l Further notes on one text
Tea for two 两个人一起喝茶
I’ll have tea by myself. 我一个人喝茶了。注意这个固定搭配by oneself = alone adv.独自,单独地。
Have you finished already? 一般来说already用于肯定句,而yet用于否定句,而这里面用already表示强调。
That was a pleasant surprise. surprise n.惊喜,这是一个可数名词。
I’m not more than twenty nine myself. 我还没有29岁呢。more than n. = at most adv.至多(两者词性不同)
Seventy miles an hour 时速70英里。
Where do you think you are? On a race track? 这是一个宾语从句,
陈述句是这样的:I think we are on a race track.
否定句要在前面否定:I don’t think we are on a race track. 像这种推测类的动词,如think、sure等,要在主句上否定,如:I don’t sure this thing is true.
That’s why I didn’t see the sign. 所以我才没看见那牌子。That’s why = so
You’d better not do it again. had better adv.最好,否定在better之后,这是以前讲的内容。本课中介绍了另一个情态动词should adv.应该。语气弱于had better.
You should send her a note. 你最好给她留一个纸条。
下列表示建议的情态动词:
|
必须 |
must、have to |
|
应该 |
had better、ought to、should |
|
可以 |
can、would、may、would |
I’ll certainly be more careful. 我以后一定会多加注意。这里面助动词是will,应该放在前面。
It takes a long time. take用于花费时间。
It takes sb. sometime to do sth 做某事需要花费某人多长时间
It took me a week to finish this work. 我完成这项工作花了一周的时间。
We might not go anywhere. 我们可能哪也不去,而不是我们不可能去那。 We can’t go anywhere。
In the end adv.最后。等于at last adv.最后 = at the end of sth 在…结尾。
l Expressions
1. must和have to的用法
两者都表示必要性,两者的主要区别在于:
1. must表示主观意愿,而have to表示客观事实。
2. must 只用于现在时,而过去时用had to,将来时用will have to。
3. must 不用于否定句,否定句用needn’t 不必要或don’t need to。mustn’t的意思是不允许,禁止。
2. 情态动词表示推测:
情态动词表示推测的有:must一定、could很有可能、may可能、might有一些可能。它们的用法是:
1. 它们表示推测只能用于肯定句之中,而疑问句用can,否定句用can’t不可能。
Can the he stay at home at the moment? 现在他能在家么?
He must be staying at home. 他一定在家。
He can’t be staying at home. 他不可能在家。
2. 情态动词用原形,表示对现在或将来的情况时行推测。
He must be a teacher. 他可能是一名老师。(系表)
We may travel by sea next month. 下个月,我们可能乘船旅行。
3. 情态动词用be doing,表示对现在的情况进行推测。
He must be having a lot of money. 他一定有很多钱。
Jim may be playing the basketball. 吉姆可能正在打篮球。
4. 情态动词用have done,表示对过去的情况进行推测。
It must have rained yesterday. 昨天一定下雨了。
I can’t have been late yesterday. 我昨天不可能迟到。
She could have phoned you last night. 她昨晚应该给你打电话了。
He must have stayed at home when we arrived. 当我们到达的时候,他一定在家。
5. 情态动词用have been doing,表示对过去正在进行的动作或过去一直进行的动作进行推测。
She may have been doing his homework last night. 昨天晚上,他可能一直在写作业。
