2016年GRE词汇专项模拟试题及答案(六)
Industrialists seized economic power only after industry had agriculture as the preeminent form of production; previously such power had land ownership.
(A) Sabotaged
(B) Joined
(C) Supplanted
(D) Resided in
(E) Culminated in
(F) Threatened
Answer: C D
Economic power与such power同义，对于economic power这一问题，industrialists与land ownership反义对立，所以第2空与seize同义。
Sabotaged暗中破坏，joined加入合并，supplanted取代，resided in居住于、归属于，culminated in达到顶点，threatened威胁。
翻译：在工业取代了农业并成为一个卓越的生产形势之后，工业家夺取了经济大权;早先这些权利是属于土地所有者。
While she initially suffered the fate of many pioneers—the incomprehension of her colleagues—octogenarian Nobel laureate Barbara McClintock has lived to the triumph of her once scientific theories.
(A) Decry
(B) Regret
(C) Savor
(D) Heterodox
(E) Authoritative
(F) Tentative
Answer: C D
While在句首表转折，译为“尽管”。
Initially和once对应，都是讲述之前的事情，所以第2空与incomprehension同义，填负评价词汇。Has lived to表示现在的状态，时间对比，所以第1空填正评价词汇。
Decry贬低、强烈反对，regret抱歉，savor品尝、享受，heterodox异类的，authoritative有权威的，tentative尝试性的。
翻译：尽管她当初遭到了很多先驱人物的命运-不被她的同僚所理解，但这位80多岁的诺贝尔奖获得者BM一直活到了来享受她的曾经是异端的理论的胜利。
Although Johnson’s and Smith’s initial fascination with the fortunes of those jockeying for power in the law firm after a few months, the two paid sufficient attention to determine who their lunch partners should be.
(A) Revived
(B) Emerged
(C) Intensified
(D) Flagged
(E) Persisted
(F) Declined
Answer: D F
Initial与after时间对立，空与fascination反义。
Jockey职业赛马骑士、机器操作员、谋取。DJ = Disc Jockey
Law firm律师事务所。
Revived复活，emerged涌现，intensified加强，flagged衰退，persisted坚持，declined下降。
翻译：尽管J和S最初对一个律师事务所里谋取权利的人的命运非常感兴趣，但几个月之后兴趣衰退了，但他俩还是以充分的注意力去决定谁是他们的午餐伙伴。
The actual of Wilson’s position was always by his refusal to compromise after having initially agreed to negotiate a settlement.
(A) Cowardice
(B) Rigidity
(C) Uncertainty
(D) Betrayed
(E) Foreshadowed
(F) Alleviated
Answer: B D
W这人最初agreed to negotiate，之后refusal to compromise，第1空为之后的状态，所以第1空与refusal to compromise同义。第2空填正评价词汇，且可表露refusal和agree的矛盾性。
Cowardice胆怯，rigidity强硬，uncertainty不确定性，betray背叛、暴露，foreshadow预示，alleviate减轻。
翻译：在当初同意协商解决之后，W又拒绝妥协，这就暴露了他立场的实际上的僵化性。
Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry, even now only a few independent observers his works.
(A) Praise
(B) Revile
(C) Merit
(D) Scrutinize
(E) Criticize
(F) Neglect
Answer: A C
Initially引导时间对立，以前hostile reaction，所以空格是正评价词汇。Although引导的对立仅仅是soften the hostile reaction和a few observers praise。
Praise表扬，revile辱骂，merit称赞，scrutinize细查，criticize批评，neglect忽视。
翻译：尽管经过很多年的时间，已经减轻了当初对他的诗歌的敌意态度，但是即使是现在，也只有一少部分的独立评论家表扬他的作品。
When theories formerly considered to be in their scientific objectivity are found instead to reflect a consistent observational and evaluative bias, then the presumed neutrality of science gives way to the recognition that categories of knowledge are human .
(A) Disinterested
(B) Callous
(C) Verifiable
(D) Imperatives
(E) Errors
(F) Constructions
Answer: A F
Formerly和are时间对立，第1空与bias反义。Instead to与gives way to同义，neutrality与bias反义，第2空与neutrality反义，与bias同义。
A instead to B = A gives way to B: A被B取代，A让位于B。
Disinterested客观公正的，callous冷漠的，verifiable能证实的(虚假的也可以被证实，所以不一定是客观公正的)，imperatives命令的、强制的、迫切的、必要的，errors错误，construction建造(表示偏见)。
Construction: the act or result of construing, interpreting, or explaining，主观上的解释、诠释，带有偏见的理解。
翻译：当一个理论过去被认为是一种客观公正的状态，现在却被发现反映了一个永恒的观察和评价上的偏见时，过去认为科学所具有的客观公正的中立性就让位于一个新的认识，即所有的科学知识都是人类主观上的解释。(客观真理相对客观，而不绝对客观，有主观因素)
