调,三是为了追求某种特殊的效果,如修辞上的要求等。倒装从形式上可以分为全部倒装和部分倒装。前者指整个谓语都放在主语之前,后者指谓语的一部分(主要是助动词、情态动词或系动词)放在主语之前,而另一部分放在主语后。下面我们将对这两种形式在考试中经常考察的地方予以阐述。
经典考题
1.She wanted to go .
A) and so her brother did B) and so did her brother
C) and too her brother D) and did her brother ,too
考点分析
在以so, nor, neither, no more 开头的并列句中,表示前面一句话中的谓所说的情况也适合于后一句话,采用倒装并且省去与前一句相同的成分。在此句型中,要注意后一句中所用的助动词、系动词、情态动词与前一句相一致。如:
I can’t answer this question, nor can Tom.
You are not preparing your lessons, neither are we.
答案:1. B
经典考题
1. Never him in such a good mood.
A) I have found B) have found I
C) have I found D) I found
2. Only under special circumstances to take make- up tests.
A) are freshmen permitted B) freshmen are permitted
C) permitted are freshmen D) are permitted freshmen
3. No sooner the bus than the waiting crowd got on it .
A) did … stopped B) has … stopped
C) had … stopped D) was… stopping
否定词(或否定词组)位于句首,引起后面的部分倒装。常见的形式有:
1)never (从不),seldom, rarely(不常),little, scarcely, hardly等表示否定意义的词或含有no的状语如at no time (任何时候都不),by no means (一点也不),in no case (决不),no account (决不),under no circumstance (决不)等位于句首,引起半倒装。
2)由not until, only when 等或not until 时间状语,only 介词短语作状语置于句首,引起部分倒装。
3)从属连词no sooner had …than (一……就),scarcely/hardly had…when (一……就)引起部分倒装。在此种句型中,主句谓语通常用过去完成时,从句谓语一般用过去时,倒装时将助动词had 放于主语前。
3)并列连词not only …but (also ), neither …nor 或将其中的not only, neither 放在句首,引起部分倒装。如:
Not only did he show himself a good student, but he also proved himself a good athlete.
答案:1. C 2.A 3.C
