Unit 7 Literature and Art
Main Contents:
本课主要介绍了文学欣赏，文学评论以及如何检验一本好书。学完了本课后，我们应该能够掌握一些文学和艺术方面的知识背景，如国外一些伟大的作家和艺术家以及他们的作品，并且能够用英语就文学与艺术这一话题与外国人进行交流。
本课的课文介绍如何检验一本好书。检验一本好书的标准使要看是否只想把书读一遍还是多于一遍。对任何伟大的书，读第二遍的渴望超过读第一遍的渴望。伟大的作品能使人们在不同的时期又不同的感受，使人们从书中得到他们所需要的东西。
Words, Expressions and Grammar
Dialogue:
That’s incredible. 真是难以置信.
Sorry to interrupt, … 对不起,我插句话…, 对不起,打扰了….
May I ask a question? 我能问个问题吗?
What did you think of it? 你认为怎么样.
What do you think of the performance? 你觉得表演怎么样.
But, in my opinion, … 在我看来…
Could you explain that to me? 你能说的具体一点么?
The acting was simply superb, if you ask me. 让我说/ 在我看来, 表演只是很华丽而已.
Well, you’ve got a point there. 这一点你说对了.
1.
moving adj. = touching 令人感动的
e.g. this is a moving story, and I was deeply touched.
2.
latest adj. (late的最高级形式) 最近的,最新的
e.g. Have you heard the latest news?
你听到最新消息了吗?
This toy robot is the latest craze all over the world.
这种玩具机器人最近风靡全世界。
3.
come upon 来临，袭击
e.g. The disaster come upon the quiet village. 灾难降临在这个宁静的小村庄。
When the bad luck came upon her, she showed her composure.
当遇到不幸的时候，她表现得很镇静。
4.
dictate v.口述, 口授, 指令, 指示 dictation n.
e.g. When the visitor came, he was dictating a letter to a secretary
当有人来访时他正在向秘书口授信稿。
The French teacher dictates to the class every other week.
法语教师每隔一周给这班学生做一次听写。
5.
set n. 布景，道具
e.g. Everyone must be on the set ready to begin filming at 10 oclock.
每个人都必须到达布景地准备10点钟开拍电影。
v. 为…布景
e.g. The story is set in the early days of World War
此故事是以第二次世界大战初期为背景的
v.
1) 致, 使; 使处于某种状态, 使(某人)做某事
e.g. A spark set the woods on fire.星星之火使整个森林燃烧起来。
I must set my affairs in order.我必须使我的事情搞得井井有条。
Why didnt you set the boy right?你为什么不纠正那孩子的错误呢?
A good nights rest will set you right.酣睡一夜将使你的精神得到恢复。
My jokes set the whole table laughing.我说的笑话使全桌人大笑起来。
2) 指定, 规定(日期, 价格, 限度等); 制定(规则等)
set a price on sth.定价格
set a date for a meeting确定会议日期
set the targets of production定生产指标
set a rule制定规则
set a limit定限度
set a distance定距离
adj. 惯用的; 固定的，已经确定的
a set phrase 陈腔, 俗套; 固定词组
a set date/agenda/policy 已定日期/既定日程/既定政策
6. garish adj.炫耀的, 过分装饰的, (色彩、装饰、打扮等)俗气的
e.g. She doesn’t like garish clothes. 她不喜欢过于艳丽的衣服。
7.
plot n. 情节，结构
e.g. The plot of the detective story is really attracting.这部小说的情节引人入胜。
The plot has too many twist, so its credibility is low. 这个情节中有太多的波折，不太可信。
8.
gloomy adj.黑暗的, 阴沉的, 令人沮丧的, 阴郁的
e.g. Many people take a gloomy view of the economic situation in that area.
很多人对该地区的经济形势持悲观态度。
a damp, gloomy day. 湿而阴郁的天
gloomy faces.忧郁的脸
gloomy news.令人悲伤的消息
gloomy predictions. 悲观的预测
9. drawback n. a disadvantage or inconvenience.障碍，缺陷

10.
twist n. 拐弯;弯曲;曲折;癖性
e.g. a twist in ones nature怪癖, 拗脾气
His answer showed a mental twist. 他的回答显示了心智失常。
She is acquainted with all the twists that make for efficient cooking.
她熟知所有高效率烹调的妙诀。
11.
credibility n.可信性,可靠性, 确实性
credible adj.可信的, 可靠的
e.g. credibility gap信用差距(指政府官员等言论与事实的不符)
It is a story beyond credibility.一个超出我们信任程度的故事
12.
similar adj 相像的，相似的;近似的
e.g. My new dress is similar to the one you have. 我的新衣服和你的那件相似。
All big cities are quite similar. 所有的大城市差不多大同小异
The boy is similar to his brother in interests. 这个男孩在爱好上和他哥哥很相似。
13.
overdo vt.做得过分, 过度 vi.过火
e.g. She overdid the diet and became malnourished. 她过分节食变得营养不良
Dont overdo the salt in your cooking. 做菜时别放太多的盐。
The beef is overdone.牛肉煮得太老。
We always overdo at Christmas.我们庆祝圣诞节时总是做得很过火
The joke is overdone.玩笑开得过火。
1.
taste n.味道, 味觉
have/take a taste of 尝…
e.g. please take a taste of cake made by mother. 请尝一点我妈妈做的糕饼。
Would you like to have a taste of tea? 请品一品茶。
the bitter taste of life人生的辛酸
n. 体验，鉴赏力
e.g. He is a man of taste. 颇有生活鉴赏力的人, 风雅的人
He has a good taste for music.他对音乐很有鉴赏力。
He has a taste for folk songs.他喜欢民歌。
A sick man has not much taste for food. 病人吃东西没有味道。
v. 品尝
e.g. The soup tastes delicious. 这汤尝起来很不错。
It tastes bitter. 这东西吃起来很苦。
The rice tastes burnt. 米饭尝起来有焦味。
2.
worth adj.值钱的, 值的看中的
e.g. What is it worth? (或How much is it worth?)这值多少钱?
It is worth￡500. 它值五百镑。
Its not worth the paper its printed on. 它(文章等)的价值抵不上用来印它的纸张。
The rarer it is, the more it is worth.物以稀为贵。
be worth doing 值得 www.telnote.cn
e.g. The movie is worth seeing.这部电影值得一看.
This matter is worth notice.这件事值得注意
The matter is worth the trouble. 这件事值得费点事。
3.
go on v.继续下去, 发生,进行
e.g. Let’s go on with our discussion.
I don’t know what’s going on in the classroom.我不知道教室里发生了什么事情。
I watch TV everyday to keep myself informed of what is going on in the world.
我每天看电视，这样能够了解世界上发生的事情。
4.
regarding prep. in reference to; with respect to; concerning.关于
e.g. I wrote a letter regarding my daughters school examinations.
我写了一封关于我女儿学校考试的信。
The chairman is making a speech regarding the future of reform 主席正在做一个关于改革的前途的演讲。
5.
genius n.天才, 天赋, 天才人物
e.g. Einstein was a genius. 爱因斯坦是一个天才。
Hes a genius at mathematics.他是个数学天才。
The girl has a genius for mathematics.这个女孩和有数学的天分
genius，gift，talent 意思都是“天赋”、“才能”。
genius 在这组同义词中程度最高, 指“最全面的天才”, 也可指“有天才的人”, 如:
e.g. Li Bai was a great genius.李白是个伟大的天才。
gift侧重“天赋”, 如:来自www.telnote.cn
e.g. She has a gift for music.她有音乐天赋。
talent侧重“才能”, 如:
e.g. He showed great talent in language.他显示出语言才能。
6.
bring about引起; 致使; 造成; 达成
7.
be apt to adj.易于...的, 有...倾向的,倾向是
e.g. This shoe is apt to slip. 这种鞋容易滑倒。
Food is apt to deteriorate in summer. 食物在夏天容易变质。
Iron is apt to rust. 铁易生锈。
She is apt to take offense easily. 她易于发怒.
8.
endure v. 忍耐，忍受, 支持;保持活力, 持续
e.g. I cant endure loud music. 我不能忍受音量大的音乐声。
I cant endure her endless complaint noise a moment longer.
我一刻也忍受不了她那没完没了的抱怨。
I cant endure talking to those scoundrels.与那些无赖们交谈,我真受不了。
His fame will endure for ever. 他的名望永存。
They can not endure much longer. 他们再也支持不了多久了。

9. at times adv.有时, 不时
10.
in regard to= with regard to 关于
e.g. In regard to the future, he takes an optimistic view. 对于未来，他很乐观。
In regard to our study of English, the teacher had a lot to say.
11.
be composed of
e.g. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢与氧化合而成的。
*compose, consist of, comprise, constitute这组动词的一般含义为“组成”或“构成”。
compose 在表示“由……材料构成”时，见于被动语态;在用于主动语态时，一般它所表示的“构成”或“组成”总包含着融合为一，而且主语或者是复数名词或者是集体名词。
e.g. Concrete is composed of cement, sand and gravel mixed with water.
混凝土由水泥、砂、石子与水掺和而构成。
England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. 英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。
Mere facts, badly stated, do not compose a good book. 仅仅有资料，如果陈述得很糟糕，并不能组成一本好书;
consist of 的含义与被动语态的 compose 相同
e.g. Though the costume consists only of a sheet, it was very effective.
虽然那件化装服装仅由一条床单组成，但效果很好。
comprise 在表示“构成”时，其内涵是“包括”或“覆盖”
e.g. These houses do not comprises all his property.
这些房产并没有构成他的全部财产。
The committee comprises men of widely different views.
这个委员会由见解甚为悬殊的人组成。
constitute 的主语可以是复数名词也可以是单数名词，所“构成”的事物在属性和特征亦或在组织上，与组成成分是一致的
e.g. This growing poverty in the midst of growing poverty constitutes a permanent menace to peace.
在这种不断增长的贫困中正在增长着的贫困，构成了对和平的永久的威胁。
Seven days constitutes a week. 七天构成一个星期。
12.
immortal adj.不朽的
e.g. Nobody is immortal. 人都要死的。
The heroes of the people are immortal.人民英雄永垂不朽。
13.
superficial adj.表面的, 肤浅的, 浅薄的
e.g. a superficial wound. 表皮伤
a superficial knowledge 肤浅的知识
14.
charm n. 魅力;诱惑力
e.g. This town, clean and quiet, has a charm you couldnt find in a big city.
这个城镇既干净又安静自有大城市里找不到的那种魅力。
He had great charm, everyone liked him. 他极有魅力，人人都喜欢他。
Her charm of manner made her very popular. 她风度优雅, 备受大家欢迎。
15.
estimate n. 估计
e.g. My estimate of his abilities was wrong. 我对他的能力估计错了。
Now Ive realized that my estimate of her character was one-sided.
现在我认识到我对她品格的评价是片面的。
overestimate过高估计; underestimate 低估
16.
perceive v. 觉察; 理解
e.g. Dogs can perceive by the nose.狗能够用鼻嗅。
I perceived that I could not make her change her mind. 我发觉我不能使她改变她的主意。
17.
in proportion to 成比例, 均衡
e.g. We do not always find visible happiness in proportion to visible virtue.
我们会发现可见的幸福不一定与可见的美德成比例
This door is narrow in proportion to its height. 这扇门就其高度的比例而言窄了些。